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Control in Power Electronics
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Control in Power Electronics

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F: Electrical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2019) | Viewed by 52653

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. George Weiss

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, Tel Aviv, Israel
Interests: distributer parameter systems; control theory; power electronics
Prof. Dr. Yoash Levron

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Viterbi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
Interests: energy conversion; power systems; power electronics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Power electronics is now in a period of rapid development, driven by the advances and the needs of related fields, such as power systems (the total transformation of the power grid and its energy sources) and electric vehicles. Advances in power electronics are based on three main directions: devices, topologies, and control. In this Special Issue, we shall bring together advances in power electronics based on the application of sophisticated control techniques, such as robust control, model predictive control, and regulator theory, as well as advances in control theory that are clealy motivated by the needs of power electronics.

Possible topics include:

  • High precision motion control via power electronic drives
  • Control for modular multilevel converters and HVDC technology
  • Grid support from inverters, e.g., via virtual inertia and energy storage
  • Control of microgrids and smart grids, communication, and stability
  • Control of circuits with special new topologies
  • Advanced control for active power filters
  • Control of electric vehicles, including their charging

Prof. Dr. George Weiss
Prof. Dr. Yoash Levron
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electric vehicles and drives 
  • modular multilevel converters, HVDC 
  • renewable energy grid integration, grid stability 
  • distributed generation, power sharing 
  • microgrids, frequency, and voltage regulation 
  • control theory for power electronics

Published Papers (15 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 3351 KiB  
Article
Real-Time Reliability Monitoring of DC-Link Capacitors in Back-to-Back Converters
by Ahmed G. Abo-Khalil, Saeed Alyami, Ayman Alhejji and Ahmed B. Awan
Energies 2019, 12(12), 2369; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12122369 - 20 Jun 2019
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2803
Abstract
Electrolytic capacitors have large capacity, low price, and fast charge/discharge characteristics. Therefore, they are widely used in various power conversion devices. These electrolytic capacitors are mainly used for temporary storage and voltage stabilization of DC energy and have recently been used in the [...] Read more.
Electrolytic capacitors have large capacity, low price, and fast charge/discharge characteristics. Therefore, they are widely used in various power conversion devices. These electrolytic capacitors are mainly used for temporary storage and voltage stabilization of DC energy and have recently been used in the renewable energy field for linking AC/DC voltage and buffering charge/discharge energy. However, electrolytic capacitors continue to be disadvantageous in their reliability due to their structural weaknesses due to the use of electrolytes and very thin oxide and dielectric materials. Most capacitors are considered a failure when the capacitance has changed by 25% of its initial value. Accurate and fast monitoring or estimation techniques are essential to be used with low cost and no extra hardware. In order to achieve these objectives, an online, reliable, and high-quality technique that continuously monitors the DC-link capacitor condition in a three-phase back-to-back converter is proposed. In this paper, the particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based support vector regression (PSO-SVR) approach is employed for online capacitance estimation based on sensing or deriving the capacitor current. Because the SVR performance alone severely depends on the tuning of its parameters, the PSO algorithm is used, which enables a fast online-based approach with high-parameter estimation accuracy. Experimental results are provided to verify the validity of the method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control in Power Electronics)
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17 pages, 8507 KiB  
Article
A Generic Control-Oriented Model Order Reduction Approach for High Step-Up DC/DC Converters Based on Voltage Multiplier
by Binxin Zhu, Qingdian Zeng, Mahinda Vilathgamuwa, Yang Li and Yao Chen
Energies 2019, 12(10), 1971; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12101971 - 23 May 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3097
Abstract
The modeling and control system design of high step-up DC/DC converters based on voltage multipliers (VMs) are difficult, due to the various circuit topologies and the presence of large number of capacitors in VMs. This paper proposes a generic approach to reduce the [...] Read more.
The modeling and control system design of high step-up DC/DC converters based on voltage multipliers (VMs) are difficult, due to the various circuit topologies and the presence of large number of capacitors in VMs. This paper proposes a generic approach to reduce the model order of such converters by replacing the VM capacitors with voltage sources controlled by the output voltage of the converter. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the derived models can accurately represent the low frequency response of the converter which is valuable for obtaining a small-signal AC model for control system design. The detailed modeling and controller design process are demonstrated for the converter, and the obtained simulation results are verified experimentally on a 400 W prototype. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control in Power Electronics)
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18 pages, 11604 KiB  
Article
Elimination of Common Mode Voltage in Three-To-Six-Phase Matrix Converter
by Janina Rząsa and Elżbieta Sztajmec
Energies 2019, 12(9), 1662; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12091662 - 01 May 2019
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2356
Abstract
The matrix converter (MC) is the n-phase input and m-phase output power electronic system. To synthesis the controllable sinusoidal output voltage and input current with controllable input displacement angle, the pulse width modulation method (PWM) is used in the MC. During the modulation [...] Read more.
The matrix converter (MC) is the n-phase input and m-phase output power electronic system. To synthesis the controllable sinusoidal output voltage and input current with controllable input displacement angle, the pulse width modulation method (PWM) is used in the MC. During the modulation process a problem of the common mode voltage (CMV) exists. The elimination of the CMV in three-to-six-phase MC by usage of only rotating voltage space vectors is analyzed in the paper. The carrier based implementation of the space vector modulation (SVM) with Venturini modulation functions is applied to the control of the three-to-six-phase MC. Entire elimination of the CMV in three-to-six-phase MC is presented in the paper. The simulation and experiment results confirm utility of the proposed modulation method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control in Power Electronics)
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23 pages, 4306 KiB  
Article
Arm Power Control of the Modular Multilevel Converter in Photovoltaic Applications
by Anirudh Budnar Acharya, Mattia Ricco, Dezso Sera, Remus Teodorescu and Lars Einar Norum
Energies 2019, 12(9), 1620; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12091620 - 29 Apr 2019
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3072
Abstract
In this paper, a control method is proposed that allows the extraction of maximum power from each individual photovoltaic string connected to the Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) and inject balanced power to the AC grid. The MMC solution used does not need additional [...] Read more.
In this paper, a control method is proposed that allows the extraction of maximum power from each individual photovoltaic string connected to the Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) and inject balanced power to the AC grid. The MMC solution used does not need additional DC–DC converters for the maximum power point tracking. In the MMC, the photovoltaic strings are connected directly to the sub-modules. It is shown that the proposed inverter solution can provide balanced three-phase output power despite an unbalanced power generation. The maximum power of the photovoltaic string is effectively harnessed due to the increased granularity of the maximum power point tracking. An algorithm that tracks the sub-module capacitor voltages to their respective voltage references is proposed. A detailed modeling and control method for balanced operation of the proposed topology is discussed. The operation of the MMC under unbalanced power generation is discussed. Simulation results are provided that show the effectiveness of the proposed control under unequal irradiance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control in Power Electronics)
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15 pages, 4701 KiB  
Article
Observer-Based Sliding Mode Control to Improve Stability of Three-Phase LCL-Filtered Grid-Connected VSIs
by Min Huang, Han Li, Weimin Wu and Frede Blaabjerg
Energies 2019, 12(8), 1421; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12081421 - 12 Apr 2019
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3196
Abstract
Grid-connected voltage source inverters (VSIs) with LCL filters have been widely used for distributed generation systems (DGs). Various control methods have been studied to achieve good performance. Among them, sliding mode control has been applied to LCL-filtered grid-connected VSIs for its fast, dynamic [...] Read more.
Grid-connected voltage source inverters (VSIs) with LCL filters have been widely used for distributed generation systems (DGs). Various control methods have been studied to achieve good performance. Among them, sliding mode control has been applied to LCL-filtered grid-connected VSIs for its fast, dynamic response and strong robustness. However, LCL networks can easily cause instability problems under weak grid conditions such as grid impedance variation. At the same time, the stability design of sliding mode control applied for LCL-filtered grid-connected inverters are important, but they lack detailed parameters design in recent papers. In this paper, a design of observer-based sliding mode control to improve the stability of three-phase LCL-filtered grid-connected VSIs was proposed. The theoretical stability analysis was developed to consider the effect of the system discretization and grid impedance variations. Finally, a 3-kW, 110-V, 50-Hz experimental setup has been built to demonstrate the validation of the proposed method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control in Power Electronics)
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14 pages, 5465 KiB  
Article
A Trapezoidal Velocity Profile Generator for Position Control Using a Feedback Strategy
by Hong-Jun Heo, Yungdeug Son and Jang-Mok Kim
Energies 2019, 12(7), 1222; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12071222 - 29 Mar 2019
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 5381
Abstract
Position control is usually achieved using a position controller and a profile generator. The profile generator produces a desired position trajectory from a position reference and predefined profiles. The position controller forces the actual position to trace the generated position trajectory. A time-based [...] Read more.
Position control is usually achieved using a position controller and a profile generator. The profile generator produces a desired position trajectory from a position reference and predefined profiles. The position controller forces the actual position to trace the generated position trajectory. A time-based profile generator is the most famous profile generator due to its capability of generating various profiles. However, time base difference in analysis and implementation causes a steady-state error. In order to remove the steady-state error, this paper proposes a novel profile generator for a trapezoidal velocity profile generation. The proposed generator is based on a cascaded P-PI position controller which is designed to trace the position reference. A dynamic range limiter is adopted to provide the acceleration and velocity restrictions which are basic functions for generating the trapezoidal profile. In spite of these restrictions, it cannot make a desired velocity profile only using the limiter because deceleration point is inaccurate. To adjust the deceleration point, a feedback compensator is designed which requires the velocity of the deceleration point. The velocity of the deceleration point is estimated from the initial position error. The compensator moves the deceleration point to the appropriate point which can generate the desired velocity profile. The proposed profile generator can remove the steady-state error, and the position response can be easily adjusted to be either overdamped or underdamped by selecting the two gains appropriately. Several experimental results are presented to verify the usefulness of the proposed generator. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control in Power Electronics)
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17 pages, 6968 KiB  
Article
A Comprehensive VSM Control Strategy Designed for Unbalanced Grids
by Huiyu Miao, Fei Mei, Yun Yang, Hongfei Chen and Jianyong Zheng
Energies 2019, 12(6), 1169; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12061169 - 26 Mar 2019
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3819
Abstract
A virtual synchronous machine (VSM) is a converter which, compared to other types of converters, has more friendly interactions with the power grid because it is able to simulate the external characteristics of a synchronous machine, which can provide virtual inertia and damping. [...] Read more.
A virtual synchronous machine (VSM) is a converter which, compared to other types of converters, has more friendly interactions with the power grid because it is able to simulate the external characteristics of a synchronous machine, which can provide virtual inertia and damping. When the grid voltage is unbalanced, there will be negative sequence current and power oscillations. There will also be double-frequency ripples on the DC bus, which affect the normal operation of the DC power source or load. In order to solve these problems, a comprehensive control strategy is proposed in this paper. The principle of a VSM operated as a current source converter, also called VISMA, is used in the design. A complex coefficient filter is applied to separate the positive and negative sequence components of the grid voltage. By analyzing the reasons of power oscillations under unbalanced voltage, the electrical simulation part of the VSM is improved to achieve several objectives: to suppress negative sequence current and DC voltage ripples. Additionally, the rated voltage in the reactive control part is adaptively adjusted to stabilize the system. The validity of the proposed control strategy is verified by simulation and experiment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control in Power Electronics)
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14 pages, 5473 KiB  
Article
MPC with Constant Switching Frequency for Inverter-Based Distributed Generations in Microgrid Using Gradient Descent
by Hyeong-Jun Yoo, Thai-Thanh Nguyen and Hak-Man Kim
Energies 2019, 12(6), 1156; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12061156 - 25 Mar 2019
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3342
Abstract
Variable switching frequency in the finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) method causes a negative impact on the converter efficiency and the design of the output filters. Several studies have addressed the problem, but they are either complicated or require heavy computation. [...] Read more.
Variable switching frequency in the finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) method causes a negative impact on the converter efficiency and the design of the output filters. Several studies have addressed the problem, but they are either complicated or require heavy computation. This study proposes a new model predictive control (MPC) method with constant switching frequency, which is simple to implement and needs only a small computation time. The proposed MPC method is based on the gradient descent (GD) method to find the optimal voltage vector. Since the cost function of the MPC method is represented in the strongly convex function, the optimal voltage vector could be found quickly by using the GD method, which reduces the computation time of the MPC method. The design of the proposed MPC method based on GD (GD-MPC) is shown in this study. The feasibility of the proposed GD-MPC is evaluated in the real-time simulation using OPAL-RT technologies. The performance of the proposed method in the case of single inverter operation or parallel inverter operation is shown. A comparison study on the proposed GD-MPC and the MPC with the concept of the virtual state vector (VSV-MPC) is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed predictive control. Real-time simulation results show that the proposed GD-MPC method performs better with a low total harmonic distortion (THD) value of output current and short computation time, compared to the VSV-MPC method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control in Power Electronics)
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12 pages, 3244 KiB  
Article
Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor Sensorless Control Using Proportional-Integral Linear Observer with Virtual Variables: A Comparative Study with a Sliding Mode Observer
by Baochao Wang, Yangrui Wang, Liguo Feng, Shanlin Jiang, Qian Wang and Jianhui Hu
Energies 2019, 12(5), 877; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12050877 - 06 Mar 2019
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2807
Abstract
Quick convergence, simple implementation, and accurate estimation are essential features of realizing permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) position estimation for sensorless control using microcontrollers. A linear observer is often designed on real plant variables and is more sensitive to parameter uncertainty/variations. Thus, conventionally, a [...] Read more.
Quick convergence, simple implementation, and accurate estimation are essential features of realizing permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) position estimation for sensorless control using microcontrollers. A linear observer is often designed on real plant variables and is more sensitive to parameter uncertainty/variations. Thus, conventionally, a sliding mode observer (SMO)-based technique is widely used for its simplicity and convergence ability against parameter uncertainty. Although SMO has been improved for switching chattering and phase delay, it provides purely proportional gain, which leads to steady-state error and chattering in observation results. Different from conventional linear observer using real plant variables or SMO with proportional gain, a simple proportional-integral linear observer (PILO) using virtual variables is proposed in this paper. This paper also provides a comparative study with SMO. By introducing virtual variables without physical meaning, the PILO is able to simplify observer relations, get smaller phase shifts, adapt mismatched parameters, and obtain a fixed phase-shift relation. The PILO is not only simple, but also improves the estimation precision by solving the controversy between chattering and phase-delay, steady-state error. Moreover, the PILO is less sensitive to parameters mismatching. Simulation and experimental results indicate the merits of the PILO technique. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control in Power Electronics)
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14 pages, 9026 KiB  
Article
A Novel Filter Extracted Equivalent Control Based Fixed Frequency Sliding Mode Approach for Power Electronic Converters
by Abdul Rehman Yasin, Muhammad Ashraf and Aamer Iqbal Bhatti
Energies 2019, 12(5), 853; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12050853 - 05 Mar 2019
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2663
Abstract
The key issue in the implementation of the Sliding Mode Control (SMC) in analogue circuits and power electronic converters is its variable switching frequency. The drifting frequency causes electromagnetic compatibility issues and also adversely affect the efficiency of the converter, because the proper [...] Read more.
The key issue in the implementation of the Sliding Mode Control (SMC) in analogue circuits and power electronic converters is its variable switching frequency. The drifting frequency causes electromagnetic compatibility issues and also adversely affect the efficiency of the converter, because the proper size of the inductor and the capacitor depends upon the switching frequency. Pulse Width Modulation based SMC (PWM-SMC) offers the solution, however, it uses either boundary layer approach or employs pulse width modulation of the ideal equivalent control signal. The first technique compromises the performance within the boundary layer, while the latter may not possess properties like robustness and order reduction due to the absence of the discontinuous function. In this research, a novel approach to fix the switching frequency in SMC is proposed, that employs a low pass filter to extract the equivalent control from the discontinuous function, such that the performance and robustness remains intact. To benchmark the experimental observations, a comparison with existing double integral type PWM-SMC is also presented. The results confirm that an improvement of 20% in the rise time and 25.3% in the settling time is obtained. The voltage sag during step change in load is reduced to 42.86%, indicating the increase in the robustness. The experiments prove the hypothesis that a discontinuous function based fixed frequency SMC performs better in terms of disturbances rejection as compared to its counterpart based solely on ideal equivalent control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control in Power Electronics)
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15 pages, 2940 KiB  
Article
Disturbance Rejection Control Method of Double-Switch Buck-Boost Converter Using Combined Control Strategy
by Jiang You, Weiyan Fan, Lijun Yu, Bin Fu and Mengyan Liao
Energies 2019, 12(2), 278; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12020278 - 16 Jan 2019
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3163
Abstract
Since it has strong ability to realize a conversion to adapt to a wide variation of input voltage, the double-switch buck-boost (DSBB) converter is usually employed as a front-end converter in two-stage power converter systems, where conversion efficiency is always highly valued. Because [...] Read more.
Since it has strong ability to realize a conversion to adapt to a wide variation of input voltage, the double-switch buck-boost (DSBB) converter is usually employed as a front-end converter in two-stage power converter systems, where conversion efficiency is always highly valued. Because there is only one switch in the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) state in the buck or boost work mode, the combined control scheme was investigated for its advantages in inductor average current and conversion efficiency. However, in this method, the operation mode should be determined by additional logic according to the change of input voltage. Moreover, different control systems should be designed for different operation modes to guarantee dynamic control performance and smooth transition between different work modes. To address these issues, the linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) method is introduced to develop an inner current control loop in this paper. In this method, the model deviations in different work modes are considered as a generalized disturbance, and a unified current control plant can be derived for current controller design. Furthermore, the duty cycle limitations in practice are considered, an additional mode for transitional operation is produced, and the corresponding control scheme is also developed. Simulation and experimental test results are provided to validate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control in Power Electronics)
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14 pages, 8471 KiB  
Article
Sequential Model Predictive Control of Three-Phase Direct Matrix Converter
by Jianwei Zhang, Margarita Norambuena, Li Li, David Dorrell and Jose Rodriguez
Energies 2019, 12(2), 214; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12020214 - 10 Jan 2019
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3807
Abstract
The matrix converter (MC) is a promising converter that performs the direct AC-to-AC conversion. Model predictive control (MPC) is a simple and powerful tool for power electronic converters, including the MC. However, weighting factor design and heavy computational burden impose significant challenges for [...] Read more.
The matrix converter (MC) is a promising converter that performs the direct AC-to-AC conversion. Model predictive control (MPC) is a simple and powerful tool for power electronic converters, including the MC. However, weighting factor design and heavy computational burden impose significant challenges for this control strategy. This paper investigates the generalized sequential MPC (SMPC) for a three-phase direct MC. In this control strategy, each control objective has an individual cost function and these cost functions are evaluated sequentially based on priority. The complex weighting factor design process is not required. Compared with the standard MPC, the computation burden is reduced because only the pre-selected switch states are evaluated in the second and subsequent sequential cost functions. In addition, the prediction model computation for the following cost functions is also reduced. Specifying the priority for control objectives can be achieved. A comparative study with traditional MPC is carried out both in simulation and an experiment. Comparable control performance to the traditional MPC is achieved. This controller is suitable for the MC because of the reduced computational burden. Simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control in Power Electronics)
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18 pages, 9045 KiB  
Article
Low-Voltage Ride-Through Operation of Grid-Connected Microgrid Using Consensus-Based Distributed Control
by Woon-Gyu Lee, Thai-Thanh Nguyen, Hyeong-Jun Yoo and Hak-Man Kim
Energies 2018, 11(11), 2867; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11112867 - 23 Oct 2018
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 4287
Abstract
Since the penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) and energy storage systems (ESSs) into the microgrid (MG) system has increased significantly, the sudden disconnection of DERs and ESSs might affect the stability and reliability of the whole MG system. The low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) [...] Read more.
Since the penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) and energy storage systems (ESSs) into the microgrid (MG) system has increased significantly, the sudden disconnection of DERs and ESSs might affect the stability and reliability of the whole MG system. The low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability to maintain stable operation of the MG system should be considered. The main contribution of this study is to propose a distributed control, based on a dynamic consensus algorithm for LVRT operation of the MG system. The proposed control method is based on a hierarchical control that consists of primary and secondary layers. The primary layer is in charge of power regulation, while the secondary layer is responsible for the LVRT operation of the MG system. The droop controller is used in the primary layer to maintain power sharing among parallel-distributed generators in the MG system. The dynamic consensus algorithm is used in the secondary layer to control the accurate reactive power sharing and voltage restoration for LVRT operation. A comparison study on the proposed control method and centralized control method is presented in this study to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller. Different scenarios of communication failures are carried out to show the reliability of the proposed control method. The tested MG system and proposed controller are modeled in a MATLAB/Simulink environment to show the feasibility of the proposed control method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control in Power Electronics)
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13 pages, 6344 KiB  
Article
Digital Adaptive Hysteresis Current Control for Multi-Functional Inverters
by Triet Nguyen-Van, Rikiya Abe and Kenji Tanaka
Energies 2018, 11(9), 2422; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11092422 - 13 Sep 2018
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3461
Abstract
This paper proposes a digital adaptive hysteresis current control method for multi-functional inverters in a power-flow control device called digital grid router. Each inverter can be controlled in master, grid-connected, or stand-alone modes, which can be specified by the controller. While the popular [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a digital adaptive hysteresis current control method for multi-functional inverters in a power-flow control device called digital grid router. Each inverter can be controlled in master, grid-connected, or stand-alone modes, which can be specified by the controller. While the popular linear sine-triangle pulse width modulation (SPWM) control technique requires complicated proportional-integral (PI) regulators with an unavoidable time delay, hysteresis current control has a simple structure, fast responses, and robustness due to its independent system of parameters. Since the hysteresis current control method controls the output current stay around the reference current directly, in the multi-functional inverter, the reference output is not given by a current directly. Thus, the reference current used to implement the hysteresis current control in this study is calculated from the given reference voltage or power in each control mode. The controller uses high-speed sampled data at MHz level and is implemented by using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). Experimental results show good performances of the proposed controller in controlling power exchanges in the digital grid router. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control in Power Electronics)
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21 pages, 6999 KiB  
Article
Direct Phase Angle and Voltage Amplitude Model Predictive Control of a Power Converter for Microgrid Applications
by Thai-Thanh Nguyen, Hyeong-Jun Yoo, Hak-Man Kim and Huy Nguyen-Duc
Energies 2018, 11(9), 2254; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11092254 - 27 Aug 2018
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4276
Abstract
Several control strategies of the finite control set model predictive controls (FCS-MPC) have been proposed for power converters, such as predictive current control (PCC), direct predictive power control (DPPC), and predictive voltage control (PVC). However, for microgrid (MG) applications, the control strategy of [...] Read more.
Several control strategies of the finite control set model predictive controls (FCS-MPC) have been proposed for power converters, such as predictive current control (PCC), direct predictive power control (DPPC), and predictive voltage control (PVC). However, for microgrid (MG) applications, the control strategy of the FCS-MPC for a power converter might be changed according to the operation mode of the MG system, which results in a transient response in the system voltage or current during the mode transition. This study proposes a new control strategy of FCS-MPC for use in both islanded and grid-connected operation modes of an MG system. Considering the characteristic of a synchronous generator, a direct phase angle and voltage amplitude model predictive control (PAC) of a power converter is proposed in this study for MG applications. In the islanded mode, the system frequency is directly controlled through the phase angle of the output voltage. In the grid-connected mode, a proportional-integral (PI) regulator is used to compensate for the phase angle and voltage amplitude of the power converter for constant power control. The phase angle of the system voltage can be easily adjusted for the synchronization process of an MG system. A comparison study on the proposed PAC method and existing predictive methods is carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. The feasibility of the proposed PAC strategy is evaluated in a simulation-based system by using the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control in Power Electronics)
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