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Energy Systems Engineering
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Energy Systems Engineering

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F: Electrical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2018) | Viewed by 25525

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Pu Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Simulation and Optimal, Processes, Technische Universitat Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
Interests: dynamic optimization of large-scale systems; stochastic optimization under uncertainty; optimization of hybrid systems; real-time optimization, parameter identification; nonlinear model predictive control; applications: energy systems engineering; management of water resources systems; systems biology; chemical process engineering; autonomous driving
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The increasing penetration of sustainable energies brings about changes of our life. Due to the fluctuation nature of such energies, utilizing energy storage systems becomes a meaningful solution for maximizing the benefits of renewable energies. However, the installation of such kinds of energies and battery systems into conventional power grids leads to many complexities in terms of optimal and reliable operation. Another way to compensate the intermittency of renewable sources is to develop a real-time optimization framework for enhancing the adaptability of the system operation.

On the other hand, it is possible to integrate renewable sources with the conventional sources to build a local microgrid. However, many technical and economical complexities have to be handled for microgrids to provide reliable and cost-effective energy.

A further way to maximize the application of renewable generations is to allow bidirectional or reverse power flow in interconnected grids, which will add additional complexities to the design and operation of such systems. Systems engineering approaches, i.e. modeling, simulation, optimization and control, are suitable tools to address these challenges.

I am writing to invite you to submit your original works to this Special Issue. I am looking forward to receiving your outstanding research.

Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Pu Li
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Sustainable energy systems
  • Wind and photovoltaic energy
  • Power and energy systems
  • Micro-grids
  • Analysis and synthesis
  • Combined system design and operation
  • Modeling of battery systems
  • Modeling of energy markets
  • Energy systems optimization
  • Optimal reverse power flow
  • Real-time optimal power flow
  • Complex hybrid energy systems
  • Flexible energy operations
  • Uncertainty quantification
  • Feasibility analysis
  • Optimization under uncertainty
  • Grid integration of renewable energies
  • Optimal design and planning
  • Distributed generation
  • Smart grids
  • Energy management

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 3682 KiB  
Article
Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of a Hypersaline Pressure-Retarded Osmosis Power Plants: Dead Sea–Red Sea Conveyor
by Qais A. Khasawneh, Bourhan Tashtoush, Anas Nawafleh and Bayan Kan’an
Energies 2018, 11(11), 3118; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11113118 - 11 Nov 2018
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3931
Abstract
In this study, three pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) power plants are proposed to be built on the Red Sea–Dead Sea (RSDS) water conveyance project, to generate power from the salinity gradient between two water streams at different salt concentrations. The first two proposed [...] Read more.
In this study, three pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) power plants are proposed to be built on the Red Sea–Dead Sea (RSDS) water conveyance project, to generate power from the salinity gradient between two water streams at different salt concentrations. The first two proposed plants are to be built after sea water reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination plants, where Red Sea water and the rejected brine from SWRO plants are used as feed and draw solutions, respectively. In the third proposed plant, Red Sea water and Dead Sea water will be used. Results showed that the three proposed plants are technically feasible while the third plant is the only one that is economically feasible with a 134.5 MW capacity and a 0.056 $/KWh levelized cost of electricity (LCE). The power generated from the third PRO power plant accounts for about 24.7% of the power needed for the RSDS project that can be used to power SWRO-2 in order to reduce the electricity consumption by 49.3%. If the generated power from the proposed PRO plant is sold to the Jordanian national electricity grid at the current selling price in accordance with Jordanian prices of electricity, a saving of about 21.2% can be attained. It is found that using the power generated by the current proposed plants for desalination project purposes will significantly reduce the price of desalinated water produced from SWRO desalination plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Systems Engineering)
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24 pages, 2759 KiB  
Article
Design and Experimental Implementation of a Hysteresis Algorithm to Optimize the Maximum Power Point Extracted from a Photovoltaic System
by Nubia Ilia Ponce de León Puig, Leonardo Acho and José Rodellar
Energies 2018, 11(7), 1866; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11071866 - 17 Jul 2018
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3299
Abstract
In the several last years, numerous Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) methods for photovoltaic (PV) systems have been proposed. An MPPT strategy is necessary to ensure the maximum power efficiency provided to the load from a PV module that is subject to external [...] Read more.
In the several last years, numerous Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) methods for photovoltaic (PV) systems have been proposed. An MPPT strategy is necessary to ensure the maximum power efficiency provided to the load from a PV module that is subject to external environmental perturbations such as radiance, temperature and partial shading. In this paper, a new MPPT technique is presented. Our approach has the novelty that it is a MPPT algorithm with a dynamic hysteresis model incorporated. One of the most cited Maximum Power Point Tracking methods is the Perturb and Observer algorithm since it is easily implemented. A comparison between the approach presented in this paper and the known Perturb and Observer method is evaluated. Moreover, a new PV-system platform was properly designed by employing low cost electronics, which may serve as an academical platform for further research and developments. This platform is used to show that the proposed algorithm is more efficient than the standard Perturb and Observer method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Systems Engineering)
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24 pages, 7447 KiB  
Article
A Novel Hybrid DC Traction Power Supply System Integrating PV and Reversible Converters
by Gang Zhang, Zhongbei Tian, Huiqing Du and Zhigang Liu
Energies 2018, 11(7), 1661; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11071661 - 26 Jun 2018
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 5829
Abstract
A novel hybrid traction power supply system (HTPSS) integrating PV and reversible converter (RC) is proposed. PV is introduced to reduce the energy cost and increase the reliability of power systems. A reversible converter can achieve multiple objectives including regenerative braking energy recovery, [...] Read more.
A novel hybrid traction power supply system (HTPSS) integrating PV and reversible converter (RC) is proposed. PV is introduced to reduce the energy cost and increase the reliability of power systems. A reversible converter can achieve multiple objectives including regenerative braking energy recovery, PV energy inverting, DC voltage regulation and power factor improvement. In this paper, the topology and operating modes of the HTPSS are first introduced. Three-level boost converter (TLBC) is employed in the PV system. A double closed-loop control scheme considering both maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and midpoint potential balancing (MPB) is recommended. The reversible converter adopts a multi-modular topology and the independent control for active power and reactive power has been achieved by a current decoupling control. According to the working characteristic of each device, a coordinated control strategy is designed, and four basic principles are given. A system simulation model containing a hybrid traction substation and a train was built, and comprehensive simulations under multi-scenario were carried out. The results show that the reversible converter can accomplish PV energy inversion, DC voltage regulation, regenerative braking energy recovery and power factor improvement, by which a high utilization rate and energy-saving effect can be obtained. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Systems Engineering)
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16 pages, 2559 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Operating Parameters on Adsorption/Desorption Characteristics and Performance of the Fluidised Desiccant Cooler
by Zbigniew Rogala, Piotr Kolasiński and Przemysław Błasiak
Energies 2018, 11(6), 1597; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11061597 - 19 Jun 2018
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3308
Abstract
This paper concerns the issue of the proper selection of the operating parameters of the fluidised desiccant cooler. Despite the fact that fluidised desiccant cooling technology is being reported in the literature as an efficient way to provide cooling for the purposes of [...] Read more.
This paper concerns the issue of the proper selection of the operating parameters of the fluidised desiccant cooler. Despite the fact that fluidised desiccant cooling technology is being reported in the literature as an efficient way to provide cooling for the purposes of air-conditioning, the improper control of its operation can lead to a significantly worse performance than expected. The objective of the presented theoretical study is to provide guidelines on the proper selection of such operating parameters of a fluidized desiccant cooler, such as superficial air velocity, desiccant particle diameter, bed switching time, and desiccant filling height. The influence of the chosen operating parameters on the performance of fluidised desiccant cooling technology is investigated based on their impact on electric and thermal coefficients of performance (COP) and specific cooling power (SCP). Moreover, the influence of the outlet air temperature, humidity, and desiccant water uptake on the adsorption/desorption characteristics was investigated, contributing to better understanding of sorption processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Systems Engineering)
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18 pages, 2944 KiB  
Article
Capacity Optimization of a Centralized Charging Station in Joint Operation with a Wind Farm
by Zhe Jiang, Xueshan Han, Zhimin Li, Mingqiang Wang, Guodong Liu, Mengxia Wang, Wenbo Li and Thomas B. Ollis
Energies 2018, 11(5), 1164; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11051164 - 07 May 2018
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3290
Abstract
In the context of large-scale wind power integration and rapid development of electric vehicles (EVs), a joint operation pattern was proposed to use a centralized charging station (CCS) to address high uncertainties incurred by wind power integration. This would directly remove the significant [...] Read more.
In the context of large-scale wind power integration and rapid development of electric vehicles (EVs), a joint operation pattern was proposed to use a centralized charging station (CCS) to address high uncertainties incurred by wind power integration. This would directly remove the significant indeterminacy of wind power. Because the CCS is adjacent to a wind power gathering station, it could work jointly with wind farms to operate in power system as an independent enterprise. By combining the actual operational characteristics of the wind farm and the CCS, a multidimensional operating index evaluation system was created for the joint system. Based on the wind farm’s known capacity, a multi-target capacity planning model was established for CCS to maximize the probability of realizing diverse indices of the system based on dependent-chance goal programming. In this model, planning and dispatching are combined to improve the feasibility of results in the operational stage. This approach takes the effects of randomness into account for wind power and battery swapping. The model was solved through combining Monte Carlo simulation and a genetic algorithm (GA) based on segmented encoding. As shown in the simulation results, the proposed model could comprehensively include factors such as initial investment, wind power price, battery life, etc., to optimize CCS capacity and to ultimately improve the operating indices of the joint system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Systems Engineering)
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Review

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20 pages, 748 KiB  
Review
A Survey of Real-Time Optimal Power Flow
by Erfan Mohagheghi, Mansour Alramlawi, Aouss Gabash and Pu Li
Energies 2018, 11(11), 3142; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11113142 - 13 Nov 2018
Cited by 39 | Viewed by 5293
Abstract
There has been a strong increase of penetration of renewable energies into power systems. However, the renewables pose new challenges for the operation of the networks. Particularly, wind power is intermittently fluctuating, and, therefore, the network operator has to fast update the operations [...] Read more.
There has been a strong increase of penetration of renewable energies into power systems. However, the renewables pose new challenges for the operation of the networks. Particularly, wind power is intermittently fluctuating, and, therefore, the network operator has to fast update the operations correspondingly. This task should be performed by an online optimization. Therefore, real-time optimal power flow (RT-OPF) has become an attractive topic in recent years. This paper presents an overview of recent studies on RT-OPF under wind energy penetration, offering a critical review of the major advancements in RT-OPF. It describes the challenges in the realization of the RT-OPF and presents available approaches to address these challenges. The paper focuses on a number of topics which are reviewed in chronological order of appearance: offline energy management systems (EMSs) (deterministic and stochastic approaches) and real-time EMSs (constraint satisfaction-based and OPF-based methods). The particular challenges associated with the incorporation of battery storage systems in the networks are explored, and it is concluded that the current research on RT-OPF is not sufficient, and new solution approaches are needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Systems Engineering)
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