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Sinusitis, Volume 3, Issue 1 (March 2018) – 2 articles

Cover Story (view full-size image): Sinus problems are medical conditions that are frequently related to farming. However, there is scarcity of recent studies on the true prevalence or risk factors of this association. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sinus problems in farming and non-farming rural populations and further investigate the association of individual, contextual, and important covariates with sinus problems. The findings provided further insights into the prevalence and determinants of sinus problems in the rural population. View the paper here.
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19 pages, 714 KiB  
Article
Prevalence and Determinants of Sinus Problems in Farm and Non-Farm Populations of Rural Saskatchewan, Canada
by Ayami Kajiwara-Morita, Chandima P. Karunanayake, James A. Dosman, Joshua A. Lawson, Shelley Kirychuk, Donna C. Rennie, Roland F. Dyck, Niels Koehncke, Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan, Punam Pahwa and Saskatchewan Rural Health Study Research Team
Sinusitis 2018, 3(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/sinusitis3010002 - 07 Feb 2018
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4902
Abstract
Although sinus problems have long been recognized as the most common respiratory symptoms associated with agricultural work, there is a scarcity of recent studies and/or reliable estimates as to the true prevalence or risk factors of sinus problems related to farming. The aim [...] Read more.
Although sinus problems have long been recognized as the most common respiratory symptoms associated with agricultural work, there is a scarcity of recent studies and/or reliable estimates as to the true prevalence or risk factors of sinus problems related to farming. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sinus problems in farming and non-farming rural populations and further investigate the association of individual (for example life-style, occupational), contextual (e.g., environmental), and important covariates (e.g., age, sex) with sinus problems. A large-scale cross-sectional study was conducted in farm and non-farm residents of rural Saskatchewan, Canada. A logistic regression model based on a generalized estimating equations approach were fitted to investigate the risk factors of sinus problems. Sinus problems were reported by 2755 (34.0%) of the 8101 subjects. Farm residents were more likely to spend their first year of life on farm compared with non-farm residents, and indicated a significantly lower risk of sinus problems. Meanwhile, occupational exposure to solvent and mold were associated with an increased risk of sinus problems. Some health conditions such as allergy and stomach acidity/reflux, family history, and female sex were also related to a higher risk of sinus problems. Farm residents had a significantly lower risk of sinus problems than non-farm residents, likely due to the exposure to farm specific environments in their early life. Full article
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7 pages, 167 KiB  
Review
State-of-the-Art Adult Chronic Rhinosinusitis Microbiome: Perspective for Future Studies in Pediatrics
by M. Asghar Pasha
Sinusitis 2018, 3(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/sinusitis3010001 - 05 Feb 2018
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4166
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a prevalent disease that causes persistent mucosal inflammation and is associated with bacterial infection, which is thought to play a role in the inflammatory process. Microbiome analysis provides insight to host–microbial interactions. Disturbances in the host and commensal bacteria [...] Read more.
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a prevalent disease that causes persistent mucosal inflammation and is associated with bacterial infection, which is thought to play a role in the inflammatory process. Microbiome analysis provides insight to host–microbial interactions. Disturbances in the host and commensal bacteria interaction may lead to CRS. Culture-based methods are useful to isolate some microorganisms but are unable to grow a majority of the bacteria. A review of the literature shows that several recent studies attempted to overcome this issue by using molecular techniques, such as microbial RNA sequencing, to describe the CRS microbiome. All of these studies were performed in adults, with no comparative studies reported in the pediatric population. Similar studies, utilizing molecular techniques, are needed to better understand the mechanism of CRS in children. Because valuable data from these adult studies may help to bridge the gap in our knowledge of the microbiome in pediatric CRS, we present an overview of the methodology and results behind the current microbiomic approach to adult CRS to set the stage for its use in the study of CRS in children. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pediatric Sinusitis)
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