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Mycotoxin Contamination and Control in Food
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Mycotoxin Contamination and Control in Food

A special issue of Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 1950

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Selma Pascale Snini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31326 Toulouse, France
Interests: microbiology; mycotoxigenic fungi; mycotoxin; biocontrol; food safety
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Florence Mathieu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31326 Toulouse, France
Interests: microbiology; microbial interaction; mycotoxigenic fungi; mycotoxin; biocontrol; food safety
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites that contaminate many feed and food matrices and have deleterious effects on humans and animals. Due to their high thermal and chemical stability, it is very difficult, if not impossible, to remove mycotoxins from contaminated matrices without compromising their quality. Thus, it is necessary to limit their occurrence as early as possible. Moreover, mycotoxin problems affect all regions of the world, and their distribution is changing as a consequence of climate change.

The focus of this Special Issue of Toxins is on the most recent studies examining methods to control contamination in food end feed matrices. Manuscripts that provide data on the occurrence of mycotoxins in raw materials and their persistence during food processing are invited for submission. Works on innovative methods in food control leading to a reduction in mycotoxin concentration are also welcome. Particular attention will be devoted to works highlighting the modes of action allowing a reduction in mycotoxin concentration in the final products.

Dr. Selma Pascale Snini
Prof. Dr. Florence Mathieu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Fungi is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • mycotoxins
  • mycotoxigenic fungi
  • food/feed chains
  • food safety
  • preventive approaches
  • curative approaches
  • biocontrol methods

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 4853 KiB  
Article
The Aspergillus flavus hacA Gene in the Unfolded Protein Response Pathway Is a Candidate Target for Host-Induced Gene Silencing
by Perng-Kuang Chang
J. Fungi 2024, 10(10), 719; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100719 - 16 Oct 2024
Viewed by 687
Abstract
Fungal HacA/Hac1 transcription factors play a crucial role in regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR helps cells to maintain endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein homeostasis, which is critical for growth, development, and virulence. The Aspergillus flavus hacA gene encodes a domain rich [...] Read more.
Fungal HacA/Hac1 transcription factors play a crucial role in regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR helps cells to maintain endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein homeostasis, which is critical for growth, development, and virulence. The Aspergillus flavus hacA gene encodes a domain rich in basic and acidic amino acids (Bsc) and a basic leucine zipper (bZip) domain, and features a non-conventional intron (Nt20). In this study, CRISPR/Cas9 was utilized to dissect the Bsc-coding, bZip-coding, and Nt20 sequences to elucidate the relationship between genotype and phenotype. In the Bsc and bZip experimental sets, all observed mutations in both coding sequences were in frame, suggesting that out-of-frame mutations are lethal. The survival rate of transformants in the Nt20 experiment set was low, at approximately 7%. Mutations in the intron primarily consisted of out-of-frame insertions and deletions. In addition to the wild-type-like conidial morphology, the mutants exhibited varied colony morphologies, including sclerotial, mixed (conidial and sclerotial), and mycelial morphologies. An ER stress test using dithiothreitol revealed that the sclerotial and mycelial mutants were much more sensitive than the conidial mutants. Additionally, the mycelial mutants were unable to produce aflatoxin but still produced aspergillic acid and kojic acid. RNAi experiments targeting the region encompassing Bsc and bZip indicated that transformant survival rates generally decreased, with a small number of transformants displaying phenotypic changes. Defects in the hacA gene at the DNA and transcript levels affected the survival, growth, and development of A. flavus. Thus, this gene may serve as a promising target for future host-induced gene-silencing strategies aimed at controlling infection and reducing aflatoxin contamination in crops. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mycotoxin Contamination and Control in Food)
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Review

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22 pages, 1583 KiB  
Review
Reduction in Ochratoxin A Occurrence in Coffee: From Good Practices to Biocontrol Agents
by Claudia López-Rodríguez, Carol Verheecke-Vaessen, Caroline Strub, Angélique Fontana, Sabine Schorr-Galindo and Angel Medina
J. Fungi 2024, 10(8), 590; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10080590 - 20 Aug 2024
Viewed by 904
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin mainly produced by Aspergillus section Circumdati and section Nigri across the coffee chain. OTA is nephrotoxic and is a threat to human health. This review summarizes current knowledge on how to reduce OTA concentration in coffee from [...] Read more.
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin mainly produced by Aspergillus section Circumdati and section Nigri across the coffee chain. OTA is nephrotoxic and is a threat to human health. This review summarizes current knowledge on how to reduce OTA concentration in coffee from farm to cup. After a brief introduction to the OTA occurrence in coffee, current good management practices are introduced. The core of this review focuses on biocontrol and microbial decontamination by lactic acid bacteria, yeasts and fungi, and their associated enzymes currently reported in the literature. Special attention is given to publications closest to in vivo applications of biocontrol agents and microbial OTA adsorption or degradation agents. Finally, this review provides an opinion on which future techniques to promote within the coffee supply chain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mycotoxin Contamination and Control in Food)
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