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9 pages, 598 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Complex Dispersion Relation Recovery from 2D Periodic Resonant Systems of Finite Size

by Alejandro Cebrecos, Vicente Romero-García and Jean Philippe Groby

Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(3), 478; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9030478 - 30 Jan 2019

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3404

The complex dispersion relations along the main symmetry directions of two-dimensional finite size periodic arrangements of resonant or non-resonant scatterers are recovered by using an extension of the SLaTCoW (Spatial LAplace Transform for COmplex Wavenumber) method. This method relies on the analysis of [...] Read more.

The complex dispersion relations along the main symmetry directions of two-dimensional finite size periodic arrangements of resonant or non-resonant scatterers are recovered by using an extension of the SLaTCoW (Spatial LAplace Transform for COmplex Wavenumber) method. This method relies on the analysis of the spatial Laplace transform instead of the usual spatial Fourier transform of the measured wavefield in the frequency domain. We apply this method to finite dimension square periodic arrangements of both rigid and resonant scatterers embedded in air, i.e., to finite size sonic crystals and finite size acoustic metamaterials, respectively. The main hypothesis considered in this work is the mirror symmetry of the finite structure with respect to its median axis along the analyzed direction. However, we show that the method is robust enough to provide excellent results even if this hypothesis is not fully satisfied. Effectively, a minor asymmetry could be considered as a side effect when the structure is large enough because Laplace transforming the field along the main symmetry directions also implies averaging the field in the perpendicular one. The calculated complex dispersion relations are in excellent agreement with those obtained by an already validated technique, like the Extended Plane Wave Expansion (EPWE). The methodology employed in this work is intended to be directly used for the experimental characterization of real 2D periodic and resonant systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Acoustic Metamaterials)

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16 pages, 2192 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Broadening Bandgap Width of Piezoelectric Metamaterial by Introducing Cavity

by Jiawen Xu, Ruqiang Yan and J. Tang

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(9), 1606; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8091606 - 10 Sep 2018

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3468

Abstract

In this research, a semi-analytical model of the adaptive piezoelectric metamaterial, built upon continuum mechanics characterization, was formulated and analyzed to reveal the fundamental features of bandgap with respect to unit-cell parameters under transverse wave. A new mechanism to broaden the bandgap width, [...] Read more.

In this research, a semi-analytical model of the adaptive piezoelectric metamaterial, built upon continuum mechanics characterization, was formulated and analyzed to reveal the fundamental features of bandgap with respect to unit-cell parameters under transverse wave. A new mechanism to broaden the bandgap width, was then introduced through geometric cavity synthesis. It was demonstrated that the cavities incorporated into the host structure of the piezoelectric metamaterial can increase the electro-mechanical coupling of the system, which effectively yields broadened bandgap width. Case studies were performed to demonstrate the enhanced performance of the new design, as well as the tunability. Compared with the conventional piezoelectric metamaterial, the metamaterial with cavity synthesis can increase the bandgap width from 45 Hz to 126.7 Hz. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Acoustic Metamaterials)

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18 pages, 1659 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Dark Solitons in Acoustic Transmission Line Metamaterials

by Jiangyi Zhang, Vicente Romero-García, Georgios Theocharis, Olivier Richoux, Vassos Achilleos and Dimitrios J. Frantzeskakis

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(7), 1186; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8071186 - 20 Jul 2018

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3958

Abstract

We study dark solitons, namely density dips with a phase jump across the density minimum, in a one-dimensional, weakly lossy nonlinear acoustic metamaterial, composed of a waveguide featuring a periodic array of side holes. Relying on the electroacoustic analogy and the transmission line [...] Read more.

We study dark solitons, namely density dips with a phase jump across the density minimum, in a one-dimensional, weakly lossy nonlinear acoustic metamaterial, composed of a waveguide featuring a periodic array of side holes. Relying on the electroacoustic analogy and the transmission line approach, we derive a lattice model which, in the continuum approximation, leads to a nonlinear, dispersive and dissipative wave equation. The latter, using the method of multiple scales, is reduced to a defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which leads to dark soliton solutions. The dissipative dynamics of these structures is studied via soliton perturbation theory. We investigate the role—and interplay between—nonlinearity, dispersion and dissipation on the soliton formation and dynamics. Our analytical predictions are corroborated by direct numerical simulations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Acoustic Metamaterials)

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10 pages, 1956 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Doppler-Based Acoustic Gyrator

by Farzad Zangeneh-Nejad and Romain Fleury

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(7), 1083; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8071083 - 03 Jul 2018

Cited by 28 | Viewed by 3718

Abstract

Non-reciprocal phase shifters have been attracting a great deal of attention due to their important applications in filtering, isolation, modulation, and mode locking. Here, we demonstrate a non-reciprocal acoustic phase shifter using a simple acoustic waveguide. We show, both analytically and numerically, that [...] Read more.

Non-reciprocal phase shifters have been attracting a great deal of attention due to their important applications in filtering, isolation, modulation, and mode locking. Here, we demonstrate a non-reciprocal acoustic phase shifter using a simple acoustic waveguide. We show, both analytically and numerically, that when the fluid within the waveguide is biased by a time-independent velocity, the sound waves travelling in forward and backward directions experience different amounts of phase shifts. We further show that the differential phase shift between the forward and backward waves can be conveniently adjusted by changing the imparted bias velocity. Setting the corresponding differential phase shift to 180 degrees, we then realize an acoustic gyrator, which is of paramount importance not only for the network realization of two port components, but also as the building block for the construction of different non-reciprocal devices like isolators and circulators. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Acoustic Metamaterials)

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10 pages, 3333 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Structure and Sound Absorption Properties of Spiral Vane Electrospun PVA/PEO Nanofiber Membranes

by Huan Liu and Baoqi Zuo

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(2), 296; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8020296 - 17 Feb 2018

Cited by 24 | Viewed by 4733

Abstract

Noise pollution has become one of the four major pollution issues in the world and has drawn much attention recently. Controlling the sound source and using sound-absorbing materials reasonably is considered an effective way to reduce noise. Due to the high porosity and [...] Read more.

Noise pollution has become one of the four major pollution issues in the world and has drawn much attention recently. Controlling the sound source and using sound-absorbing materials reasonably is considered an effective way to reduce noise. Due to the high porosity and specific surface area, nanofibers membrane is widely used in the field of the sound absorption. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and Polyethylene oxide (PEO) are both water-soluble polymers with good film-forming properties that can be mixed in any proportion. In this paper, nanofiber membranes were prepared by spiral vane electrospinning with different contents of PVA and PEO. The nanofibers membranes were characterized by Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), 3D-M, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The sound absorption property of nanofibers membranes and the compositions (nanofiber membranes and needle punched non-woven fabric) were tested with an impedance tube. The results demonstrate that the addition of PEO changed the morphological characteristics and construct of PVA, sound absorption properties had undergone great changes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Acoustic Metamaterials)

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Review

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21 pages, 7013 KiB

Open AccessReview

A Review of Tunable Acoustic Metamaterials

by Shuang Chen, Yuancheng Fan, Quanhong Fu, Hongjing Wu, Yabin Jin, Jianbang Zheng and Fuli Zhang

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(9), 1480; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8091480 - 28 Aug 2018

Cited by 103 | Viewed by 12082

Abstract

Acoustic metamaterial science is an emerging field at the frontier of modern acoustics. It provides a prominent platform for acoustic wave control in subwavelength-sized metadevices or metasystems. However, most of the metamaterials can only work in a narrow frequency band once fabricated, which [...] Read more.

Acoustic metamaterial science is an emerging field at the frontier of modern acoustics. It provides a prominent platform for acoustic wave control in subwavelength-sized metadevices or metasystems. However, most of the metamaterials can only work in a narrow frequency band once fabricated, which limits the practical application of acoustic metamaterials. This paper highlights some recent progress in tunable acoustic metamaterials based on various modulation techniques. Acoustic metamaterials have been designed to control the attenuation of acoustic waves, invisibility cloaking, and acoustic wavefront engineering, such as focusing via manipulating the acoustic impedance of metamaterials. The reviewed techniques are promising in extending the novel acoustics response into wider frequency bands, in that tunable acoustic metamaterials may be exploited for unusual applications compared to conventional acoustic devices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Acoustic Metamaterials)

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18 pages, 2006 KiB

Open AccessReview

An Integration Strategy for Acoustic Metamaterials to Achieve Absorption by Design

by Min Yang and Ping Sheng

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(8), 1247; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8081247 - 27 Jul 2018

Cited by 24 | Viewed by 4863

Abstract

As much of metamaterials’ properties originate from resonances, the novel characteristics displayed by acoustic metamaterials are a narrow bandwidth and high dispersive in nature. However, for practical applications, broadband is often a necessity. Furthermore, it would even be better if acoustic metamaterials can [...] Read more.

As much of metamaterials’ properties originate from resonances, the novel characteristics displayed by acoustic metamaterials are a narrow bandwidth and high dispersive in nature. However, for practical applications, broadband is often a necessity. Furthermore, it would even be better if acoustic metamaterials can display tunable bandwidth characteristics, e.g., with an absorption spectrum that is tailored to fit the noise spectrum. In this article we present a designed integration strategy for acoustic metamaterials that not only overcomes the narrow-band Achilles’ heel for acoustic absorption but also achieves such effect with the minimum sample thickness as dictated by the law of nature. The three elements of the design strategy comprise: (a) the causality constraint, (b) the determination of resonant mode density in accordance with the input target impedance, and (c) the accounting of absorption by evanescent waves. Here, the causality constraint relates the absorption spectrum to a minimum sample thickness, derived from the causal nature of the acoustic response. We have successfully implemented the design strategy by realizing three structures of which one acoustic metamaterial structure, comprising 16 Fabry-Perot resonators, is shown to exhibit near-perfect flat absorption spectrum starting at 400 Hz. The sample has a thickness of 10.86 cm, whereas the minimum thickness as dictated by the causality constraint is 10.55 cm in this particular case. A second structure demonstrates the flexible tunability of the design strategy by opening a reflection notch in the absorption spectrum, extending from 600 to 1000 Hz, with a sample thickness that is only 3 mm above the causality minimum. We compare the designed absorption structure with conventional absorption materials/structures, such as the acoustic sponge and micro-perforated plate, with equal thicknesses as the metamaterial structure. In both cases the designed metamaterial structure displays superior absorption performance in the target frequency range. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Acoustic Metamaterials)

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18 pages, 3132 KiB

Open AccessReview

Acoustic Metamaterials in Aeronautics

by Giorgio Palma, Huina Mao, Lorenzo Burghignoli, Peter Göransson and Umberto Iemma

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(6), 971; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8060971 - 13 Jun 2018

Cited by 38 | Viewed by 11504

Abstract

Metamaterials, man-made composites that are scaled smaller than the wavelength, have demonstrated a huge potential for application in acoustics, allowing the production of sub-wavelength acoustic absorbers, acoustic invisibility, perfect acoustic mirrors and acoustic lenses for hyper focusing, and acoustic illusions and enabling new [...] Read more.

Metamaterials, man-made composites that are scaled smaller than the wavelength, have demonstrated a huge potential for application in acoustics, allowing the production of sub-wavelength acoustic absorbers, acoustic invisibility, perfect acoustic mirrors and acoustic lenses for hyper focusing, and acoustic illusions and enabling new degrees of freedom in the control of the acoustic field. The zero, or even negative, refractive sound index of metamaterials offers possibilities for the control of acoustic patterns and sound at sub-wavelength scales. Despite the tremendous growth in research on acoustic metamaterials during the last decade, the potential of metamaterial-based technologies in aeronautics has still not been fully explored, and its utilization is still in its infancy. Thus, the principal concepts mentioned above could very well provide a means to develop devices that allow the mitigation of the impact of civil aviation noise on the community. This paper gives a review of the most relevant works on acoustic metamaterials, analyzing them for their potential applicability in aeronautics, and, in this process, identifying possible implementation areas and interesting metabehaviors. It also identifies some technical challenges and possible future directions for research with the goal of unveiling the potential of metamaterials technology in aeronautics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Acoustic Metamaterials)

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