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Energies
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Radiative Heat Transfer and Radiative Cooling
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Radiative Heat Transfer and Radiative Cooling

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "J1: Heat and Mass Transfer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 July 2022) | Viewed by 9529

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kang Luo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Aerospace Thermophysics, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Interests: electromagnetic flow and heat transfer; phase-change heat transfer; Lattice–Boltzmann simulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Heping Tan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Interests: radiative heat transfer; solar energy; radiative transfer; soalr receiver

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Thermal radiation has important applications in every aspect of our life. In recent years, improvements in the nano/microscale thermal radiation and radiative cooling technique have breathed new life to this field. Increasing attention has been focused on nano/microscale thermal radiation due to its potential application to thermal imaging, energy harvesting, nanomanufacturing, heat flow regulation, and local heating below the diffraction limit. Further, as a passive, effective, and renewable way of decreasing cooling energy requirements without power input, the radiative cooling technique has attracted considerable attention in the field of energy-saving applications.

This Special Issue is a dedicated outlet for up-to-date research on all aspects of radiative heat transfer. Theoretical papers, practical studies, and new methods are welcome, and we would particularly like to encourage papers on new theories and experimental setups of nano/microscale thermal radiation, and new materials and new applications for radiative cooling. Review papers that bring particularly helpful insights and capture up-to-date technological landscapes are also welcome.

Topics of particular interest include (but are not limited to):

  • High-accuracy/efficiency/stability numerical methods in radiative heat transfer;
  • Measurement of thermal radiative properties;
  • Radiative heat transfer coupled with conduction and convection;
  • Theory and numerical methods in near-field thermal radiation;
  • Measurement of near-field thermal radiation;
  • Thermal radiation from metamaterials, metasurfaces, and photonic crystals, surface polaritons;
  • Application of nano–micro radiation;
  • Solar energy harvesting and conversion;
  • Thermophotovoltaics;
  • Radiative properties of porous, disordered, and random structures, novel materials, and concepts for thermal radiation;
  • Radiative cooling technology and application developments in radiative cooling;
  • Photonic radiators and metamaterials;
  • The advanced materials and structures of various radiators.

Prof. Dr. Kang Luo
Prof. Dr. Heping Tan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Thermal radiation
  • Coupled heat transfer
  • Radiative cooling
  • Near-field radiation
  • Nano/microscale radiation
  • Solar energy
  • Radiative properties
  • Thermophotovoltaics
  • Photonic radiators

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4621 KiB  
Article
Ray Effects and False Scattering in Improved Discrete Ordinates Method
by Yong Cheng, Shuihua Yang and Zhifeng Huang
Energies 2021, 14(20), 6839; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14206839 - 19 Oct 2021
Viewed by 1558
Abstract
The improved discrete ordinates method (IDOM) developed in our previous paper is extended to solve radiative transfer in three-dimensional radiative systems with anisotropic scattering medium. In IDOM, radiative intensities in a large number of new discrete directions are calculated by direct integration of [...] Read more.
The improved discrete ordinates method (IDOM) developed in our previous paper is extended to solve radiative transfer in three-dimensional radiative systems with anisotropic scattering medium. In IDOM, radiative intensities in a large number of new discrete directions are calculated by direct integration of the conventional discrete ordinates method (DOM) results, and radiative heat flux is obtained by integrating radiative intensities in these new discrete directions. Ray effects and false scattering, which tend to compensate each other, are investigated together in IDOM. Results show that IDOM can mitigate both of them effectively with high computation efficiency. Finally, the effect of scattering phase function on radiative transfer is studied. Results of radiative heat flux at boundaries containing media with different scattering phase functions are compared and analyzed. This paper indicates that the IDOM can overcome the shortages of the conventional DOM well while inheriting its advantages such as high computation efficiency and easy implementation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radiative Heat Transfer and Radiative Cooling)
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16 pages, 278 KiB  
Article
Analytical Solution of Problems about the Radiative and Radiative–Conductive Stationary Heat Transfer in a Medium with an Arbitrary Dependence of the Scattering and Absorption on Frequency Boundary Conditions
by Eugene Shamparov, Sergey Rode, Anatoly Bugrimov and Inna Zhagrina
Energies 2021, 14(19), 6339; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14196339 - 4 Oct 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1214
Abstract
We defined a method for the analytical solution of problems on stationary radiative and radiative–conductive heat transfer in a medium with an arbitrary frequency dependence of absorption and scattering near its boundary. We obtained formulas for the heat conductance of the remote surface [...] Read more.
We defined a method for the analytical solution of problems on stationary radiative and radiative–conductive heat transfer in a medium with an arbitrary frequency dependence of absorption and scattering near its boundary. We obtained formulas for the heat conductance of the remote surface and the thickness of the radiative–conductive relaxation of the medium. We determined characteristics of radiant heat transfer from the medium to free space such as the radiation spectrum, the radiation temperature and the medium outer boundary temperature. In addition, we solved the problem on the radiative–conductive heat transfer from one of two parallel surfaces to another with a medium between them. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radiative Heat Transfer and Radiative Cooling)
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12 pages, 4055 KiB  
Article
Determination of the Radiation Exchange Factor in the Bundle of Steel Round Bars
by Rafał Wyczółkowski, Marek Gała, Stanisław Szwaja and Andrzej Piotrowski
Energies 2021, 14(17), 5263; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14175263 - 25 Aug 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1542
Abstract
A method to obtain a radiation exchange factor FR in the bundle of steel round bars is presented. This parameter is required for determination of the radiative thermal conductivity krd, which is one of the basic thermal properties of the [...] Read more.
A method to obtain a radiation exchange factor FR in the bundle of steel round bars is presented. This parameter is required for determination of the radiative thermal conductivity krd, which is one of the basic thermal properties of the bar bundles. In the presented approach, the analyzed parameter is calculated indirectly. The initial point for calculations is the geometric model of the medium defined as a unit cell. Then, for the elements present in this cell, the thermal resistance of both conduction and radiation is determined. The radiation resistance is calculated from the radiosity balance of the surfaces enclosing the analyzed system. On this basis, the radiation thermal conductivity krd is calculated. Next, taking into account the bar diameter, the value of parameter FR is also determined. The analysis is performed at the process temperature range of 200 to 800 °C for three bar diameters: 10, 20 and 30 mm, and for the three porosities of the bundle. Different emissivity of bars in the range of 0.5 to 0.9 was also taken into account. Finally, a relationship that allows calculating the FR factor correlated with the emissivity of the bars and the bundle porosity was established. The krd obtained from the methodology presented and compared with the values calculated directly do not exceed 9%; however, after averaging over the entire temperature range of the process, the difference does not exceed 0.2%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radiative Heat Transfer and Radiative Cooling)
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Review

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23 pages, 10638 KiB  
Review
The Review of Chosen Methods Used to Investigate Heat Transfer in a Steel Porous Charge
by Rafał Wyczółkowski, Vazgen Bagdasaryan, Marek Gała and Paweł Artur Król
Energies 2022, 15(6), 2266; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15062266 - 20 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1318
Abstract
The paper presents chosen experimental and model methods of investigating heat transfer in a steel porous charge. The results of this investigation provide information on both the qualitative and quantitative course of the analysed processes of heat exchange. The parameters which characterise the [...] Read more.
The paper presents chosen experimental and model methods of investigating heat transfer in a steel porous charge. The results of this investigation provide information on both the qualitative and quantitative course of the analysed processes of heat exchange. The parameters which characterise the analysed phenomenon in a quantitative manner, among others, are: The effective thermal conductivity kef, the thermal contact resistance Rct and Nusselt number Nu. It has been established that it is not possible to use literature models in order to determine the kef coefficient. The authors present their own model of effective thermal conductivity. The above-mentioned parameters for a porous charge reach the values within the following ranges: kef: 1.0–8.5 W/(m·K); Rct: 0.0019–0.0057 (m2⋅K)/W; Nu: 1.2–7.1. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radiative Heat Transfer and Radiative Cooling)
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Other

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16 pages, 17822 KiB  
Concept Paper
Analysis of Expected Skin Burns from Accepted Process Flare Heat Radiation Levels to Public Passersby
by Torgrim Log
Energies 2021, 14(17), 5474; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14175474 - 2 Sep 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2823
Abstract
Hot flaring, even from quite high flare stacks, may result in significant heat radiation outside a facility to, e.g., public roads where random passersby may be exposed. The present study suggests a novel method for analyzing a typical flare heat radiation exposure and [...] Read more.
Hot flaring, even from quite high flare stacks, may result in significant heat radiation outside a facility to, e.g., public roads where random passersby may be exposed. The present study suggests a novel method for analyzing a typical flare heat radiation exposure and investigates skin burns that may be inflicted on an exposed person if a facility needs to depressurize in an emergency situation. A typical radiation field from an ignited natural gas vent was taken as the boundary condition, and these values were compared to radiation levels mentioned by the American Petroleum Institute (API 521), e.g., 1.58 kW/m2 and above. Due to facility perimeter fences along roads in larger industry areas, it was assumed that an exposed person may flee along a road rather than in the ideal direction away from the flare. It was assumed that naked skin, e.g., a bare shoulder or a bald head is exposed. The Pennes bioheat equation was numerically solved for the skin layers while the person escapes along the road. Sun radiation and convective heat exchange to the ambient air were included, and the subsequent skin injury was calculated based on the temperature development in the basal layer. Parameters affecting burn severity, such as heat radiation, solar radiation, and convective heat transfer coefficient, were analyzed. For small flares and ignited small cold vents, no skin burn would be expected for 1.58 kW/m2 or 3.16 kW/m2 maximum heat radiation at the skin surface. However, higher flare rates corresponding to, e.g., 4.0 kW/m2 maximum flare heat radiation to the skin, resulted both in higher basal layer temperatures and longer exposure time, thus increasing the damage integral significantly. It is demonstrated that the novel approach works well. In future studies, it may, e.g., be extended to cover escape through partly shielded escape routes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radiative Heat Transfer and Radiative Cooling)
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