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Int. J. Mol. Sci., Volume 8, Issue 4 (April 2007) – 7 articles , Pages 273-362

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Research

80 KiB  
Article
Imprinting Status of IGF2 in Cord Blood Cells of Han Chinese Newborns
by Yimin Dai, Zhiqun Wang, Jie Li, Xiangfang Gu, Mingming Zheng, Jianjun Zhou, Xiaodong Ye, Jincui Yao, Isabelle Cui, Yali Hu and Hengmi Cui
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2007, 8(4), 273-283; https://doi.org/10.3390/i8040273 - 15 Apr 2007
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 10346
Abstract
Loss of imprinting (LOI) of insulin-like growth factor II gene (IGF2) is anepigenetic abnormality associated with human diseases. However, little is known about thecharacteristics of IGF2 imprinting in newborn cord blood cells. METHODS: A total of 923cord blood samples from term singletons and [...] Read more.
Loss of imprinting (LOI) of insulin-like growth factor II gene (IGF2) is anepigenetic abnormality associated with human diseases. However, little is known about thecharacteristics of IGF2 imprinting in newborn cord blood cells. METHODS: A total of 923cord blood samples from term singletons and related clinical data were collected; IGF2imprinting status in 273 specimens were successfully analyzed using RT-PCR andrestriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: LOI of IGF2 was detected in 20.9%of informative samples. The mean birth weights (BW) in the LOI and the normal imprintinggroups were 3462.7 ± 460.2 g and 3363.7 ± 427.7 g, respectively. The abdominal perimetersin the LOI group tended to be larger than that in the normal imprinting group. Pregnancycomplications, delivery modes, newborn diseases, occurrences of malignant tumors ingrandparents, and other maternal factors were not associated with LOI of IGF2. 22.2% ofthe infants with IGF2 LOI also showed LOI in their father’s lymphocytes while 21.4% intheir mother’s lymphocytes. CONCLUSIONS: About 20% of Han Chinese newbornsindicated LOI of IGF2 in their cord blood lymphocytes that may represent the epigeneticcharacteristics in this ethnic group. While IGF2 LOI tends to be weakly inherited between parents and offspring, abnormal imprinting seems to be statistically unrelated with phenotypes of newborns, although it might have an association with later phenotypes of infants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interaction of Biological Molecules)
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475 KiB  
Article
Biochemical Analyses of Csx/Nkx2.5 Mutants and Their Structure–Function Relationship
by Yun-Zi Chen, Hua Ying, Jing Zhang, Wei Cheng, Yuan-Xi Kang and Zi-Chun Hua
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2007, 8(4), 284-294; https://doi.org/10.3390/i8040284 - 12 Apr 2007
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 9737
Abstract
A homeodomain-containing transcription factor Csx/Nkx2.5 is an importantregulator of cardiogensis in mammals. There has been considerable interest in understandingdeterminants of the diverse cardiac phenotypes associated with Csx/Nkx2.5 mutationssituated within or around the homeodomain in patients. To make clear of the functionalproperties of the [...] Read more.
A homeodomain-containing transcription factor Csx/Nkx2.5 is an importantregulator of cardiogensis in mammals. There has been considerable interest in understandingdeterminants of the diverse cardiac phenotypes associated with Csx/Nkx2.5 mutationssituated within or around the homeodomain in patients. To make clear of the functionalproperties of the regions out of homeodomain, we found that mutants locate outside of thehomeodomain retained intact nuclear localization and have nearly normal or increasedtranscriptional activity but impaired DNA binding capability, the C-terminus region exhibitsan inhibitory function on transcriptional activity of wild type Csx/Nkx2.5, and the NK2-Specific Domain is likely to facilitate both DNA binding and protein-protein interaction. Inthe current study, deletion mutant in homeodomain displayed extremely different biologicalappearance from the mutants with deletion outside of the homeodomain, these may explainthe clinical observation that patients with missense situated outside the homeodomain werenot associated with atrioventricular conduction disturbance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interaction of Biological Molecules)
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81 KiB  
Article
Radical-scavenging Activity of Estrogen and Estrogen-like Compounds Using the Induction Period Method
by Yoshinori Kadoma and Seiichiro Fujisawa
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2007, 8(4), 295-303; https://doi.org/10.3390/i8040295 - 16 Apr 2007
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 8431
Abstract
The radical-scavenging activity of estrogens (estrone, 2-hydroxyestradiol),estrogen-like compounds (diethylstilbestrol, DES; bisphenol A, BPA) and the mono-phenolic compound 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methoxyphenol (BMP) was investigated using themethod of measuring the induction period for polymerization of methyl methacrylate(MMA) initiated by thermal decomposition of 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) andbenzoyl peroxide (BPO) [...] Read more.
The radical-scavenging activity of estrogens (estrone, 2-hydroxyestradiol),estrogen-like compounds (diethylstilbestrol, DES; bisphenol A, BPA) and the mono-phenolic compound 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methoxyphenol (BMP) was investigated using themethod of measuring the induction period for polymerization of methyl methacrylate(MMA) initiated by thermal decomposition of 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) andbenzoyl peroxide (BPO) at 70°C using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Thestoichiometric factor (n, number of free radicals trapped by one mole of antioxidantmoiety) for the AIBN system declined in the order BMP (2.0), 2-hydroxyestradiol (2.0)>DES (1.3) > BPA (1.2) > estrone (0.9), whereas that for the BPO system declined in theorder BMP (2.0) >DES (1.9), BPA (1.9) > estrone (1.3) > 2-hydroxyestradiol (0.7). Theinhibition rate constant (kinh x 10-3 M-1s-1) for the AIBN system declined in the orderestrone (2.2) > BPA (2.0) > DES (1.9) > 2-hydroxyestradiol (1.2) > BMP (1.1), whereasthat for the BPO system declined in the order 2-hydroxyestradiol (3.2) > estrone (1.4) >DES (1.2) > BPA (1.0) > BMP (0.9). The radical-scavenging activity for bioactivecompounds such as estrogens should be evaluated using these two methods (the n and kinh)to elucidate the mechanism of a particular reaction. The great difference of the n and kinhfor estrogens between the AIBN and BPO system suggested that their oxidation process iscomplex. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phenolics and Polyphenolics)
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3387 KiB  
Article
Sulfonium-based Ionic Liquids Incorporating the Allyl Functionality
by Dongbin Zhao, Zhaofu Fei, Wee Han Ang and Paul J. Dyson
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2007, 8(4), 304-315; https://doi.org/10.3390/i8040304 - 16 Apr 2007
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 10650
Abstract
A series of sulfonium halides bearing allyl groups have been prepared andcharacterized. Anion metathesis with Li[Tf2N] and Ag[N(CN)2] resulted in sulfonium-basedionic liquids which exhibit low viscosities at room temperature. The solid state structure ofone of the halide salts was [...] Read more.
A series of sulfonium halides bearing allyl groups have been prepared andcharacterized. Anion metathesis with Li[Tf2N] and Ag[N(CN)2] resulted in sulfonium-basedionic liquids which exhibit low viscosities at room temperature. The solid state structure ofone of the halide salts was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ionic Liquids)
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2730 KiB  
Article
Rotational Spectra of Symmetric Top Molecules in Ground andDifferent Vibrational Excited States, and Phenomenon of Resonance – Applying in CF3CCH
by Masoud Motamedi
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2007, 8(4), 316-334; https://doi.org/10.3390/i8040316 - 17 Apr 2007
Viewed by 7471
Abstract
This paper deals with review of exploration of resonance in symmetric topmolecules in different vibrational excited states, vt = n (n =1, 2, 3, 4). Calculations for CF3CCH shows that resonance take place at [Eq. 20] and [Eq. 21] for [...] Read more.
This paper deals with review of exploration of resonance in symmetric topmolecules in different vibrational excited states, vt = n (n =1, 2, 3, 4). Calculations for CF3CCH shows that resonance take place at [Eq. 20] and [Eq. 21] for v10 = 2 and v10 = 3 respectively. In order to account for splitting about 3 MHz for the - 2 series in v10 = 4 is necessary to introduce the element {J, k, l |f24| J, k + 2,l − 4} in fitting program. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Physical Chemistry, Theoretical and Computational Chemistry)
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83 KiB  
Article
How Good Can the Characteristic Polynomial Be for Correlations?
by Sorana Daniela Bolboaca and Lorentz Jantschi
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2007, 8(4), 335-345; https://doi.org/10.3390/i8040335 - 30 Apr 2007
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 8190
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristic polynomials resulting from the molecular graphs used as molecular descriptors in the characterization of the properties of chemical compounds. A formal calculus method is proposed in order to identify the value of the [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristic polynomials resulting from the molecular graphs used as molecular descriptors in the characterization of the properties of chemical compounds. A formal calculus method is proposed in order to identify the value of the characteristic polynomial parameters for which the extremum values of the squared correlation coefficient are obtained in univariate regression models. The developed calculation algorithm was applied to a sample of nonane isomers. The obtained results revealed that the proposed method produced an accurate and unique solution for the best relationship between the characteristic polynomial as molecular descriptor and the property of interest. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interaction of Biological Molecules)
232 KiB  
Article
Correlations of the Specific Rates of Solvolysis of Aromatic Carbamoyl Chlorides, Chloroformates, Chlorothionoformates, and Chlorodithioformates Revisited
by Dennis N. Kevill, Fumie Koyoshi and Malcolm J. D’Souza
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2007, 8(4), 346-362; https://doi.org/10.3390/i8040346 - 30 Apr 2007
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 8026
Abstract
Additional specific rates of solvolysis are determined for phenyl chloroformate.These values are combined with literature values to give a total of 49 data points, which areused within simple and extended Grunwald-Winstein treatments. Literature values are alsobrought together to allow treatments in more solvents [...] Read more.
Additional specific rates of solvolysis are determined for phenyl chloroformate.These values are combined with literature values to give a total of 49 data points, which areused within simple and extended Grunwald-Winstein treatments. Literature values are alsobrought together to allow treatments in more solvents than previously for three N-aryl-N-methylcarbamoyl chlorides, phenyl chlorothionoformate, phenyl chlorodithioformate, andN,N-diphenylcarbamoyl chloride. For the last two listed, moderately strong evidence for ameaningful inclusion of a term governed by the aromatic ring parameter (I) was indicated.No evidence was found requiring inclusion of this parameter for ionization reactions withonly one aromatic ring on the nitrogen of carbamoyl chlorides or for the solvolyses of thechloroformate or chlorothionoformate proceeding by an addition-elimination (association-dissociation) mechanism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Physical Chemistry, Theoretical and Computational Chemistry)
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