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Crystals
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MOF-Based Membranes
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MOF-Based Membranes

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Hybrid and Composite Crystalline Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2018) | Viewed by 42772

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jinsoo Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do, Seoul, Korea
Interests: MOF-based electrocatalysts for electrochemical devices; catalytic pyrolysis; hydrodeoxygenation
Prof. Dr. Hae-Kwon Jeong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Department ofMaterials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, CollegeStation, TX, USA
Interests: gas separation; molecular sieve membranes; metal-organic frameworks; polycrystalline films; adsorbents

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are constructed from metal ions (or clusters) and organic linkers, are organic-inorganic hybrid materials with well-defined pore structures. MOFs have exceptionally high porosity, uniform but tunable pore sizes and structural diversity and rich functionalities. As a new class of porous solid materials, MOFs have tremendous attention for a variety of industrial applications including separation membranes. After initial steps of developing different MOF structures into membranes, recent studies on MOF-based membranes focus on the improvement of membrane performance and the issues facing in practical large scale applications.

This Special Issue is dedicated to provide a comprehensive coverage on the recent progresses in “MOF-based Membranes” and their applications. It offers a perfect site to report the synthesis and characterization of MOF-based membranes including polycrystalline MOF membranes and MOF containing mixed matrix membranes, the related membrane fabrication methods, and their applications to gas separation, water separation, etc. Both original papers and critical reviews are welcome.

Prof. Jinsoo Kim
Prof. Hae-Kwon Jeong
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • MOF membranes
  • Mixed matrix membranes
  • Crystal growth
  • Gas separation

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 3587 KiB  
Article
Preparation of Mixed Matrix Membranes Containing ZIF-8 and UiO-66 for Multicomponent Light Gas Separation
by Eun Young Kim, Hyun Su Kim, Donghwi Kim, Jinsoo Kim and Pyung Soo Lee
Crystals 2019, 9(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst9010015 - 26 Dec 2018
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 4491
Abstract
Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) containing zeolitic imidazolite framework-8 (ZIF-8) and UiO-66 as microporous fillers were prepared and evaluated their potential for the separation of a gas mixture produced by a methane reforming process. Hydrothermal synthesis was performed to prepare both the ZIF-8 and [...] Read more.
Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) containing zeolitic imidazolite framework-8 (ZIF-8) and UiO-66 as microporous fillers were prepared and evaluated their potential for the separation of a gas mixture produced by a methane reforming process. Hydrothermal synthesis was performed to prepare both the ZIF-8 and UiO-66 crystals, with crystal sizes ranging from 50 to 70 nm for ZIF-8 and from 200 to 300 nm for UiO-66. MMMs were prepared with 15% filler loading for both MMM (ZIF-8) and MMM (UiO-66). MMM (UiO-66) exhibited H2 permeability of 64.4 barrer and H2/CH4 selectivity of 153.3 for single gas permeation, which are more than twice the values that were exhibited by a neat polymer membrane. MMM (ZIF-8) also showed better separation properties than that of a neat polymer membrane with H2 permeability of 27.1 barrer and H2/CH4 selectivity of 123.2. When a gas mixture consisting of 78% Ar/18% H2/4% CH4 flowed into the membranes at 5 bar, the H2 purity increased to as high as 93%. However, no improvement in the mixture gas separation performance was achieved by the MMMs as compared to that of a neat polymer membrane. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue MOF-Based Membranes)
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10 pages, 2392 KiB  
Article
Continuous Crystalline Membranes of a Ni(II)-Based Pillared-Layer Metal-Organic Framework In Situ Grown on Nickel Foam with Two Orientations
by Yu-Qi Wu, Lin-Hua Xie, Xi Qin, Yu-Xiu Sun, Ya-Bo Xie and Jian-Rong Li
Crystals 2018, 8(10), 383; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8100383 - 08 Oct 2018
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 5131
Abstract
The membranes of a pillared-layer structure Metal-Organic Framework (MOF), [Ni(HBTC)(4,4′-bipy)] (HBTC = 1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, 4,4′-bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine), have been in situ fabricated on Nickel foam substrate. The orientations of MOF crystals in the membranes can be controlled by the molar ratio of ligand [...] Read more.
The membranes of a pillared-layer structure Metal-Organic Framework (MOF), [Ni(HBTC)(4,4′-bipy)] (HBTC = 1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, 4,4′-bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine), have been in situ fabricated on Nickel foam substrate. The orientations of MOF crystals in the membranes can be controlled by the molar ratio of ligand H3BTC to 4,4′-bipyridine. Scanning electron microscope images and powder X-ray diffraction patterns were used to characterize the membranes and confirm the orientations of their MOF layers. Control experiments have revealed that the presence of homologous metal element Nickel in both the MOF and the substrate and the presence of the neutral 4,4′-bipyridine in the reaction system are necessary for in situ growth of the well-intergrown MOF membranes. This work provides a successful example of directly growing continuous MOF layers on porous metallic substrate with desired orientations by a facile approach. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue MOF-Based Membranes)
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11 pages, 4723 KiB  
Article
Propylene-Selective Thin Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Membranes on Ceramic Tubes by Microwave Seeding and Solvothermal Secondary Growth
by Jingze Sun, Chen Yu and Hae-Kwon Jeong
Crystals 2018, 8(10), 373; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8100373 - 21 Sep 2018
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 5067
Abstract
Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) membranes have attracted tremendous interest for their high-resolution kinetic separation of propylene/propane mixtures. Current polycrystalline ZIF-8 membranes are supported mostly on planar ceramic substrates (e.g., alumina disks) because of their high thermal, chemical, and mechanical stabilities and facile manufacturing [...] Read more.
Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) membranes have attracted tremendous interest for their high-resolution kinetic separation of propylene/propane mixtures. Current polycrystalline ZIF-8 membranes are supported mostly on planar ceramic substrates (e.g., alumina disks) because of their high thermal, chemical, and mechanical stabilities and facile manufacturing in the labs. Planar supports are, however, not scalable for practical separation applications owing to their low packing density (typically 30–500 m2/m3). On the other hand, ceramic tubes provide order-of-magnitude higher packing densities than planar supports (i.e., much higher membrane areas per module). Here, we report polycrystalline ZIF-8 membranes with thicknesses of ~1.2 μm grown on the bore side of commercially-available ceramic tubes using the microwave seeding and secondary growth technique. The tubular ZIF-8 membranes showed excellent propylene/propane separation factors of ~80, exceeding all currently-reported ZIF-8 membranes on ceramic tubes. It was found that the secondary growth time was critical to enhance the propylene/propane separation factor of the membranes. Membranes were also grown on the shell side of tubular supports, showing the versatility of our technique. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue MOF-Based Membranes)
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Review

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26 pages, 6507 KiB  
Review
Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Membranes for Light Olefin/Paraffin Separation
by Xiaoli Ma and Defei Liu
Crystals 2019, 9(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst9010014 - 25 Dec 2018
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 7961
Abstract
Propylene/propane and ethylene/ethane separations are performed by energy-intensive distillation processes, and membrane separation may provide substantial energy and capital cost savings. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) have emerged as promising membrane materials for olefin/paraffin separation due to their tunable pore size and chemistry property, [...] Read more.
Propylene/propane and ethylene/ethane separations are performed by energy-intensive distillation processes, and membrane separation may provide substantial energy and capital cost savings. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) have emerged as promising membrane materials for olefin/paraffin separation due to their tunable pore size and chemistry property, and excellent chemical and thermal stability. In this review, we summarize the recent advances on ZIF membranes for propylene/propane and ethylene/ethane separations. Membrane fabrication methods such as in situ crystallization, seeded growth, counter-diffusion synthesis, interfacial microfluidic processing, vapor-phase and current-driven synthesis are presented. The gas permeation and separation characteristics and membrane stability are also discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue MOF-Based Membranes)
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55 pages, 32414 KiB  
Review
Metal–Organic Framework Membranes: From Fabrication to Gas Separation
by Osama Shekhah, Valeriya Chernikova, Youssef Belmabkhout and Mohamed Eddaoudi
Crystals 2018, 8(11), 412; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8110412 - 31 Oct 2018
Cited by 50 | Viewed by 11200
Abstract
Gas membrane-based separation is considered one of the most effective technologies to address energy efficiency and large footprint challenges. Various classes of advanced materials, including polymers, zeolites, porous carbons, and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been investigated as potential suitable candidates for gas membrane-based [...] Read more.
Gas membrane-based separation is considered one of the most effective technologies to address energy efficiency and large footprint challenges. Various classes of advanced materials, including polymers, zeolites, porous carbons, and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been investigated as potential suitable candidates for gas membrane-based separations. MOFs possess a uniquely tunable nature in which the pore size and environment can be controlled by connecting metal ions (or metal ion clusters) with organic linkers of various functionalities. This unique characteristic makes them attractive for the fabrication of thin membranes, as both the diffusion and solubility components of permeability can be altered. Numerous studies have been published on the synthesis and applications of MOFs, as well as the fabrication of MOF-based thin films. However, few studies have addressed their gas separation properties for potential applications in membrane-based separation technologies. Here, we present a synopsis of the different types of MOF-based membranes that have been fabricated over the past decade. In this review, we start with a short introduction touching on the gas separation membrane technology. We also shed light on the various techniques developed for the fabrication of MOF as membranes, and the key challenges that still need to be tackled before MOF-based membranes can successfully be used in gas separation and implemented in an industrial setting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue MOF-Based Membranes)
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32 pages, 17582 KiB  
Review
Luminescent Metal–Organic Framework Thin Films: From Preparation to Biomedical Sensing Applications
by Zhengluan Liao, Tifeng Xia, Enyan Yu and Yuanjing Cui
Crystals 2018, 8(9), 338; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8090338 - 23 Aug 2018
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 7836
Abstract
Metal-organic framework (MOF) thin films are receiving increasing attention in a number of different application fields, such as optoelectronics, gas separation, catalysis electronic devices, and biomedicine. In particular, their tunable composition and structure, accessible metal sites and potential for post-synthetic modification for molecular [...] Read more.
Metal-organic framework (MOF) thin films are receiving increasing attention in a number of different application fields, such as optoelectronics, gas separation, catalysis electronic devices, and biomedicine. In particular, their tunable composition and structure, accessible metal sites and potential for post-synthetic modification for molecular recognition make MOF thin films promising candidates for biosensing applications. Compared with solution-based powdery probes, film-based probes have distinct advantages of good stability and portability, tunable shape and size, real-time detection, non-invasion, extensive suitability in gas/vapor sensing, and recycling. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in luminescent MOF thin films, including the fabrication methods and origins of luminescence. Specifically, luminescent MOF thin films as biosensors for temperature, ions, gases and biomolecules are highlighted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue MOF-Based Membranes)
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