Lubricants 2013, 1(1), 3-21; doi:10.3390/lubricants1010003
A Review of Ionic Liquid Lubricants
1
Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
2
School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Rd, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 23 November 2012 / Revised: 4 January 2013 / Accepted: 14 January 2013 / Published: 21 January 2013
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Horizons in Ionic Liquid Tribology)
Abstract
Due to ever increasing demands on lubricants, such as increased service intervals, reduced volumes and reduced emissions, there is a need to develop new lubricants and improved wear additives. Ionic liquids (ILs) are room temperature molten salts that have recently been shown to offer many advantages in this area. The application of ILs as lubricants in a diverse range of systems has found that these materials can show remarkable protection against wear and significantly reduce friction in the neat state. Recently, some researchers have shown that a small family of ILs can also be incorporated into non-polar base oils, replacing traditional anti-wear additives, with excellent performance of the neat IL being maintained. ILs consist of large asymmetrical ions that may readily adsorb onto a metal surface and produce a thin, protective film under boundary lubrication conditions. Under extreme pressure conditions, certain IL compounds can also react to form a protective tribofilm, in particular when fluorine, phosphorus or boron atoms are present in the constituent ions.Keywords:
ionic liquids; lubricant; lubricants additives; miscibility; wear results; surface characterization; surface interactions
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MDPI and ACS Style
Somers, A.E.; Howlett, P.C.; MacFarlane, D.R.; Forsyth, M. A Review of Ionic Liquid Lubricants. Lubricants 2013, 1, 3-21.
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