Reduced Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein (LBP) Levels Are Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Adipose Inflammation in Human Obesity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Serum LBP Predicts Greater Adiposity but Not Overt Metabolic Diseases and T2DM
2.2. LBP and NAFLD
2.3. LBP and Visceral Adipose Tissue Inflammation
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Study Population and Clinical Evaluations
4.2. Laboratory Procedures
4.3. Histology and Gene Expression Analyses
4.4. Statistics
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Clinical Parameters | Obese Subjects (n = 121) | Non-Obese Subjects (n = 65) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 46.5 ± 10.3 | 48 ± 10.5 | 0.35 |
Sex (female n, %) | 79, 65.3% | 26, 40% | <0.001 |
BMI (Kg/m2) | 40.7 ± 6.2 | 26.2 ± 2.5 | <0.001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 122.4 ± 14.8 | 92.1 ± 11.8 | <0.001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 130.1 ± 15.3 | 123.6 ± 14.5 | 0.01 |
DBP (mmHg) | 82.8 ± 9.1 | 78.7 ± 8 | 0.004 |
FBG (mg/dL) | 108.3 ± 31.4 | 113.8 ± 35.7 | 0.32 |
HbA1c (%, mmol/mol) | 5.9 ± 0.99, 41 ± 13 | 6.30 ± 0.6, 45 ± 17 | 0.01 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 191.3 ± 34.3 | 184.7 ± 36.3 | 0.25 |
HDL-c (mg/dL) | 47.6 ± 12 | 52.3 ± 14.3 | 0.03 |
LDL-c (mg/dL) | 113.7 ± 33.3 | 106.9 ± 32 | 0.20 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 142.2 ± 66.2 | 124.9 ± 71.2 | 0.11 |
AST (IU/L) | 25.9 ± 12.8 | 21.8 ± 10.7 | 0.03 |
ALT (IU/L) | 34.6 ± 23.4 | 27 ± 20.5 | 0.03 |
GGT (IU/L) | 32.1 ± 36 | 28.9 ± 26.3 | 0.54 |
CRP (mg/dL) | 4.7 ± 4.6 | 2 ± 3.1 | 0.01 |
LBP (μg/mL) | 33.4 ± 23.2 | 16.6 ± 10.7 | <0.001 |
Prevalence of T2DM (%) | 30.8% | 53.2% | 0.003 |
Prevalence of MS (%) | 80% | 40% | <0.001 |
β Coefficient | p-Value | Odds Ratio | 95% C.I. | |
---|---|---|---|---|
LBP (μg/mL) | −0.058 | <0.001 | 0.943 | 0.913–0.974 |
Age (years) | 0.069 | 0.002 | 1.072 | 1.026–1.120 |
Sex (male vs. female) | −1.541 | <0.001 | 0.214 | 0.089–0.517 |
Waist circumference (cm) | −0.020 | 0.219 | 0.980 | 0.950–1.012 |
Obesity (yes vs. no) | 0.500 | 0.440 | 1.648 | 0.464–5.854 |
β Coefficient | p-Value | Odds Ratio | 95% C.I. | |
---|---|---|---|---|
LBP (μg/mL) | −1.87 | 0.047 | 0.155 | 0.025–0.977 |
Age (years) | −0.042 | 0.497 | 0.958 | 0.848–1.083 |
Sex (male vs. female) | 1.390 | 0.096 | 10.121 | 0.669–154.46 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.211 | 0.157 | 1.235 | 0.922–1.655 |
T2DM diagnosis (yes vs. no) | −22.27 | 0.999 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
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Barchetta, I.; Cimini, F.A.; Sentinelli, F.; Chiappetta, C.; Di Cristofano, C.; Silecchia, G.; Leonetti, F.; Baroni, M.G.; Cavallo, M.G. Reduced Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein (LBP) Levels Are Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Adipose Inflammation in Human Obesity. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 17174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417174
Barchetta I, Cimini FA, Sentinelli F, Chiappetta C, Di Cristofano C, Silecchia G, Leonetti F, Baroni MG, Cavallo MG. Reduced Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein (LBP) Levels Are Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Adipose Inflammation in Human Obesity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(24):17174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417174
Chicago/Turabian StyleBarchetta, Ilaria, Flavia Agata Cimini, Federica Sentinelli, Caterina Chiappetta, Claudio Di Cristofano, Gianfranco Silecchia, Frida Leonetti, Marco Giorgio Baroni, and Maria Gisella Cavallo. 2023. "Reduced Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein (LBP) Levels Are Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Adipose Inflammation in Human Obesity" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 24: 17174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417174