Journal Description
Biomedicines
Biomedicines
is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal on biomedicines published monthly online by MDPI. The Society for Regenerative Medicine (Russian Federation) (RPO) is affiliated with Biomedicines and its members receive discounts on the article processing charges.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), PubMed, PMC, CAPlus / SciFinder, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q1 (Pharmacology & Pharmacy) / CiteScore - Q2 (Medicine (miscellaneous))
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 15.4 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.9 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2023).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
- Companion journals for Biomedicines include: IJTM, BioMed, Anesthesia Research and Emergency Care and Medicine.
Impact Factor:
4.7 (2022);
5-Year Impact Factor:
4.9 (2022)
Latest Articles
Botulism Cases in Romania—An Overview of 14-Year National Surveillance Data
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1058; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051058 (registering DOI) - 10 May 2024
Abstract
Botulism is a priority disease worldwide because it has a very severe course of evolution that can lead to death. This paper aims to describe the main epidemiological characteristics of botulism cases confirmed in Romania over 14 years (2007–2020). We performed a retrospective
[...] Read more.
Botulism is a priority disease worldwide because it has a very severe course of evolution that can lead to death. This paper aims to describe the main epidemiological characteristics of botulism cases confirmed in Romania over 14 years (2007–2020). We performed a retrospective study using the publicly available national surveillance data and reported to the National Institute of Public Health. A total of 325 cases of foodborne botulism were reported in Romania, with no infant or wound botulism. Most of the cases (125, 38.5%) were reported among young adults (25–44 years old), over half (205, 63%) of them living in rural areas. The incriminated food item was identified in 161 cases; in most cases (145, 90%) the food item was prepared in the household. The main food category was represented by meat and meat-based products (94, 68.6%). In almost all cases the identified type was BoNT/B (230/231, 99.5%). Fifteen deaths were recorded, and the case fatality rate was 4.6%. Botulism cases were reported annually in Romania. Surveillance data are essential for implementing control measures and adapting educational campaigns according to existing needs.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapeutics of Infectious Diseases)
►
Show Figures
Open AccessArticle
Alterations in Skeletal Muscle Insulin Signaling DNA Methylation: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Olanzapine in Healthy Volunteers
by
Kyle J. Burghardt, Paul R. Burghardt, Bradley H. Howlett, Sabrina E. Dass, Brent Zahn, Ahmad A. Imam, Abdullah Mallisho, Zaher Msallaty, Berhane Seyoum and Zhengping Yi
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1057; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051057 (registering DOI) - 10 May 2024
Abstract
Antipsychotics are associated with severe metabolic side effects including insulin resistance; however, the mechanisms underlying this side effect are not fully understood. The skeletal muscle plays a critical role in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and changes in skeletal muscle DNA methylation by antipsychotics may
[...] Read more.
Antipsychotics are associated with severe metabolic side effects including insulin resistance; however, the mechanisms underlying this side effect are not fully understood. The skeletal muscle plays a critical role in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and changes in skeletal muscle DNA methylation by antipsychotics may play a role in the development of insulin resistance. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of olanzapine was performed in healthy volunteers. Twelve healthy volunteers were randomized to receive 10 mg/day of olanzapine for 7 days. Participants underwent skeletal muscle biopsies to analyze DNA methylation changes using a candidate gene approach for the insulin signaling pathway. Ninety-seven methylation sites were statistically significant (false discovery rate < 0.05 and beta difference between the groups of ≥10%). Fifty-five sites had increased methylation in the skeletal muscle of olanzapine-treated participants while 42 were decreased. The largest methylation change occurred at a site in the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-Alpha (PPARGC1A) gene, which had 52% lower methylation in the olanzapine group. Antipsychotic treatment in healthy volunteers causes significant changes in skeletal muscle DNA methylation in the insulin signaling pathway. Future work will need to expand on these findings with expression analyses.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Epigenetic Regulation and Its Impact for Medicine)
Open AccessArticle
Influence of Biofilm Maturity on the Antibacterial Efficacy of Cold Atmospheric Plasma in Oral Microcosm Biofilms
by
Hee-Eun Kim
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1056; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051056 (registering DOI) - 10 May 2024
Abstract
As biofilms mature, biomass and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) content increases, enhancing pathogenicity. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) against oral microcosm biofilms and the influence of biofilm maturity on treatment. Oral microcosm biofilms were cultured
[...] Read more.
As biofilms mature, biomass and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) content increases, enhancing pathogenicity. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) against oral microcosm biofilms and the influence of biofilm maturity on treatment. Oral microcosm biofilms were cultured on hydroxyapatite disks for 2 and 6 days. Based on the treatment and biofilm maturity, these were subsequently allocated into six groups (N = 19 each): Groups 1 and 2 were incubated with distilled water for 1 min; Groups 3 and 4 were treated with CAP for 2 min, and Groups 5 and 6 were treated with 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate for 1 min. Groups 1, 3, and 5 represent 2-day biofilms, and Groups 2, 4, and 6 represent 6-day biofilms. Treatments were repeated daily for 5 days. Antibacterial efficacy was analyzed by measuring oral biofilms’ red fluorescence intensity (RatioR/G) and quantifying EPS content and bacterial viability. The RatioR/G was 1.089-fold and 1.104-fold higher in Groups 4 and 6 than in Groups 3 and 5 following antibacterial treatment, respectively (p < 0.001). EPS content increased by 1.71-fold in Group 6 than in Group 5 (p < 0.001). Bacterial survival rate was the lowest in Group 3 (p = 0.005). These findings underscore the relevance of CAP treatment in maintaining antibacterial efficacy regardless of the biofilm development stage, highlighting its potential utility in oral care.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Trends in Dental Caries: Insights into Etiology, Risk Factors, and Treatment Strategies)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessReview
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Its Role in the Cardiovascular System
by
Kamila Florek, Dominik Mendyka and Krzysztof Gomułka
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1055; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051055 - 10 May 2024
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide, with ischemic heart disease (IHD) as the most common. Ischemia-induced angiogenesis is a process in which vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a crucial role. To conduct research in the field of VEGF’s association
[...] Read more.
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide, with ischemic heart disease (IHD) as the most common. Ischemia-induced angiogenesis is a process in which vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a crucial role. To conduct research in the field of VEGF’s association in cardiovascular diseases, it is vital to understand its role in the physiological and pathological processes in the heart. VEGF-based therapies have demonstrated a promising role in preclinical studies. However, their potential in human therapies is currently under discussion. Furthermore, VEGF is considered a potential biomarker for collateral circulation assessment and heart failure (HF) mortality. Additionally, as VEGF is involved in angiogenesis, there is a need to elucidate the impact of VEGF-targeted therapies in terms of cardiovascular side effects.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Angiogenesis)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessReview
Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasm: Biology and Mechanistic Aspects of Malignant Progression
by
Serena Travaglini, Massimiliano Marinoni, Valeria Visconte and Luca Guarnera
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1054; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051054 (registering DOI) - 10 May 2024
Abstract
Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) arise after a documented history of chemo/radiotherapy as treatment for an unrelated condition and account for 10–20% of myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. T-MN are characterized by a specific genetic signature, aggressive features and dismal prognosis. The nomenclature
[...] Read more.
Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) arise after a documented history of chemo/radiotherapy as treatment for an unrelated condition and account for 10–20% of myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. T-MN are characterized by a specific genetic signature, aggressive features and dismal prognosis. The nomenclature and the subsets of these conditions have changed frequently over time, and despite the fact that, in the last classification, they lost their autonomous entity status and became disease qualifiers, the recognition of this feature remains of major importance. Furthermore, in recent years, extensive studies focusing on clonal hematopoiesis and germline variants shed light on the mechanisms of positive pressure underpinning the rise of driver gene mutations in t-MN. In this manuscript, we aim to review the evolution of defining criteria and characteristics of t-MN from a clinical and biological perspective, the advances in mechanistic aspects of malignant progression and the challenges in prevention and management.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research on Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Volume II)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Cerebral Amyloidosis in Individuals with Subjective Cognitive Decline: From Genetic Predisposition to Actual Cerebrospinal Fluid Measurements
by
Stefanos N. Sampatakakis, Niki Mourtzi, Sokratis Charisis, Faidra Kalligerou, Eirini Mamalaki, Eva Ntanasi, Alex Hatzimanolis, Georgios Koutsis, Alfredo Ramirez, Jean-Charles Lambert, Mary Yannakoulia, Mary H. Kosmidis, Efthimios Dardiotis, Georgios Hadjigeorgiou, Paraskevi Sakka, Konstantinos Rouskas, Kostas Patas and Nikolaos Scarmeas
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1053; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051053 - 10 May 2024
Abstract
The possible relationship between Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) and dementia needs further investigation. In the present study, we explored the association between specific biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42) and Tau with the odds of SCD using data from
[...] Read more.
The possible relationship between Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) and dementia needs further investigation. In the present study, we explored the association between specific biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42) and Tau with the odds of SCD using data from two ongoing studies. In total, 849 cognitively normal (CN) individuals were included in our analyses. Among the participants, 107 had available results regarding cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ42 and Tau, while 742 had available genetic data to construct polygenic risk scores (PRSs) reflecting their genetic predisposition for CSF Aβ42 and plasma total Tau levels. The associations between AD biomarkers and SCD were tested using logistic regression models adjusted for possible confounders such as age, sex, education, depression, and baseline cognitive test scores. Abnormal values of CSF Aβ42 were related to 2.5-fold higher odds of SCD, while higher polygenic loading for Aβ42 was associated with 1.6-fold higher odds of SCD. CSF Tau, as well as polygenic loading for total Tau, were not associated with SCD. Thus, only cerebral amyloidosis appears to be related to SCD status, either in the form of polygenic risk or actual CSF measurements. The temporal sequence of amyloidosis being followed by tauopathy may partially explain our findings.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alzheimer's Disease Genetics)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Activity of NAD(P)H-Oxidoreductases in Ovarian Cancer
by
Maria V. Fedorova, Vladimir I. Voznesensky, Elena A. Sosnova and Elena V. Proskurnina
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1052; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051052 - 10 May 2024
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important and controversial role in carcinogenesis. Microsomal redox chains containing NADH- and NADPH-dependent oxidoreductases are among the main sites of intracellular ROS synthesis, but their role in the oxidative balance has not been fully studied. Here, we
[...] Read more.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important and controversial role in carcinogenesis. Microsomal redox chains containing NADH- and NADPH-dependent oxidoreductases are among the main sites of intracellular ROS synthesis, but their role in the oxidative balance has not been fully studied. Here, we studied the activity of cytochrome b5 reductase (CYB5R) and cytochrome P450 reductase (CYPOR) in ovarian cancer tissues and cells isolated from peritoneal fluid, along with the antioxidant capacity of peritoneal fluid. We used the developed a chemiluminescence assay based on stimulation with NADH and NADPH, which reflects the activity of CYB5R and CYPOR, respectively. The activity of CYB5R and CYPOR was significantly higher in moderately and poorly differentiated ovarian adenocarcinomas compared with well-differentiated adenocarcinomas and cystadenomas. For the chemotherapy-resistant tumors, the activity of tissue CYB5R and CYPOR was lower compared to the non-resistant tumors. In the peritoneal fluid, the antioxidant capacity significantly increased in this series, benign tumors < well-differentiated < moderately and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas, so the antioxidant excess was observed for moderately and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. The antioxidant capacity of peritoneal fluid and the activity of CYB5R and CYPOR of cells isolated from peritoneal fluid were characterized by a direct moderate correlation for moderately and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. These results indicate the significant role of NAD(P)H oxidoreductases and the antioxidant potential of peritoneal fluid in cancer biochemistry. The parameters studied are useful for diagnostics and prognostics. The developed assay can be used to analyze CYB5R and CYPOR activity in other tissues and cells.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Cancer Biology and Oncology)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessReview
Transient Left Ventricular Dysfunction from Cardiomyopathies to Myocardial Viability: When and Why Cardiac Function Recovers
by
Giancarlo Trimarchi, Lucio Teresi, Roberto Licordari, Alessandro Pingitore, Fausto Pizzino, Patrizia Grimaldi, Danila Calabrò, Paolo Liotta, Antonio Micari, Cesare de Gregorio and Gianluca Di Bella
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1051; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051051 - 9 May 2024
Abstract
Transient left ventricular dysfunction (TLVD), a temporary condition marked by reversible impairment of ventricular function, remains an underdiagnosed yet significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in clinical practice. Unlike the well-explored atherosclerotic disease of the epicardial coronary arteries, the diverse etiologies of TLVD
[...] Read more.
Transient left ventricular dysfunction (TLVD), a temporary condition marked by reversible impairment of ventricular function, remains an underdiagnosed yet significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in clinical practice. Unlike the well-explored atherosclerotic disease of the epicardial coronary arteries, the diverse etiologies of TLVD require greater attention for proper diagnosis and management. The spectrum of disorders associated with TLVD includes stress-induced cardiomyopathy, central nervous system injuries, histaminergic syndromes, various inflammatory diseases, pregnancy-related conditions, and genetically determined syndromes. Furthermore, myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) origins such as coronary artery spasm, coronary thromboembolism, and spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) may also manifest as TLVD, eventually showing recovery. This review highlights the range of ischemic and non-ischemic clinical situations that lead to TLVD, gathering conditions like Tako-Tsubo Syndrome (TTS), Kounis syndrome (KS), Myocarditis, Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM), and Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy (TIC). Differentiation amongst these causes is crucial, as they involve distinct clinical, instrumental, and genetic predictors that bode different outcomes and recovery potential for left ventricular function. The purpose of this review is to improve everyday clinical approaches to treating these diseases by providing an extensive survey of conditions linked with TLVD and the elements impacting prognosis and outcomes.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiomyopathies and Heart Failure: Charting the Future)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
MicroRNA Monitoring in Human Alveolar Macrophages from Patients with Smoking-Related Lung Diseases: A Preliminary Study
by
Davida Mirra, Renata Esposito, Giuseppe Spaziano, Liberata Sportiello, Francesca Panico, Antonio Squillante, Maddalena Falciani, Ida Cerqua, Luca Gallelli, Erika Cione and Bruno D’Agostino
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1050; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051050 - 9 May 2024
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease that is commonly considered to be a potent driver of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development and related mortality. A growing body of evidence supports a role of the immune system, mainly played
[...] Read more.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease that is commonly considered to be a potent driver of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development and related mortality. A growing body of evidence supports a role of the immune system, mainly played by alveolar macrophages (AMs), in key axes regulating the development of COPD or NSCLC phenotypes in response to harmful agents. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that influence most biological processes and interfere with several regulatory pathways. The purpose of this study was to assess miRNA expression patterns in patients with COPD, NSCLC, and ever- or never-smoker controls to explore their involvement in smoking-related diseases. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens were collected from a prospective cohort of 43 sex-matched subjects to determine the expressions of hsa-miR-223-5p, 16-5p, 20a-5p, -17-5p, 34a-5p and 106a-5p by RT-PCR. In addition, a bioinformatic analysis of miRNA target genes linked to cancer was performed. Distinct and common miRNA expression levels were identified in each pathological group, suggesting their possible role as an index of NSCLC or COPD microenvironment. Moreover, we identified miRNA targets linked to carcinogenesis using in silico analysis. In conclusion, this study identified miRNA signatures in AMs, allowing us to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying smoking-related conditions and potentially providing new insights for diagnosis or pharmacological treatment.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Gene and Cell Therapy)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Design, In Vitro Evaluation and In Vivo Biocompatibility of Additive Manufacturing Three-Dimensional Printing of β beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration
by
José Javier Llorente, Luis Junquera, Lorena Gallego, Marcos Pérez-Basterrechea, Luis Ignacio Suárez and Santiago Llorente
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1049; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051049 - 9 May 2024
Abstract
The reconstruction of bone deficiencies remains a challenge due to the limitations of autologous bone grafting. The objective of this study is to evaluate the bone regeneration efficacy of additive manufacturing of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) implants using lithography-based ceramic manufacturing (LCM). LCM uses
[...] Read more.
The reconstruction of bone deficiencies remains a challenge due to the limitations of autologous bone grafting. The objective of this study is to evaluate the bone regeneration efficacy of additive manufacturing of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) implants using lithography-based ceramic manufacturing (LCM). LCM uses LithaBone TCP 300 slurry for 3D printing, producing cylindrical scaffolds. Four models of internal scaffold geometry were developed and compared. The in vitro studies included cell culture, differentiation, seeding, morphological studies and detection of early osteogenesis. The in vivo studies involved 42 Wistar rats divided into four groups (control, membrane, scaffold (TCP) and membrane with TCP). In each animal, unilateral right mandibular defects with a total thickness of 5 mm were surgically performed. The animals were sacrificed 3 and 6 months after surgery. Bone neoformation was evaluated by conventional histology, radiology, and micro-CT. Model A (spheres with intersecting and aligned arrays) showed higher penetration and interconnection. Histological and radiological analysis by micro-CT revealed increased bone formation in the grafted groups, especially when combined with a membrane. Our innovative 3D printing technology, combined with precise scaffold design and efficient cleaning, shows potential for bone regeneration. However, further refinement of the technique and long-term clinical studies are crucial to establish the safety and efficacy of these advanced 3D printed scaffolds in human patients.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research in Tissue Engineering and Cellular Culture and Their Applications)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Burning Mouth Syndrome Treated with Low-Level Laser and Clonazepam: A Randomized, Single-Blind Clinical Trial
by
Ana Garcia Martinez, Pia Lopez-Jornet, Luis Pardo Marin, Eduardo Pons-Fuster and Asta Tvarijonaviciute
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1048; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051048 - 9 May 2024
Abstract
Objective: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic pain disorder characterized by intraoral burning or dysaesthetic sensation, with the absence of any identifiable lesions. Numerous treatments for BMS have been investigated, though without conclusive results. An analysis was conducted of the efficacy of
[...] Read more.
Objective: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic pain disorder characterized by intraoral burning or dysaesthetic sensation, with the absence of any identifiable lesions. Numerous treatments for BMS have been investigated, though without conclusive results. An analysis was conducted of the efficacy of treatment with a low-level diode laser and clonazepam in patients with BMS, and a study was carried out on the levels of different salivary biomarkers before and after treatment. Material and methods: A randomized, single-blind clinical trial was carried out involving 89 patients divided into the following groups: group 1 (laser, The Helbo® Theralite Laser 3D Pocket Probe + clonazepam) (n = 20), group 2 (sham laser placebo) (n = 19), group 3 (laser) (n = 21) and group 4 (clonazepam) (n = 18). Symptom intensity was scored based on a visual analogue scale (VAS). Sialometry was performed before and after treatment, and the Xerostomia Inventory, Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) and Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaires were administered. The following markers were measured in saliva samples: interleukins (IL2, IL4, IL5, IL6, IL7, IL8, IL1β, IL10, IL12, IL13, IL17, IL21 and IL23), proteins (MIP-3α, MIP-1α and MIP-1β), GM-CSF, interferon gamma (IFNγ), interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant (ITAC), fractalkine and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Results: A significant decrease in the VAS scores was observed after treatment in group 1 (laser + clonazepam) (p = 0.029) and group 3 (laser) (p = 0.005). In turn, group 3 (laser) showed a decrease in the salivary concentration of fractalkine (p = 0.025); interleukins IL12 (p = 0.048), IL17 (p = 0.020), IL21 (p = 0.008), IL7 (p = 0.001) and IL8 (p = 0.007); proteins MIP1α (p = 0.048) and MIP1β (p = 0.047); and TNFα (p = 0.047) versus baseline. Following treatment, group 1 (laser + clonazepam) showed significant differences in IL21 (p = 0.045) and IL7 (p = 0.009) versus baseline, while group 4 (clonazepam) showed significant differences in IL13 (p = 0.036), IL2 (p = 0.020) and IL4 (p = 0.001). No significant differences were recorded in group 2 (sham laser placebo). Conclusions: The low-level diode laser is a good treatment option in BMS, resulting in a decrease in patient symptoms and in salivary biomarkers. However, standardization of the intervention protocols and laser intensity parameters is needed in order to draw more firm conclusions.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Genetics and Genetic Diseases)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
First Report of the Prevalence at Baseline and after 1-Year Follow-Up of Treatable Traits in Interstitial Lung Diseases
by
Francesco Amati, Anna Stainer, Giacomo Maruca, Maria De Santis, Giuseppe Mangiameli, Chiara Torrisi, Paola Bossi, Veronica Polelli, Francesco Blasi, Carlo Selmi, Giuseppe Marulli, Luca Balzarini, Luigi Maria Terracciano, Roberto Gatti and Stefano Aliberti
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1047; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051047 - 9 May 2024
Abstract
Different factors, not limited to the lung, influence the progression of ILDs. A “treatable trait” strategy was recently proposed for ILD patients as a precision model of care to improve outcomes. However, no data have been published so far on the prevalence of
[...] Read more.
Different factors, not limited to the lung, influence the progression of ILDs. A “treatable trait” strategy was recently proposed for ILD patients as a precision model of care to improve outcomes. However, no data have been published so far on the prevalence of TTs in ILD. A prospective, observational, cohort study was conducted within the ILD Program at the IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital (Milan, Italy) between November 2021 and November 2023. TTs were selected according to recent literature and assigned during multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) to one of the following categories: pulmonary, etiological, comorbidities, and lifestyle. Patients were further divided into four groups according to their post-MDD diagnosis: idiopathic ILD, sarcoidosis, connective tissue disease–ILD, and other ILD. The primary study outcome was the prevalence of each TT in the study population. A total of 116 patients with ILD [63.9% male; median (IQR) age: 69 (54–78) years] were included in the study. All the TTs identified in the literature were found in our cohort, except for intractable chronic cough. We also recognized differences in TTs across the ILD groups, with less TTs in patients with sarcoidosis. This analysis provides the first ancillary characterization of TTs in ILD patients in a real setting to date.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phenotypes and Endotypes in Interstitial Lung Diseases)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Enhancing Osteogenic Potential: Controlled Release of Dopamine D1 Receptor Agonist SKF38393 Compared to Free Administration
by
Yunwei Hua, Chenxi Wang, Xiyuan Ge and Ye Lin
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1046; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051046 - 9 May 2024
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disorder and is characterized by decreased bone density, which has a relationship with the quality of life among the aging population. Previous research has found that activation of the dopamine D1 receptor can improve bone mass
[...] Read more.
Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disorder and is characterized by decreased bone density, which has a relationship with the quality of life among the aging population. Previous research has found that activation of the dopamine D1 receptor can improve bone mass formation. SKF38393 is an agonist of dopamine D1 receptors. However, as a small-molecule drug, SKF38393 is unstable and releases quickly. The aim of this study was to prototype polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)/SKF38393 microspheres and assess their potential osteogenic effects compared to those under the free administration of SKF38393. The cytocompatibility of PLGA/SKF38393 was determined via CCK-8 and live/dead cell staining; the osteogenic effects in vitro were determined with ALP and alizarin red staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting; and the in vivo effects were assessed using 25 Balb/c mice. We also used a PCR array to explore the possible signaling pathway changes after employing PLGA/SKF38393. Our experiments demonstrated that the osteogenic effect of D1Rs activated by the PLGA/SKF38393 microsphere was better than that under free administration, both in vitro and in vivo. According to the PCR array, this result might be associated with six signaling pathways (graphical abstract). Ultimately, in this study, we prototyped PLGA/SKF38393, demonstrated its effectiveness, and preliminarily analyzed its mechanism of action.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Neurobiology and Clinical Neuroscience)
►▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Computational Insights into the Interplay of Mechanical Forces in Angiogenesis
by
Ana Guerra, Jorge Belinha, Christiane Salgado, Fernando Jorge Monteiro and Renato Natal Jorge
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1045; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051045 - 9 May 2024
Abstract
This study employs a meshless computational model to investigate the impacts of compression and traction on angiogenesis, exploring their effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) diffusion and subsequent capillary network formation. Three distinct initial domain geometries were defined to simulate variations in
[...] Read more.
This study employs a meshless computational model to investigate the impacts of compression and traction on angiogenesis, exploring their effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) diffusion and subsequent capillary network formation. Three distinct initial domain geometries were defined to simulate variations in endothelial cell sprouting and VEGF release. Compression and traction were applied, and the ensuing effects on VEGF diffusion coefficients were analysed. Compression promoted angiogenesis, increasing capillary network density. The reduction in the VEGF diffusion coefficient under compression altered VEGF concentration, impacting endothelial cell migration patterns. The findings were consistent across diverse simulation scenarios, demonstrating the robust influence of compression on angiogenesis. This computational study enhances our understanding of the intricate interplay between mechanical forces and angiogenesis. Compression emerges as an effective mediator of angiogenesis, influencing VEGF diffusion and vascular pattern. These insights may contribute to innovative therapeutic strategies for angiogenesis-related disorders, fostering tissue regeneration and addressing diseases where angiogenesis is crucial.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Angiogenesis)
►▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Long-Term Structural Changes in the Osteochondral Unit in Patients with Osteoarthritis Undergoing Corrective Osteotomy with Platelet-Rich Plasma or Stromal Vascular Fraction Post-Treatment
by
Aleksey Prizov, Elena Tchetina, Aleksey Volkov, Ilya Eremin, Nikolay Zagorodniy, Fedor Lazko, Andrey Pulin, Evgeniy Belyak, Konstantin Kotenko, Gulnora Eshmotova, Svetlana Glukhova and Aleksandr Lila
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1044; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051044 - 9 May 2024
Abstract
This pilot study examined the long-term structural changes in the osteochondral unit of 20 patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) who underwent high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and received post-treatment with either platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or stromal vascular fraction (SVF). Ten patients were injected with
[...] Read more.
This pilot study examined the long-term structural changes in the osteochondral unit of 20 patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) who underwent high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and received post-treatment with either platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or stromal vascular fraction (SVF). Ten patients were injected with autologous PRP (PRP subgroup), while another ten patients received autologous SVF (SVF subgroup) six weeks after surgery and were monitored for 18 months. Histological samples of bone and cartilage (2 mm in diameter and 2 cm long) were taken from tibial and femoral sites during surgery and 18-month post-HTO, and morphometric analyses were conducted using Mega-Morf12 software. Both post-treatment resulted in an increase in articular cartilage height at both sites (p < 0.001 in the tibia and femur), indicating positive outcomes. Significant improvements in subchondral and trabecular bone architecture were also observed, with SVF injection showing higher reparative capacity in terms of bone volume (p < 0.001 for the tibia and p = 0.004 for the femur), subchondral bone height (p < 0.001 for the tibia and p = 0.014 for the femur), trabecular bone volume (p < 0.001 for the femur), and intertrabecular space (p = 0.009 for the tibia and p = 0.007 for the femur). This pilot study, for the first time, demonstrates that HTO surgery combined with PRP and SVF post-treatments can lead to significant enhancements in knee articular cartilage and bone architecture in KOA patients, with SVF showing higher regenerative potential. These findings may contribute to improving treatment strategies for better clinical outcomes in HTO therapy for patients with KOA.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Musculoskeletal Diseases: From Molecular Basis to Therapy (Volume II))
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Serum Adiponectin Predicts COVID-19 Severity
by
Vlad Pavel, Ulrich Räth, Stephan Schmid, Sabrina Krautbauer, Dennis Keller, Pablo Amend, Martina Müller, Patricia Mester and Christa Buechler
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1043; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051043 - 9 May 2024
Abstract
Adiponectin is primarily known for its protective role in metabolic diseases, and it also possesses immunoregulatory properties. Elevated levels of adiponectin have been observed in various inflammatory diseases. However, studies investigating adiponectin levels in the serum of COVID-19 patients have yielded conflicting results.
[...] Read more.
Adiponectin is primarily known for its protective role in metabolic diseases, and it also possesses immunoregulatory properties. Elevated levels of adiponectin have been observed in various inflammatory diseases. However, studies investigating adiponectin levels in the serum of COVID-19 patients have yielded conflicting results. This study aimed to assess serum adiponectin levels in 26 healthy controls, as well as in 64 patients with moderate and 60 patients with severe COVID-19, to determine a potential association between serum adiponectin and the severity of COVID-19. Serum adiponectin levels in severe COVID-19 patients were significantly lower than in those with moderate disease and healthy controls, who exhibited similar serum adiponectin levels. Among patients with moderate disease, positive correlations were observed between serum adiponectin and C-reactive protein levels. Of note, serum adiponectin levels of severe COVID-19 cases were comparable between patients with and without dialysis or vasopressor therapy. Superinfection with bacteria did not exert a notable influence on serum adiponectin levels in patients with severe disease. Patients who were diagnosed with severe COVID-19 and vancomycin-resistant enterococci bacteremia showed a significant reduction in their serum adiponectin levels. An analysis conducted on the entire cohort, including both moderate and severe COVID-19 patients, showed that individuals who did not survive had lower serum adiponectin levels when compared to those who survived. In summary, this study highlights a decrease in serum adiponectin levels in severe COVID-19 cases, indicating the potential utility of adiponectin as an additional biomarker for monitoring disease severity in COVID-19 or critical illnesses in general.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Adipokines—2nd Edition)
►▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
The Expression of Adipogenic Marker Is Significantly Increased in Estrogen-Treated Lipedema Adipocytes Differentiated from Adipose Stem Cells In Vitro
by
Sara Al-Ghadban, Spencer U. Isern, Karen L. Herbst and Bruce A. Bunnell
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1042; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051042 - 9 May 2024
Abstract
Lipedema is a chronic, idiopathic, and painful disease characterized by an excess of adipose tissue in the extremities. The goal of this study is to characterize the gene expression of estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), and ER-metabolizing enzymes:
[...] Read more.
Lipedema is a chronic, idiopathic, and painful disease characterized by an excess of adipose tissue in the extremities. The goal of this study is to characterize the gene expression of estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), and ER-metabolizing enzymes: hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase (HSD17B1, 7, B12), cytochrome P450 (CYP19A1), hormone-sensitive lipase (LIPE), enzyme steroid sulfatase (STS), and estrogen sulfotransferase (SULT1E1), which are markers in Body Mass Index (BMI) and age-matched non-lipedema (healthy) and lipedema ASCs and spheroids. Flow cytometry and cellular proliferation assays, RT-PCR, and Western Blot techniques were used to determine the expression of ERs and estrogen-metabolizing enzymes. In 2D monolayer culture, estrogen increased the proliferation and the expression of the mesenchymal marker, CD73, in hormone-depleted (HD) healthy ASCs compared to lipedema ASCs. The expression of ERβ was significantly increased in HD lipedema ASCs and spheroids compared to corresponding healthy cells. In contrast, ERα and GPER gene expression was significantly decreased in estrogen-treated lipedema spheroids. CYP19A1 and LIPE gene expressions were significantly increased in estrogen-treated healthy ASCs and spheroids, respectively, while estrogen upregulated the expression of PPAR-ϒ2 and ERα in estrogen-treated lipedema-differentiated adipocytes and spheroids. These results indicate that estrogen may play a role in adipose tissue dysregulation in lipedema.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Gene and Cell Therapy)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessReview
Recent Advancements in Research on DNA Methylation and Testicular Germ Cell Tumors: Unveiling the Intricate Relationship
by
Alina-Teodora Nicu, Ileana Paula Ionel, Ileana Stoica, Liliana Burlibasa and Viorel Jinga
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1041; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051041 - 8 May 2024
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are the most common type of testicular cancer, with a particularly high incidence in the 15–45-year age category. Although highly treatable, resistance to therapy sometimes occurs, with devastating consequences for the patients. Additionally, the young age at diagnosis
[...] Read more.
Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are the most common type of testicular cancer, with a particularly high incidence in the 15–45-year age category. Although highly treatable, resistance to therapy sometimes occurs, with devastating consequences for the patients. Additionally, the young age at diagnosis and the treatment itself pose a great threat to patients’ fertility. Despite extensive research concerning genetic and environmental risk factors, little is known about TGCT etiology. However, epigenetics has recently come into the spotlight as a major factor in TGCT initiation, progression, and even resistance to treatment. As such, recent studies have been focusing on epigenetic mechanisms, which have revealed their potential in the development of novel, non-invasive biomarkers. As the most studied epigenetic mechanism, DNA methylation was the first revelation in this particular field, and it continues to be a main target of investigations as research into its association with TGCT has contributed to a better understanding of this type of cancer and constantly reveals novel aspects that can be exploited through clinical applications. In addition to biomarker development, DNA methylation holds potential for developing novel treatments based on DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTis) and may even be of interest for fertility management in cancer survivors. This manuscript is structured as a literature review, which comprehensively explores the pivotal role of DNA methylation in the pathogenesis, progression, and treatment resistance of TGCTs.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urogenital Cancers: New Molecular and Translational Aspects on Carcinogenesis and Treatments)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Dysbiosis Signature of Fecal Microbiota in Patients with Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma and Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms
by
Theodoros Sidiropoulos, Nikolas Dovrolis, Hector Katifelis, Nikolaos V. Michalopoulos, Panagiotis Kokoropoulos, Nikolaos Arkadopoulos and Maria Gazouli
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1040; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051040 - 8 May 2024
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) ranks as the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with approximately 500,000 new cases reported in 2020. Existing strategies for early PC detection primarily target individuals at high risk of developing the disease. Nevertheless, there is a pressing need to
[...] Read more.
Pancreatic cancer (PC) ranks as the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with approximately 500,000 new cases reported in 2020. Existing strategies for early PC detection primarily target individuals at high risk of developing the disease. Nevertheless, there is a pressing need to identify innovative clinical approaches and personalized treatments for effective PC management. This study aimed to explore the dysbiosis signature of the fecal microbiota in PC and potential distinctions between its Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) phenotypes, which could carry diagnostic significance. The study enrolled 33 participants, including 22 diagnosed with PDAC, 11 with IPMN, and 24 healthy controls. Fecal samples were collected and subjected to microbial diversity analysis across various taxonomic levels. The findings revealed elevated abundances of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in PC patients, whereas healthy controls exhibited higher proportions of Bacteroidota. Both LEfSe and Random Forest analyses indicated the microbiome’s potential to effectively distinguish between PC and healthy control samples but fell short of differentiating between IPMN and PDAC samples. These results contribute to the current understanding of this challenging cancer type and highlight the applications of microbiome research. In essence, the study provides clear evidence of the gut microbiome’s capability to serve as a biomarker for PC detection, emphasizing the steps required for further differentiation among its diverse phenotypes.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Cancer Biology and Oncology)
Open AccessArticle
The Association between Urine N-Glycome and Prognosis after Initial Therapy for Primary Prostate Cancer
by
Tijl Vermassen, Nicolaas Lumen, Charles Van Praet, Nico Callewaert, Joris Delanghe and Sylvie Rottey
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1039; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051039 - 8 May 2024
Abstract
Next to prostate-specific antigen, no biochemical biomarkers have been implemented to guide patient follow-up after primary therapy for localized prostate cancer (PCa). We evaluated the prognostic potential of urine N-glycome in terms of event-free survival (EFS) in patients undergoing primary therapy for
[...] Read more.
Next to prostate-specific antigen, no biochemical biomarkers have been implemented to guide patient follow-up after primary therapy for localized prostate cancer (PCa). We evaluated the prognostic potential of urine N-glycome in terms of event-free survival (EFS) in patients undergoing primary therapy for PCa. The prognostic features of the urine N-glycosylation profile at diagnosis, assessed in 77 PCa patients, were determined in terms of EFS next to standard clinical parameters. The majority of patients were diagnosed with International Society of Urological Pathology grade ≤ 3 (82%) T1–2 tumors (79%) and without pelvic lymph node invasion (96%). The patients underwent active surveillance (14%), robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (48%), or external beam radiotherapy (37%). Decreased ratios of biantennary core-fucosylation were noted in patients who developed an event, which was linked to a shorter EFS in both the intention-to-treat cohort and all subcohort analyses. Combining the urine N-glycan biomarker with the D’Amico Risk Classification for PCa resulted in an improved nomogram for patient classification after primary therapy. The rate of urine N-glycan biantennary core-fucosylation, typically linked to more aggressive disease status, is lower in patients who eventually developed an event following primary therapy and subsequently in patients with a worse EFS. The combination of urine N-glycan biomarkers together with clinical parameters could, therefore, improve the post-therapy follow-up of patients with PCa.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Glycomics in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Cancers)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Journal Menu
► ▼ Journal Menu-
- Biomedicines Home
- Aims & Scope
- Editorial Board
- Reviewer Board
- Topical Advisory Panel
- Instructions for Authors
- Special Issues
- Topics
- Sections & Collections
- Article Processing Charge
- Indexing & Archiving
- Editor’s Choice Articles
- Most Cited & Viewed
- Journal Statistics
- Journal History
- Journal Awards
- Society Collaborations
- Conferences
- Editorial Office
Journal Browser
► ▼ Journal BrowserHighly Accessed Articles
Latest Books
E-Mail Alert
News
Topics
Topic in
Biomedicines, Cancers, JFB, Nanomaterials, Polymers
Advanced Functional Materials for Regenerative Medicine
Topic Editors: Antonino Morabito, Luca ValentiniDeadline: 6 June 2024
Topic in
Biomedicines, Current Oncology, Diagnostics, Gastrointestinal Disorders, JCM
Advances in Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: From Physiological Mechanisms to Clinical Practice
Topic Editors: Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone, Gian Paolo CavigliaDeadline: 20 June 2024
Topic in
BioChem, Biomedicines, Biomolecules, IJMS, Metabolites, Molecules
Natural Products in Prevention and Therapy of Metabolic Syndrome
Topic Editors: Jianbo Wan, Ligen LinDeadline: 30 June 2024
Topic in
Cancers, Diagnostics, JCM, Current Oncology, Gastrointestinal Disorders, Biomedicines
Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases: Novel Strategies of Diagnosis and Treatments
Topic Editors: Alessandro Coppola, Damiano Caputo, Roberta Angelico, Domenech Asbun, Chiara MazzarelliDeadline: 20 July 2024
Conferences
Special Issues
Special Issue in
Biomedicines
The IGF2-Regulated Cellular- and Genetic Network in Physiology and Disease: A Call to Action
Guest Editor: Pierluigi ScaliaDeadline: 15 May 2024
Special Issue in
Biomedicines
Advances in Therapeutic Strategies in Gynecological Malignant Tumors
Guest Editor: Alberto FarolfiDeadline: 31 May 2024
Special Issue in
Biomedicines
Drugs Targeting the Disease Progression, Cognitive Impairment, Anxiety and Other Co-morbidities in Epilepsy: From Bench to Bedside
Guest Editors: Diana Cunha-Reis, Paulo Correia-de-SáDeadline: 15 June 2024
Special Issue in
Biomedicines
Advanced Research in Tissue Engineering and Cellular Culture and Their Applications
Guest Editors: Victor Palarie, Peer Wolfgang KämmererDeadline: 30 June 2024
Topical Collections
Topical Collection in
Biomedicines
OMICs and Complex Diseases
Collection Editors: Mostafa Dianatinasab, Anke Wesselius, Amin Salehi-Abargouei
Topical Collection in
Biomedicines
Feature Papers in Cancer Biology and Therapeutics
Collection Editor: Veronique Baud
Topical Collection in
Biomedicines
Feature Papers in Gene and Cell Therapy
Collection Editor: Bernard Lebleu
Topical Collection in
Biomedicines
Feature Papers in Microbiology in Human Health and Disease
Collection Editor: Ryota Niikura