Reusing Desulfurization Slag in Cement Clinker Production and the Influence on the Formation of Clinker Phases
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Materials
2.2. Preparation of Cement Raw Mixes and Clinkers
2.3. Quantitative X-ray Diffraction Analysis
2.4. Other Analyses
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of De-S Slag
3.2. Influence of De-S slag Addition
3.3. Mineralogical Composition of Clinkers at Different Temperatures
3.4. Description of Clinkerization and Grindability
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Phase | Chemical Formula | RIRcor | Peak | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
d-Spacing (Å) | h k l | Irel | |||
Tricalcium silicate | Ca3SiO5 | 1.28 | 1.76 | 2 2 0 | 66.5 |
β-dicalcium silicate | Ca2SiO4 | 0.76 | 2.88 | 1 2 0 | 27.8 |
γ-dicalcium silicate | Ca2SiO4 | 1.30 | 4.32 | 0 2 1 | 33.9 |
Corundum 1 | Al2O3 | 1.00 | 3.48 | 0 1 2 | 75.0 |
Element | Weight Percentage (wt %) | Concentration in TCLP Extract (mg/L) |
---|---|---|
Ca | 48.92 ± 2.85 | 2980 ± 52 |
Si | 17.83 ± 1.67 | 0.58 ± 0.13 |
Al | 2.15 ± 0.29 | 0.07 ± 0.01 |
Fe | 2.89 ± 0.24 | ND 1 |
Mg | 0.37 ± 0.11 | ND 1 |
Na | 2.63 ± 0.02 | 1.57 ± 0.01 |
K | 0.61 ± 0.01 | 1.01 ± 0.02 |
Mn | 0.12 ± 0.02 | ND 1 |
Cu | 0.03 ± 0.01 | ND 1 |
Zn | 0.22 ± 0.01 | ND 1 |
Cr | ND 1 | ND 1 |
Ni | ND 1 | ND 1 |
Pb | ND 1 | ND 1 |
Cd | ND 1 | ND 1 |
S | 1.62 ± 0.19 | NA 2 |
F | 0.39 ± 0.03 | NA 2 |
Raw Mix | ST (°C) | FT (°C) |
---|---|---|
C0 | – 1 | – 1 |
C1 | – 1 | – 1 |
C2 | 1390 | – 1 |
C3 | 1365 | 1390 |
C4 | 1370 | 1395 |
C5 | 1370 | 1390 |
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Chen, Y.-L.; Chang, J.-E.; Ko, M.-S. Reusing Desulfurization Slag in Cement Clinker Production and the Influence on the Formation of Clinker Phases. Sustainability 2017, 9, 1585. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9091585
Chen Y-L, Chang J-E, Ko M-S. Reusing Desulfurization Slag in Cement Clinker Production and the Influence on the Formation of Clinker Phases. Sustainability. 2017; 9(9):1585. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9091585
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Ying-Liang, Juu-En Chang, and Ming-Sheng Ko. 2017. "Reusing Desulfurization Slag in Cement Clinker Production and the Influence on the Formation of Clinker Phases" Sustainability 9, no. 9: 1585. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9091585