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Technologies for Production, Processing, and Extractions of Nature Product Compounds,...
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Technologies for Production, Processing, and Extractions of Nature Product Compounds, 2nd Volume

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Separation Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 1575

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Pasquale Crupi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Interests: metabolomics analyses of food products; analytical techniques; green extraction technologies; fruit and vegetables; bio-transformed products; multivariate statistical analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This is the second volume of the previously successful Special Issue "Technologies for Production, Processing, and Extractions of Nature Product Compounds" (Link: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/processes/special_issues/nature_product_compounds).

Natural bioactive compounds include a plethora of structures and functionalities that provide a consistent pool of molecules for the production of nutraceuticals, functional foods, and food additives. Moreover, they have also shown great market potential for industrial applications in the pharmaceutic and cosmetic sectors. These compounds, which are produced and recovered from various biological sources (such as fruits, vegetables, medicinal plants, wastes, and byproducts), can be found in nature either at high concentration (i.e., polyphenols) or at very low levels, such that massive harvesting is needed to obtain sufficient amounts. Indeed, their structural diversity and complexity make chemical synthesis unprofitable. The development of advanced technologies has been fundamental for overcoming the inherent difficulties in screening and producing these compounds. Traditionally, they are extracted via conventional liquid–liquid or solid–liquid extraction techniques, but this approach implies negative thermal influences on extraction yield and quality with a large expenditure of organic solvents and energy. Moreover, with the growing consumer demands for greener alternatives that do not involve toxic chemicals, as well as the industry’s concerns around sustainable, nontoxic routes of extraction, the applications of novel extraction technologies (including, for instance, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and enzyme-assisted extraction, as well as their combination) are becoming more and more widespread.

This Special Issue of the journal Processes on “Technologies for Production, Processing, and Extractions of Nature Product Compounds” aims to group original research and review articles about the setting and optimization of production and processing strategies, as well as conventional and innovative extraction technologies of natural compounds.

Dr. Pasquale Crupi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • natural product chemistry
  • biological sources
  • leftovers
  • production methods
  • processing
  • non-conventional extractions
  • methods of analysis

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3733 KiB  
Article
Chemical Modification of Birch Bark (Betula L.) for the Improved Bioprocessing of Cadmium(II), Chromium(VI), and Manganese(II) from Aqueous Solutions
by Jarosław Chwastowski and Paweł Staroń
Processes 2024, 12(5), 1005; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12051005 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 244
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the sorption capacity of a natural sorbent, specifically birch bark (BB), and its modification using chemical reagents, including nitric and hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and chloride. The objective of the chemical modification was to enhance the sorption capacity [...] Read more.
This study aimed to assess the sorption capacity of a natural sorbent, specifically birch bark (BB), and its modification using chemical reagents, including nitric and hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and chloride. The objective of the chemical modification was to enhance the sorption capacity of the heavy metals cadmium(II), chromium(VI), and manganese(II). The most effective modification for adsorbing cadmium and manganese from aqueous solutions was achieved by treating the sorbent with a 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution (BBNa). Conversely, in the case of chromium, each modification adversely affected its adsorption by the sorbent. Concentrations of the solutions were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry at appropriate time intervals. The adsorption process was described using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms. The Freundlich isotherm provided the best fit for cadmium and chromium (R2 = 0.988 and 0.986, respectively), while the Langmuir isotherm was most suitable for manganese (R2 = 0.996). The sorption capacity varied for each metal ion: Cd (II)—33.13 mg/g, Cr (VI)—35.98 mg/g, and Mn (II)—24 mg/g for the highest concentration tested. This study employed pseudo–first-rate order, pseudo–second-rate order model kinetics, and the Weber–Morris model to examine the adsorption kinetics. The pseudo–second-rate order kinetics demonstrated the best fit (R2 > 0.94) for each heavy metal, which underlines the process’s chemical nature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Technologies for Production, Processing, and Extractions of Nature Product Compounds, 2nd Volume)
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15 pages, 1766 KiB  
Article
Hydrothermal Hydrolysis of Cocoa Bean Shell to Obtain Bioactive Compounds
by Marta Sánchez, Tamara Bernal, Amanda Laca, Adriana Laca and Mario Díaz
Processes 2024, 12(5), 956; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12050956 - 8 May 2024
Viewed by 411
Abstract
Cocoa bean shell (CBS), a by-product from the chocolate industry, is an interesting source of bioactive compounds. In this work, the effects of time and pH on the hydrothermal hydrolysis of CBS were evaluated with the aim of maximizing the extraction of antioxidant [...] Read more.
Cocoa bean shell (CBS), a by-product from the chocolate industry, is an interesting source of bioactive compounds. In this work, the effects of time and pH on the hydrothermal hydrolysis of CBS were evaluated with the aim of maximizing the extraction of antioxidant and functional compounds from this biomass. In general, all treatments tested led to improvements in the extraction of bioactive compounds compared to untreated samples. The maximum values for antioxidant activity (187 µmol TE/g CBS dw) and phenolic compounds (14.5 mg GAE/g CBS dw) were obtained when CBS was treated at pH 4 for 10 min. In addition, maximum amounts of flavonoids (10.1 mg CE/g CBS dw), tannins (6.5 mg CE/g CBS dw) and methylxanthines (9 mg/g CBS dw) were obtained under mild pH conditions (4–5). It is noteworthy that these values are higher than those reported in the literature for other vegetable substrates, highlighting the potential of CBS to be valorized as a source of different value-adding products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Technologies for Production, Processing, and Extractions of Nature Product Compounds, 2nd Volume)
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11 pages, 1601 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Reverse Sorption on an Extraction Kinetics Melanin Case
by Igor Lomovskiy, Aleksey Kiryanov and Tatiana Skripkina
Processes 2023, 11(11), 3192; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11113192 - 8 Nov 2023
Viewed by 511
Abstract
Research into extraction kinetics is one of the crucial factors in a technological process. Extraction is used predominantly when working with organic feedstock. The study of the kinetics of extraction of a substance is a complex process, which is influenced by a large [...] Read more.
Research into extraction kinetics is one of the crucial factors in a technological process. Extraction is used predominantly when working with organic feedstock. The study of the kinetics of extraction of a substance is a complex process, which is influenced by a large number of factors. This paper presents an analysis of one of these factors, namely the influence of reverse sorption on the process of substance release from the matrix. Sorption can directly affect the intraparticle diffusion constants and, consequently, the rate of release of the substance. Using buckwheat husk as an example, its sorption capacity was assessed to assess the sorption factor on the rate of melanin release. To select the optimal parameters of the chemical process, the experiment was carried out at temperatures of 40, 50, and 60 degrees Celsius. The Axelrud and Baker–Lonsdale equations were used to describe the kinetic models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Technologies for Production, Processing, and Extractions of Nature Product Compounds, 2nd Volume)
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