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Entropy and Information in the Foundation of Quantum Physics

A special issue of Entropy (ISSN 1099-4300).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2018) | Viewed by 16267

Special Issue Editor

1. ISEM Institute for Scientific Methodology, Via Ugo La Malfa n. 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
2. School of Advanced International Studies on Applied Theoretical and Non Linear Methodologies of Physics, 70121 Bari, Italy
Interests: foundation of quantum theories; quantum cosmology; de sitter holographic models; dissipative quantum field theories; physics of emergence and organization; fisher information; sub- and super-Turing computation models
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent ideas regarding the emergent nature of quantum mechanics and the well-known relationship between black hole entropy and quantum thermodynamics, suggest a deep connection between the fundamental laws of physics, information and information loss on different levels. In particular, the entropic approach suggests a new perspective in quantum mechanics’ foundation, especially with regard to the probabilistic nature of quantum variables. These ideas also have an elegant geometric representation in the phase space, they offer a new kind of visualization of quantum phenomena.

Prof. Dr. Ignazio Licata
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Quantum Black Hole

  • Quantum Thermodynamic

  • Hawking–Bekenstein Radiation

  • Unruh Davies Effect

  • Emergent Quantum Mechanics

  • Quantum Fluctuations

  • Quantum Entropic Dynamics

  • Quantum Information

  • Quantum Information Geometry

  • Majorana-Bloch Sphere

  • Bell Length

  • Quantum Computing in Non-Euclidean Geometry

  • Entropy Manifold

  • Fisher Information

  • Quantum Bayesism

  • Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics

  • Computability in Quantum Physics

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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26 pages, 380 KiB  
Article
Generalized Weyl–Heisenberg Algebra, Qudit Systems and Entanglement Measure of Symmetric States via Spin Coherent States
by Mohammed Daoud and Maurice R. Kibler
Entropy 2018, 20(4), 292; https://doi.org/10.3390/e20040292 - 17 Apr 2018
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3898
Abstract
A relation is established in the present paper between Dicke states in a d-dimensional space and vectors in the representation space of a generalized Weyl–Heisenberg algebra of finite dimension d. This provides a natural way to deal with the separable and [...] Read more.
A relation is established in the present paper between Dicke states in a d-dimensional space and vectors in the representation space of a generalized Weyl–Heisenberg algebra of finite dimension d. This provides a natural way to deal with the separable and entangled states of a system of N = d 1 symmetric qubit states. Using the decomposition property of Dicke states, it is shown that the separable states coincide with the Perelomov coherent states associated with the generalized Weyl–Heisenberg algebra considered in this paper. In the so-called Majorana scheme, the qudit (d-level) states are represented by N points on the Bloch sphere; roughly speaking, it can be said that a qudit (in a d-dimensional space) is describable by a N-qubit vector (in a N-dimensional space). In such a scheme, the permanent of the matrix describing the overlap between the N qubits makes it possible to measure the entanglement between the N qubits forming the qudit. This is confirmed by a Fubini–Study metric analysis. A new parameter, proportional to the permanent and called perma-concurrence, is introduced for characterizing the entanglement of a symmetric qudit arising from N qubits. For d = 3 ( N = 2 ), this parameter constitutes an alternative to the concurrence for two qubits. Other examples are given for d = 4 and 5. A connection between Majorana stars and zeros of a Bargmmann function for qudits closes this article. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Entropy and Information in the Foundation of Quantum Physics)
1854 KiB  
Article
Performance Improvement of Plug-and-Play Dual-Phase-Modulated Quantum Key Distribution by Using a Noiseless Amplifier
by Dongyun Bai, Peng Huang, Hongxin Ma, Tao Wang and Guihua Zeng
Entropy 2017, 19(10), 546; https://doi.org/10.3390/e19100546 - 20 Oct 2017
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4480
Abstract
We show that the successful use of a noiseless linear amplifier (NLA) can help increase the maximum transmission distance and tolerate more excess noise of the plug-and-play dual-phase-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution. In particular, an equivalent entanglement-based scheme model is proposed to analyze [...] Read more.
We show that the successful use of a noiseless linear amplifier (NLA) can help increase the maximum transmission distance and tolerate more excess noise of the plug-and-play dual-phase-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution. In particular, an equivalent entanglement-based scheme model is proposed to analyze the security, and the secure bound is derived with the presence of a Gaussian noisy and lossy channel. The analysis shows that the performance of the NLA-based protocol can be further improved by adjusting the effective parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Entropy and Information in the Foundation of Quantum Physics)
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414 KiB  
Article
Harvesting Large Scale Entanglement in de Sitter Space with Multiple Detectors
by Shingo Kukita and Yasusada Nambu
Entropy 2017, 19(9), 449; https://doi.org/10.3390/e19090449 - 28 Aug 2017
Cited by 31 | Viewed by 3749
Abstract
We consider entanglement harvesting in de Sitter space using a model of multiple qubit detectors. We obtain the formula of the entanglement negativity for this system. Applying the obtained formula, we find that it is possible to access to the entanglement on the [...] Read more.
We consider entanglement harvesting in de Sitter space using a model of multiple qubit detectors. We obtain the formula of the entanglement negativity for this system. Applying the obtained formula, we find that it is possible to access to the entanglement on the super horizon scale if a sufficiently large number of detectors are prepared. This result indicates the effect of the multipartite entanglement is crucial for detection of large scale entanglement in de Sitter space. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Entropy and Information in the Foundation of Quantum Physics)
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Review

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25 pages, 3596 KiB  
Review
Enhancing Metastability by Dissipation and Driving in an Asymmetric Bistable Quantum System
by Bernardo Spagnolo, Angelo Carollo and Davide Valenti
Entropy 2018, 20(4), 226; https://doi.org/10.3390/e20040226 - 26 Mar 2018
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3615
Abstract
The stabilizing effect of quantum fluctuations on the escape process and the relaxation dynamics from a quantum metastable state are investigated. Specifically, the quantum dynamics of a multilevel bistable system coupled to a bosonic Ohmic thermal bath in strong dissipation regime is analyzed. [...] Read more.
The stabilizing effect of quantum fluctuations on the escape process and the relaxation dynamics from a quantum metastable state are investigated. Specifically, the quantum dynamics of a multilevel bistable system coupled to a bosonic Ohmic thermal bath in strong dissipation regime is analyzed. The study is performed by a non-perturbative method based on the real-time path integral approach of the Feynman-Vernon influence functional. We consider a strongly asymmetric double well potential with and without a monochromatic external driving, and with an out-of-equilibrium initial condition. In the absence of driving we observe a nonmonotonic behavior of the escape time from the metastable region, as a function both of the system-bath coupling coefficient and the temperature. This indicates a stabilizing effect of the quantum fluctuations. In the presence of driving our findings indicate that, as the coupling coefficient γ increases, the escape time, initially controlled by the external driving, shows resonant peaks and dips, becoming frequency-independent for higher γ values. Moreover, the escape time from the metastable state displays a nonmonotonic behavior as a function of the temperature, the frequency of the driving, and the thermal-bath coupling, which indicates the presence of a quantum noise enhanced stability phenomenon. Finally, we investigate the role of different spectral densities, both in sub-Ohmic and super-Ohmic dissipation regime and for different cutoff frequencies, on the relaxation dynamics from the quantum metastable state. The results obtained indicate that, in the crossover dynamical regime characterized by damped intrawell oscillations and incoherent tunneling, the spectral properties of the thermal bath influence non-trivially the short time behavior and the time scales of the relaxation dynamics from the metastable state. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Entropy and Information in the Foundation of Quantum Physics)
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