From B-Mode to 3-D: State of the Art and Clinical Advances in Vascular Ultrasound

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 July 2024 | Viewed by 579

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistr. 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
Interests: vascular surgery; aortic aneurysm; aortic dissection; chronic wounds; peripheral arterial occlusive disease; vascular ultrasound; pediatric vascular surgery

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistr. 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
Interests: vascular surgery; aortic aneurysm; aortic dissection; chronic wounds; peripheral arterial occlusive disease; vascular ultrasound; pediatric vascular surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vascular ultrasound, also known as duplex ultrasonography or Doppler ultrasound, is a medical imaging technique that allows for the visualization and assessment of blood vessels. High-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) are directed into the body, and their reflections are used to create real-time images of blood flow within blood vessels. In addition, the Doppler effect allows for the measurement of blood velocity and direction. Advantages involve its non-invasive and pain-free character, the absence of ionizing radiation such as X-ray, the provision of real-time images allowing immediate assessment, and its ability to provide functional assessment (such as velocity, direction, resistance, and compressibility). On the other hand, the quality of the ultrasound depends on the skill on the investigator and is highly operator-dependent. In addition, it can be limited by patient factors such as obesity and anatomical factors such as deep vessels and cannot visualize vessels behind bone or air-filled structures. Nevertheless, vascular ultrasound has become routine in most medical disciplines for blood vessel assessment. It is the standard diagnostic tool for peripheral and supraaortic vascular diseases such as peripheral arterial occlusive disease and carotid artery stenosis, thrombosis and chronic venous insufficiency, and arteriovenous dialysis shunt assessment. It can be used pre-, intra-, and postoperatively. For special situations such as the postoperative control of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) after endovascular aortic repair (EVAR), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is an accepted alternative to computed tomography angiography. Another modern application mode is intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) used for special indications such as the localization of re-entries in aortic dissection or stent graft integrity assessment. Tomographic 3D ultrasound is still a novel feature which is being investigated for AAA and carotid artery stenosis assessment, although it is not yet used in clinical routine. The aim of this Special Issue is to present contemporary developments of vascular ultrasound, the wide range of indications of ultrasound, and new perspectives on how vascular ultrasound may change vascular diagnostic approaches in the future.

Dr. Philip Dueppers
Dr. Thomas Stadlbauer
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • abdominal aortic aneurysm
  • aortic dissection
  • contrast-enhanced ultrasound
  • intravascular ultrasound
  • carotid artery stenosis
  • vascular ultrasound
  • peripheral arterial occlusive disease
  • thrombosis
  • chronic venous insufficiency
  • arteriovenous shunt

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 644 KiB  
Article
Ultrasound Carotid Plaque Score and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease Assessed by Computed Tomography Angiography in Patients with Arterial Hypertension
by Andrzej Wysocki, Michał Fułek, Piotr Macek, Monika Michałek-Zrąbkowska, Krzysztof Kraik, Małgorzata Poręba, Katarzyna Fułek, Helena Martynowicz, Grzegorz Mazur, Paweł Gać and Rafał Poręba
Diagnostics 2024, 14(11), 1101; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14111101 - 25 May 2024
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the presence of atherosclerotic lesions in the carotid arteries detected by ultrasound and the occurrence of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries determined by computed tomography (CT) in patients with arterial hypertension (HTA). [...] Read more.
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the presence of atherosclerotic lesions in the carotid arteries detected by ultrasound and the occurrence of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries determined by computed tomography (CT) in patients with arterial hypertension (HTA). A total of 83 patients with HTA were qualified for the study (age: 71.3 ± 8.5 years). All subjects underwent carotid arteries ultrasound and coronary arteries CT. The carotid plaque score was assessed using ultrasound. The studied group was divided into two subgroups: a subgroup with the carotid plaque score ≤ 1 (A) and a subgroup with carotid plaque score ≥ 2 (B). Coronary arteries CT assessed coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and degree of coronary stenosis based on CAD-RADS. In subgroup B, a significantly higher CACS (411.3 ± 70.1 vs. 93.5 ± 31.8) and significantly higher grade in the CAD-RADS classification were demonstrated than in subgroup A (CAD-RADS ≥ 3: 21.8 vs. 6.0%). The regression analysis showed that carotid plaque score and age are independent risk factors for the severity of atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary arteries. In summary, ultrasound assessment of the carotid plaque score in patients with HTA could be considered as surrogate indicator of the risk and severity of atherosclerotic changes in the coronary arteries, but further studies are necessary to corroborate these results. Full article
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