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Algal Biotechnology

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A4: Bio-Energy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 May 2019) | Viewed by 9954

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
Interests: bio-energy; metabolomics; mass spectrometry imaging; microbial biotechnology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There is a growing need to meet our energy demands through sustainable methods with minimal impact on our environment. In particular, ways to minimize carbon emissions are urgently needed. One potential route to achieve this, especially for transportation fuel, is to harness the power of algae biotechnology. Algae are photosynthetic microorganisms that can be used to convert solar energy into biological or chemical forms of energy, and develop processes that are potentially carbon neutral, or even those with a carbon deficit. Algae also offer viable routes for harnessing solar energy in the form of chemical energy that is suitable for storage and transportation. Whilst the more popular conceptual route to energy generation from algae has been using it to accumulate lipids and produce biodiesel, algae can potentially be employed to derive other forms of energy too. These include hydrogen production by cyanobacteria, and the use of algae biomass as a carbon neutral feedstock in biochemical conversion routes to produce biogas, bioethanol or biobutanol, or thermochemical conversion routes to produce bio-oil, syngas and combustible carbon. There are technological challenges in each of these routes, with respect to achieving economic and environmental sustainability in the process adopted to serve as a viable alternative to fossil fuel-derived energy. Challenges include maximizing carbon uptake by algae, maximizing yields of desired products, and engineering sustainable solutions. This Special Issue focuses on current technical advances in algal biotechnology that would bring the different options closer to the reality of sustainable energy generation.

Dr. Raman Vaidyanathan
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • algal carbon sequestration
  • biomass and biofuels
  • hydrothermal liquefaction
  • transportation fuels
  • synthetic biology
  • metabolic engineering
  • biomass harvesting
  • microbial fuel cells
  • microbial consortia
  • renewable energy

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1517 KiB  
Article
Characterization and Analysis of Malaysian Macroalgae Biomass as Potential Feedstock for Bio-Oil Production
by Mei Yin Ong, Nor-Insyirah Syahira Abdul Latif, Hui Yi Leong, Bello Salman, Pau Loke Show and Saifuddin Nomanbhay
Energies 2019, 12(18), 3509; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12183509 - 12 Sep 2019
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4168
Abstract
The potential of Caulerpa lentillifera, Gracilaria coronopifolia and Chaetomorpha linum, as biomass feedstock was investigated in this study. It was concluded that seaweed is more suitable for bio-based products synthesis, i.e., bioplastic and bio-lubricants, instead of biofuels due to its relatively [...] Read more.
The potential of Caulerpa lentillifera, Gracilaria coronopifolia and Chaetomorpha linum, as biomass feedstock was investigated in this study. It was concluded that seaweed is more suitable for bio-based products synthesis, i.e., bioplastic and bio-lubricants, instead of biofuels due to its relatively low calorific value (~12 MJ/kg). Since seaweed has high moisture content (~80%), hydrothermal liquefaction is recommended, and its efficiency can be further enhanced through microwave technology. Besides, it is found that the thermal degradation of seaweed was best described with the reaction order of 1. The kinetic results also indicated that seaweed consists of lower activation energy (<30 kJ/mol) in comparison with terrestrial biomass (50–170 kJ/mol). Hence, seaweed has a high potential to be used as biomass feedstock, particularly Chaetomorpha linum, as it has no conflict with other interests. Lastly, acetic-acid pre-treatment was suggested to be an optional process in order to increase the algal conversion efficiency as it can reduce up to 25% of ash content. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Algal Biotechnology)
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12 pages, 1608 KiB  
Article
Investigation of the Relationship between Bacteria Growth and Lipid Production Cultivating of Microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris in Seafood Wastewater
by Thi Dong Phuong Nguyen, Duc Huy Nguyen, Jun Wei Lim, Chih-Kai Chang, Hui Yi Leong, Thi Ngoc Thu Tran, Thi Bich Hau Vu, Thi Trung Chinh Nguyen and Pau Loke Show
Energies 2019, 12(12), 2282; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12122282 - 14 Jun 2019
Cited by 64 | Viewed by 4825
Abstract
Algae biorefinery is gaining much attention for the sustainable production of value-added products (e.g., biofuels, protein supplements etc.) globally. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between lipid production and bacteria growth by an initial microalgae Chlorella vulgaris density culture in seafood [...] Read more.
Algae biorefinery is gaining much attention for the sustainable production of value-added products (e.g., biofuels, protein supplements etc.) globally. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between lipid production and bacteria growth by an initial microalgae Chlorella vulgaris density culture in seafood wastewater effluent (SWE). According to our results, the initial C. vulgaris concentration in SWE influenced lipid accumulation. The concentration ranged from 25–35 mg·L−1 which corresponds to SWE’s chemical oxygen demand concentration of 365.67 ± 3.45 mg·L−1. A higher microalgae growth rate and lipid content of 32.15 ± 1.45% was successfully attained. A higher lipid content, approximately double, was observed when compared to the control (16.8 ± 0.5%). Moreover, this study demonstrates that bacteria inhibited microalgae growth as the initial cell density stepped over 35 mg·L−1, which also affected lipid accumulation. This study shows an optimal lipid accumulation attained at moderate Chlorella vulgaris density culture in SWE. Hence, wastewater treatment incorporating microalgae culture could be greatly developed in the future to achieve a greener environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Algal Biotechnology)
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