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Geosciences
Special Issues
Sedimentary Basins and Orogenic Belts 2016 Edition
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Sedimentary Basins and Orogenic Belts 2016 Edition

A special issue of Geosciences (ISSN 2076-3263). This special issue belongs to the section "Sedimentology, Stratigraphy and Palaeontology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2016)

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. James Schmitt

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University, P.O. Box 173480, Bozeman, MT 59717-3480, USA
Interests: relations between deformation and sedimentation; sedimentary basin development; controls on sediment provenance; siliciclastic diagenesis; depositional systems; geoscience education; taphonomy and fossil preservation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The major objective of this special issue of Geosciences is to examine the dynamically linked relations between sedimentary basin and orogenic belt development. Because sedimentary basins serve as the repositories of detritus delivered from deforming and eroding orogens, they record the geodynamic signature of mountain belt development. This sediment source (orogen) to sink (basin) relationship results in a wide spectrum of attributes typically recorded in basin-fill including:  (1) tectonic style of lithosphere/crust deformation during orogensis, (2) sedimentary and geomorphic responses to land surface deformation, (3) controls on sediment provenance and dispersal, (4) development of paleotopography, (5) rates and mechanisms of mountain belt uplift and exhumation, (6) distribution and evolution of depositional systems, (7) paleoenvironments and climate and (8) biogeographic parameters.

Specifically, this special issue aims to provide an outlet for rapid, widely accessible publication of peer-reviewed studies utilizing the synorogenic sedimentary basin record to improve understanding of orogenesis in associated mountain belts using both modern and ancient examples from all types of tectonic settings. Research spanning the spectrum of methods ranging from use of more traditional field-based stratigraphic analysis and structural mapping to geochemical and isotopic provenance/subsidence history analysis to basin/orogen modeling approaches is welcomed.

Prof. Dr. James Schmitt
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Geosciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • synorogenic sedimentation
  • orogenesis
  • provenance studies
  • sediment dispersal
  • uplift and exhumation
  • orogens and climate
  • subsidence histories and mechanisms
  • basin tectonics
  • tectonic geomorphology

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

10174 KiB  
Article
Calcite Twinning in the Ordovician Martinsburg Formation, Delaware Water Gap, New Jersey, USA: Implications for Cleavage Formation and Tectonic Shortening in the Appalachian Piedmont Province
by John P. Craddock, Maria Princen, Jakob Wartman, Haoran Xia and Junlai Liu
Geosciences 2016, 6(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences6010010 - 19 Feb 2016
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 5498
Abstract
A traverse across the Stone Church syncline in the Ordovician Martinsburg turbidites reveals an axial planar cleavage (N40°E, SE dips) in regional thrust-related folds (N40°E, shallow plunges) and five phases of sparry calcite. Calcite fillings are bedding-parallel, cleavage-parallel, and one vein set cross-cuts [...] Read more.
A traverse across the Stone Church syncline in the Ordovician Martinsburg turbidites reveals an axial planar cleavage (N40°E, SE dips) in regional thrust-related folds (N40°E, shallow plunges) and five phases of sparry calcite. Calcite fillings are bedding-parallel, cleavage-parallel, and one vein set cross-cuts both earlier phases; the youngest calcite filling is a bedding-parallel fault gouge that crosscuts the cleavage and preserves top-down-to-the-southeast normal fault kinematics. Calcite veins unique to disharmonically-folded calcareous siltstones (Maxwell, 1962) were also analyzed. Stable isotopic analysis (O, C) of all of the calcite phases indicates a uniform fluid source (δ13C −2.0, δ18O −13.3 VPDB) and, potentially, a similar precipitation and mechanical twinning age. The twinning strains (n = 1341; average Δσ = −32 MPa; average ε1 = −2.9%) in the calcite suite are consistent with SE-NW thrust shortening, and sub-horizontal shortening perpendicular to evolving axial planar cleavage planes in the Stone Church syncline. Calcareous siltstone layers within the Martinsburg Fm. turbidites share concordant bedding planes and are unique, chemically (XRF), but folded and cleaved differently than the surrounding clay-rich Martinsburg turbidites. Neither sediment type yielded detrital zircons. Electron backscatter X-ray diffraction (EBSD) and calcite twinning results in a folded calcareous siltstone layer preserving a layer-normal SE-NW shortening strain and Lattice Preferred Orientation (LPO). Shortening axes for the five-phase calcite suite trends ~N40°W, consistent with tectonic transport associated with crystalline nappe emplacement of the Reading Prong within the Piedmont province. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sedimentary Basins and Orogenic Belts 2016 Edition)
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