Vaccines 2014, 2(1), 49-88; doi:10.3390/vaccines2010049
Development of Streptococcus pneumoniae Vaccines Using Live Vectors
1
Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
2
School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 11 October 2013 / Revised: 9 November 2013 / Accepted: 27 December 2013 / Published: 7 January 2014
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pneumococcal Vaccine in the 21st Century)
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Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae still causes severe morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in young children and the elderly. Much effort has been dedicated to developing protein-based universal vaccines to conquer the current shortcomings of capsular vaccines and capsular conjugate vaccines, such as serotype replacement, limited coverage and high costs. A recombinant live vector vaccine delivering protective antigens is a promising way to achieve this goal. In this review, we discuss the researches using live recombinant vaccines, mainly live attenuated Salmonella and lactic acid bacteria, to deliver pneumococcal antigens. We also discuss both the limitations and the future of these vaccines.Keywords:
Streptococcus pneumoniae; Salmonella; lactic acid bacteria; BCG; adenoviruses; bacterial vector; viral vector
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0).
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Wang, S.; Curtiss III, R. Development of Streptococcus pneumoniae Vaccines Using Live Vectors. Vaccines 2014, 2, 49-88.
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