Effects of Alloying Elements (Mo, Ni, and Cu) on the Austemperability of GGG-60 Ductile Cast Iron
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. As-Cast Samples
3.2. Austempered Samples-Microstructural Examination
3.3. Austempered Samples-Hardness
3.4. Austempered Samples-Tensile Tests
3.5. Effects of Austempering Temperature and Alloying
4. Summary
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Alloy | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Ni | Cu | Mo | Mg | Cr | Al | Ti | Fe |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
O | 3.64 | 2.20 | 0.03 | 0.039 | 0.010 | 0.37 | 0.52 | <0.001 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.004 | bal. |
M | 3.76 | 2.19 | 0.14 | 0.041 | 0.013 | 0.21 | 0.41 | 0.21 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.008 |
Experiment # | Temperature (°C) | Duration (min) |
---|---|---|
Exp. 1 | 350 | 90 |
Exp. 2 | 320 | 90 |
Exp. 3 | 290 | 90 |
Sample | Brinell Hardness | |
---|---|---|
Alloy O | Alloy M | |
As-cast | 236 ± 3.5 | 215 ± 4.2 |
Exp. 1 | 299 ± 6.0 | 335 ± 5.1 |
Exp. 2 | 322 ± 8.4 | 336 ± 23.4 |
Exp. 3 | 341 ± 21.4 | 386 ± 22.0 |
Sample | Alloy O | Alloy M | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yield Strength (MPa) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | % EL | Yield Strength (MPa) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | % EL | |
As-cast | 426 ± 5.1 | 677 ± 7.3 | 5.7 ± 0.7 | 356 ± 4.7 | 576 ± 6.9 | 11.3 ± 1.0 |
Exp. 1 | 707 ± 12.6 | 992 ± 14.1 | 5.8 ± 0.8 | 863 ± 16.5 | 1035 ± 24.2 | 8.3 ± 1.3 |
Exp. 2 | 724 ± 16.5 | 1018 ± 17.9 | 6.7 ± 1.0 | 937 ± 17.3 | 1065 ± 19.5 | 4.2 ± 1.1 |
Exp. 3 | 739 ± 14.2 | 1027 ± 16.5 | 6.3 ± 0.8 | 1169 ± 21.5 | 1311 ± 23.2 | 3.5 ± 1.4 |
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Konca, E.; Tur, K.; Koç, E. Effects of Alloying Elements (Mo, Ni, and Cu) on the Austemperability of GGG-60 Ductile Cast Iron. Metals 2017, 7, 320. https://doi.org/10.3390/met7080320
Konca E, Tur K, Koç E. Effects of Alloying Elements (Mo, Ni, and Cu) on the Austemperability of GGG-60 Ductile Cast Iron. Metals. 2017; 7(8):320. https://doi.org/10.3390/met7080320
Chicago/Turabian StyleKonca, Erkan, Kazım Tur, and Erkin Koç. 2017. "Effects of Alloying Elements (Mo, Ni, and Cu) on the Austemperability of GGG-60 Ductile Cast Iron" Metals 7, no. 8: 320. https://doi.org/10.3390/met7080320