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Atmosphere
Special Issues
Greenhouse Gases: Measurements and Analysis
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Greenhouse Gases: Measurements and Analysis

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Quality".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2018) | Viewed by 13999

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Kuo-Ying Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
Interests: climate change; greenhouse gases; air pollution; monitoring; modeling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The 5th IPCC assessment report (AR5) has presented the science of increase in carbon dioxide concentrations and global temperatures. These AR5 conclusions are consistent with previous IPCC reports. The backbone of the IPCC reports is monitoring data. As such, we need continuous measurements of greenhouse gases from local to global scales and from various platforms. These data can help to continuously test and verify our understanding of the spatial and temporal distribution of greenhouse gases. The topics include, but are not limited to:

- Measurement data from land-based stations, ship-based platforms, space-based satellites, and other platforms
- Integration of measurement data
- Monitoring methods
- Using measurement data to derive emission strength
- Application of measurement data for societal benefit

Prof. Kuo-Ying Wang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • climate change
  • greenhouse gases
  • measurements
  • monitoring
  • analysis
  • emission inventory
  • applications

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 2460 KiB  
Article
Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Concentration in Urban, Suburban, and Rural Areas around Tokyo
by Ryoichi Imasu and Yuka Tanabe
Atmosphere 2018, 9(10), 367; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9100367 - 20 Sep 2018
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 4629
Abstract
Site environments and instrumental characteristics of carbon dioxide (CO2) measurements operated by local governments in the Kanto Plain, the center of which is Tokyo, were summarized for this study. The observation sites were classified into environments of three types: urban, suburban, [...] Read more.
Site environments and instrumental characteristics of carbon dioxide (CO2) measurements operated by local governments in the Kanto Plain, the center of which is Tokyo, were summarized for this study. The observation sites were classified into environments of three types: urban, suburban, and woodland. Based on a few decades of accumulated hourly data, the diurnal and seasonal variations of CO2 concentrations were analyzed as a composite of anomalies from annual means recorded for each site. In urban areas, the highest concentrations appear before midnight in winter. The second peak corresponds to the morning rush hour and the strengthening of the inversion layer. Suburban areas can be characterized as having the highest concentration before dawn and the lowest concentration during the daytime in summer in association with the activation of respiration and photosynthesis of vegetation. In these areas, concentration peaks also appear during the morning rush hour. Woodland areas show background features, with the highest concentration in early spring, which are higher than the global background by about 5 ppmv. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Greenhouse Gases: Measurements and Analysis)
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17 pages, 2517 KiB  
Article
An Approach to Estimate Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Total Columns Mole Fraction from Partial Column Sampling
by Jovan M. Tadić and Sébastien C. Biraud
Atmosphere 2018, 9(7), 247; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9070247 - 01 Jul 2018
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3068
Abstract
This study presents a new conceptual approach to estimate total column mole fractions of CO2 and CH4 using partial column data. It provides a link between airborne in situ and remote sensing observations of greenhouse gases. The method relies on in [...] Read more.
This study presents a new conceptual approach to estimate total column mole fractions of CO2 and CH4 using partial column data. It provides a link between airborne in situ and remote sensing observations of greenhouse gases. The method relies on in situ observations, external ancillary sources of information (e.g., atmospheric transport models), and a regression kriging framework. We evaluate our new approach using National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA’s) AirCore program—in situ vertical profiles of CO2 and CH4 collected from weather balloons. Our paper shows that under the specific conditions of this study and assumption of unbiasedness, airborne observations up to 6500–9500 m altitude are required to achieve comparable total column CO2 mole fraction uncertainty as the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) network provides, given as a precision of the ratio between observed and true total column-integrated mole fraction, assuming 400 ppm XCO2 (2σ, e.g., 0.8 ppm). If properly calibrated, our approach could be applied to vertical profiles of CO2 collected from aircraft using a few flask samples, while retaining similar uncertainty level. Our total column CH4 estimates, by contrast, are less accurate than TCCON’s. Aircrafts are not as spatially constrained as TCCON ground stations, so our approach adds value to aircraft-based vertical profiles for evaluating remote sensing platforms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Greenhouse Gases: Measurements and Analysis)
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24 pages, 32418 KiB  
Article
Global Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations Simulated by GEOS-Chem: Comparison with GOSAT, Carbon Tracker and Ground-Based Measurements
by Yingying Jing, Tianxing Wang, Peng Zhang, Lin Chen, Na Xu and Ya Ma
Atmosphere 2018, 9(5), 175; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9050175 - 07 May 2018
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 5918
Abstract
Accurate quantification of the distribution and variability of atmospheric CO2 is crucial for a better understanding of global carbon cycle characteristics and climate change. Model simulation and observations are only two ways to globally estimate CO2 concentrations and fluxes. However, large [...] Read more.
Accurate quantification of the distribution and variability of atmospheric CO2 is crucial for a better understanding of global carbon cycle characteristics and climate change. Model simulation and observations are only two ways to globally estimate CO2 concentrations and fluxes. However, large uncertainties still exist. Therefore, quantifying the differences between model and observations is rather helpful for reducing their uncertainties and further improving model estimations of global CO2 sources and sinks. In this paper, the GEOS-Chem model was selected to simulate CO2 concentration and then compared with the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) observations, CarbonTracker (CT) and the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) measurements during 2009–2011 for quantitatively evaluating the uncertainties of CO2 simulation. The results revealed that the CO2 simulated from GEOS-Chem is in good agreement with other CO2 data sources, but some discrepancies exist including: (1) compared with GOSAT retrievals, modeled XCO2 from GEOS-Chem is somewhat overestimated, with 0.78 ppm on average; (2) compared with CT, the simulated XCO2 from GEOS-Chem is slightly underestimated at most regions, although their time series and correlation show pretty good consistency; (3) compared with the TCCON sites, modeled XCO2 is also underestimated within 1 ppm at most sites, except at Garmisch, Karlsruhe, Sodankylä and Ny-Ålesund. Overall, the results demonstrate that the modeled XCO2 is underestimated on average, however, obviously overestimated XCO2 from GEOS-Chem were found at high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere in summer. These results are helpful for understanding the model uncertainties as well as to further improve the CO2 estimation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Greenhouse Gases: Measurements and Analysis)
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