Dichloromethane root extract of
Rennellia elliptica Korth. showed strong inhibition of
Plasmodium falciparum growth
in vitro with an IC
50 value of 4.04 µg/mL. A phytochemical study of the dichloromethane root extract has led to the isolation and characterization of a new anthraquinone,
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Dichloromethane root extract of
Rennellia elliptica Korth. showed strong inhibition of
Plasmodium falciparum growth
in vitro with an IC
50 value of 4.04 µg/mL. A phytochemical study of the dichloromethane root extract has led to the isolation and characterization of a new anthraquinone, 1,2-dimethoxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone (
1), and ten known anthraquinones: 1-hydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone (
2), nordamnacanthal (
3), 2-formyl-3-hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (
4), damnacanthal (
5), lucidin-
ω-methyl ether (
6), 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone (
7), rubiadin (
8), 3-hydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone (
9), rubiadin-1-methyl ether (
10) and 3-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinone (
11). Structural elucidation of all compounds was accomplished by modern spectroscopic methods, notably 1D and 2D NMR, IR, UV and HREIMS. The new anthraquinone
1,
2-formyl-3-hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (
4) and 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone (
7) possess strong antiplasmodial activity, with IC
50 values of 1.10, 0.63 and 0.34 µM, respectively.
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