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Comment

Comment on Sundseth et al. Global Sources and Pathways of Mercury in the Context of Human Health. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 105

by
S. M. J. Mortazavi
1,
Ghazal Mortazavi
2 and
Maryam Paknahad
3,*
1
Diagnostic Imaging Center, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
2
Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
3
Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 713451836, Iran
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14(5), 481; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14050481
Submission received: 21 March 2017 / Revised: 2 May 2017 / Accepted: 2 May 2017 / Published: 5 May 2017
It was with great interest that we read the article by Sundseth et al. [1] entitled Global Sources and Pathways of Mercury in the Context of Human Health which is published in the Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 105; doi:10.3390/ijerph14010105. In this article, the authors reviewed the current scientific knowledge on global mercury releases into the atmosphere, global atmospheric transport and deposition, and the linkage between environmental contamination and potential impacts on human health. Unfortunately, the authors have ignored the effect of modern life and advanced technologies on the health effects of mercury. Humans are now immersed in an ocean of electromagnetic fields (EMFs). Advances in technologies such as telecommunication has led to an exponential rise in human exposure to EMFs emitted from wireless devices such as mobile phones, cordless phones and Wi-Fi routers. Moreover, the number of mobile base stations in our living environment is increasing rapidly. We have previously discussed in detail that when dental amalgam restorations are exposed to EMFs produced by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or other sources such as mobile phones or Wi-Fi routers, a significant rise in the level of mercury release from dental amalgam restorations can be observed [2,3]. It is worth mentioning that the findings obtained in our studies on EMF-induced accelerated mercury release are further supported by microleakage studies [4,5]. Furthermore, there are reports which show that even exposure to ionizing radiations such as x-rays can accelerate the release of mercury from dental amalgam fillings [6]. This issue has previously been addressed in a review article by Mortazavi and Mortazavi [7]. In this light, a shortcoming of the article authored by [1] comes from this point that these researchers have not considered the impact of modern technologies on the challenging issue of the effect of low levels of mercury on human health.

Author Contributions

S. M. J. Mortazavi drafted the letter to the Editor. All authors reviewed the original paper, commented and accepted its final version.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

References

  1. Sundseth, K.; Pacyna, J.M.; Pacyna, E.G.; Pirrone, N.; Thorne, R.J. Global Sources and Pathways of Mercury in the Context of Human Health. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 105. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  2. Mortazavi, S.; Neghab, M.; Anoosheh, S.; Bahaeddini, N.; Mortazavi, G.; Neghab, P.; Rajaeifard, A. High-field MRI and mercury release from dental amalgam fillings. Int. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 2014, 5, 101–105. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
  3. Mortazavi, S.; Daiee, E.; Yazdi, A.; Khiabani, K.; Kavousi, A.; Vazirinejad, R.; Behnejad, B.; Ghasemi, M.; Mood, M.B. Mercury release from dental amalgam restorations after magnetic resonance imaging and following mobile phone use. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 2008, 11, 1142–1146. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  4. Yilmaz, S.; Misirlioglu, M. The effect of 3 T MRI on microleakage of amalgam restorations. Dentomaxillofac. Radiol. 2013, 42, 20130072. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  5. Shahidi, S.H.; Bronoosh, P.; Alavi, A.A.; Zamiri, B.; Sadeghi, A.R.; Bagheri, M.H.; Javadpour, S. Effect of magnetic resonance imaging on microleakage of amalgam restorations: An in vitro study. Dentomaxillofac. Radiol. 2009, 38, 470–474. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  6. Kursun, S.; Öztas, B.; Atas, H.; Tastekin, M. Effects of X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging on mercury release from dental amalgam into artificial saliva. Oral Radiol. 2014, 30, 142–146. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  7. Mortazavi, G.; Mortazavi, S.M. Increased Mercury Release from Dental Amalgam Restorations after Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields as a Potential Hazard for Hypersensitive People and Pregnant Women. Rev. Environ. Health 2015, 30, 287–292. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mortazavi, S.M.J.; Mortazavi, G.; Paknahad, M. Comment on Sundseth et al. Global Sources and Pathways of Mercury in the Context of Human Health. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 105. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 481. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14050481

AMA Style

Mortazavi SMJ, Mortazavi G, Paknahad M. Comment on Sundseth et al. Global Sources and Pathways of Mercury in the Context of Human Health. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 105. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2017; 14(5):481. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14050481

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mortazavi, S. M. J., Ghazal Mortazavi, and Maryam Paknahad. 2017. "Comment on Sundseth et al. Global Sources and Pathways of Mercury in the Context of Human Health. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 105" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14, no. 5: 481. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14050481

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