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Horticulturae
Special Issues
Horticultural Production under Drought Stress
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Horticultural Production under Drought Stress

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Biotic and Abiotic Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 May 2024 | Viewed by 938

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Snežana M. Milošević

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Guest Editor
Department for Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: plant biotechnology; tissue and organ culture; plant physiology; plant responses to abiotic and biotic stress; oxidative stress; genetic transformation
Dr. Marija Đurić

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Guest Editor
Department for Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: plant responses to abiotic stress factors; drought stress; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen species; antioxidative system defence; molecular biology of plants; gene expression.
Dr. Angelina R. Subotic

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department for Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: plant physiology; plant biotechnology; plant cell, tissue and organ culture; Agrobacterium mediated plant transformation; abiotic stress tolerance; plant molecular biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to present this Special Issue, titled “Horticultural Production under Drought Stress”. Drought stress is one of the most severe abiotic stress factors, and its negative impact on horticultural production worldwide is enormous. Due to the threat of global climate change, drought is leading to a reduction in the growth, yield, and quality of many important horticultural plants (ornamentals, fruits, vegetables, medicinal plants). Despite the visible morphological changes in plant growth and development under drought, it is crucial to understand the physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of plants in order to obtain a comprehensive and clear picture and identify alternative strategies to improve drought tolerance. Depending on the genotype (less or more tolerant), plants use different strategies to cope with drought stress by modulating the shoot–root ratio, osmotic adjustment, biosynthesis of stress proteins, protection by the antioxidant system, and the signaling pathways involved in the stress response.

This Special Issue aims to present novel research papers on horticultural production under drought, along with methods and strategies for enhancing plant drought tolerance. Research papers on various horticultural plants exposed to drought under controlled conditions or in the field can be submitted to this Special Issue. Studies could address the responses of horticultural plants to drought at different levels: morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular. In addition, this Special Issue aims to highlight the importance and benefits of research using different approaches to improve the drought tolerance of horticultural plants. We look forward to receiving research articles and reviews dealing with horticultural production and improvement under drought stress.

Dr. Snežana M. Milošević
Dr. Marija Đurić
Dr. Angelina R. Subotic
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • soil water irrigation
  • oxidative stress
  • antioxidants
  • osmotic adjustment
  • photosynthesis
  • gene expression
  • transcriptomic
  • secondary metabolism
  • drought-tolerance improvement

Published Papers (2 papers)

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18 pages, 1196 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Deficit Irrigation on the Agronomic Performance and Chemical Composition of Scolymus hispanicus L.
by Nikolaos Polyzos, Beatriz H. Paschoalinotto, Tânia C. S. P. Pires, Mikel Añibarro-Ortega, Ricardo Calhelha, Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira, Maria Inês Dias, Lillian Barros and Spyridon A. Petropoulos
Horticulturae 2024, 10(5), 479; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10050479 - 7 May 2024
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Abstract
In the current study, the effects of drought stress on the growth and phytochemical profile of Scolymus hispanicus L. (a.k.a. golden thistle) were evaluated. Plants were treated with three irrigation regimes, e.g., plants that received only rainwater (Control; C), deficit irrigation (I1; 50% [...] Read more.
In the current study, the effects of drought stress on the growth and phytochemical profile of Scolymus hispanicus L. (a.k.a. golden thistle) were evaluated. Plants were treated with three irrigation regimes, e.g., plants that received only rainwater (Control; C), deficit irrigation (I1; 50% of field capacity (FC)), and full irrigation (Ι2; 100% of FC). The fresh weight of the rosette of leaves was not negatively impacted by deficit irrigation, whereas root development was severely restrained compared to control and I2 treatments. Drought stress conditions had a positive effect on the nutritional properties of the golden thistle since the treatments of control and deficit irrigation showed the highest content of macronutrients and energy. Oxalic acid was the richest organic acid, especially under the I1 regime. Similarly, α-tocopherol was the only identified vitamin E isoform, whose content was also doubled in I1 treatment. Raffinose, glucose, and sucrose were the most abundant free sugars in amounts that varied among the irrigation treatments, while the total and distinct free sugar content was the highest for the I1 treatment. The most abundant detected fatty acid compounds were α-linolenic acid, followed by palmitic and linoleic acid, with the highest amount being detected in C, I1, and I2 treatments, respectively. Flavonoids were the only class of polyphenols detected in golden thistle leaves, including mostly kaempferol and quercetin derivatives. The greatest antioxidant potency was shown for the control and I1 treatments (for OxHLIA and TBARS methods, respectively). The evaluated leaf samples recorded a varied antimicrobial effect for the different bacterial strains and fungi, whereas no cytotoxic, hepatotoxic, and anti-inflammatory effects against the tested cell lines were recorded. Finally, the mineral content of leaves was significantly affected by the irrigation regime, with Ca, Mg, Cu, and Zn being the highest for the I1 treatment, while the I2 treatment had the highest content of K, Fe, and Mn and the lowest Na content. In conclusion, deficit irrigation showed promising results since it improved the phytochemical content without compromising the fresh weight of leaves, and thus it could be suggested as a sustainable agronomic practice for producing high-added value products without significant constraints in growth development and yield parameters of golden thistle. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Horticultural Production under Drought Stress)
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10 pages, 2336 KiB  
Brief Report
Precision Phenotyping of Wild Rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia) to Determine Morpho-Physiological Responses under Increasing Drought Stress Levels Using the PlantEye Multispectral 3D System
by Pasquale Tripodi, Cono Vincenzo, Accursio Venezia, Annalisa Cocozza and Catello Pane
Horticulturae 2024, 10(5), 496; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10050496 - 11 May 2024
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Abstract
The PlantEye multispectral scanner is an optoelectrical sensor automatically applied to a mechatronic platform that allows the non-destructive, accurate, and high-throughput detection of morphological and physiological plant parameters. In this study, we describe how the advanced phenotyping platform precisely assesses changes in plant [...] Read more.
The PlantEye multispectral scanner is an optoelectrical sensor automatically applied to a mechatronic platform that allows the non-destructive, accurate, and high-throughput detection of morphological and physiological plant parameters. In this study, we describe how the advanced phenotyping platform precisely assesses changes in plant architecture and growth parameters of wild rocket salad (Diplotaxis tenuifolia L. [DC.]) under drought stress conditions. Four different irrigation supply levels from moderate to severe, required to keep 100, 70, 50, and 30% of the water-holding capacity, were adopted. Growth rate and plant architecture were recorded through the digital measure of biomass, leaf area, Canopy Light Penetration Depth, five convex hull traits, plant height, Surface Angle Average, and Voxel Volume Total. Vegetation color assessments included hue, lightness, and saturation. Vegetation and senescence indices were calculated from canopy reflectance in the red (620–645 nm), green (530–540 nm), blue (peak wavelength 460–485 nm), near-infrared (820–850 nm), and 3D laser (940 nm) ranges. The temperature, relative humidity, and solar radiation of the environment were also recorded. Overall, morphological parameters, color, multispectral data, and vegetation indices provided over 7200 data points through daily scans over three weeks of cultivation. Although a general decrease in growth parameters with increasing stress severity was observed, plants were able to maintain the same morpho-physiological performances as the control during the early growth stages, keeping both 70% and 50% of the total water-holding capacity. Among indices, the Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) contributed the most to the differentiation between different stress levels during the cultivation cycle. Across the 3 weeks of growth, statistically significant differences were observed for all traits except for the Saturation Average. Comparisons with respect to the control highlighted the strong impact of drought stress on morphological plant traits. This study provided meaningful insights into the health status of wild rocket salad under increasing drought stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Horticultural Production under Drought Stress)
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