Journal Description
Geriatrics
Geriatrics
is an international, peer-reviewed, scientific open access journal on geriatric medicine published bimonthly online by MDPI.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, ESCI (Web of Science), PubMed, PMC, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: CiteScore - Q2 (Health (social science))
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 22.4 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.9 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2023).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
- Testimonials: See what our editors and authors say about Geriatrics.
Impact Factor:
2.3 (2022);
5-Year Impact Factor:
2.5 (2022)
Latest Articles
Hope Mediates Stress to Reduce Burden in Family Caregivers of Persons with Alzheimer’s Disease
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020038 - 18 Mar 2024
Abstract
The experience of burden among family caregivers of persons with Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia may be deleterious for their health and well-being. Little is known, however, about the degree to which internal positive psychological resources, such as hope, influence burden
[...] Read more.
The experience of burden among family caregivers of persons with Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia may be deleterious for their health and well-being. Little is known, however, about the degree to which internal positive psychological resources, such as hope, influence burden perceptions in this population. The current study is novel in that it examined how multiple dimensions of hope, hope–agency and hope–pathway, influenced burden in a sample of one-hundred and fifty-five family caregivers of persons with Alzheimer’s disease. The stress process model was used as the theoretical framework for variable specification in this study. Hope was conceptualized using Snyder and colleagues’ hope theory. Supporting our first hypothesis, we found that burden was negatively associated with hope–agency, r = −0.33, p < 0.001 and hope–pathway, r = −0.24, p < 0.01. Multiple regression was used to determine if hope–agency and hope–pathway independently contributed to burden. Analysis revealed that hope–agency but not hope–pathway influenced burden when other key variables were taken into consideration. Findings from mediation analysis affirmed that hope–agency had a small but significant mediation effect between stress and burden in this sample. This study provides evidence for the relevance of assessing multiple dimensions of hope when working with caregivers of persons with Alzheimer’s. Although replication studies are warranted, the current study confirms a need for further development and refinement of hope-bolstering behavioral interventions which may mediate stress and burden in this population. These interventions should be systematically assessed for efficacy and effectiveness via implementation studies in real-world settings.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Geriatric Psychiatry and Psychology)
►
Show Figures
Open AccessArticle
Neurocognitive Effects of an Online Brain Health Program and Weekly Telehealth Support Group in Older Adults with Subjective Memory Loss: A Pilot Study
by
Ryan M. Glatt, Amylee Amos, David A. Merrill, John F. Hodes, Claudia L. Wong, Karen J. Miller and Prabha Siddarth
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020037 - 14 Mar 2024
Abstract
Introduction: Adopting healthy lifestyle behaviors has the potential to slow cognitive decline in older adults by reducing risks associated with dementia. Curriculum-based group health coaching may aid in establishing behavior change centered for dementia risk factors. Methods: In this pilot clinical care patient
[...] Read more.
Introduction: Adopting healthy lifestyle behaviors has the potential to slow cognitive decline in older adults by reducing risks associated with dementia. Curriculum-based group health coaching may aid in establishing behavior change centered for dementia risk factors. Methods: In this pilot clinical care patient group study (n = 6), we examined the effects of a six-month online Cognitive Health Program combined with a weekly telehealth support group led by the course creator, and personalized health optimization by a collaborating physician, in older adults with subjective cognitive decline. Cognition was assessed at baseline and post-intervention using a computerized battery. Results: Cognitive changes were estimated with nonparametric tests and effect sizes (Cohen’s d). Results showed significant improvements in global cognition (p < 0.03, d = 1.6), spatial planning (p < 0.01, d = 2.3), and visuospatial processing (p < 0.05, d = 1.1) compared to baseline. Participants reported high levels of satisfaction with the virtual group format and online curriculum. Conclusions: This small pilot study suggests that a virtual six-month personalized health coaching group with self-paced online health education is feasible and potentially efficacious for improving cognition in participants with subjective cognitive complaints. This format may facilitate behavior change to slow cognitive decline. Future studies should include a control group, a larger, more diverse sample as well as assessing mood and other subjective measures.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Geriatric Psychiatry and Psychology)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Moderating Effect of Muscular Strength in the Association between Cardiovascular Events and Depressive Symptoms in Middle-Aged and Older Adults—A Cross Sectional Study
by
Diogo Veiga, Miguel Peralta, Élvio R. Gouveia, Marcelo de Maio Nascimento, Laura Carvalho, Jorge Encantado and Adilson Marques
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020036 - 12 Mar 2024
Abstract
Background: Depression and cardiovascular diseases are two main health conditions contributing to the global disease burden. Several studies indicate a reciprocal association between them. It is still unclear how changes in overall muscle strength may impact this association. This study aimed to analyse
[...] Read more.
Background: Depression and cardiovascular diseases are two main health conditions contributing to the global disease burden. Several studies indicate a reciprocal association between them. It is still unclear how changes in overall muscle strength may impact this association. This study aimed to analyse how muscular strength moderates the relationship between cardiovascular events and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults. Methods: Wave 8 of the population-based Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (2019/2020) cross-sectional data, which included 41,666 participants (17,986 men) with a mean age of 70.65 (9.1) years old, was examined. Grip strength was measured twice on each hand using a dynamometer. The 12-item EURO-D scale was employed to gauge depressive symptoms. Results: Grip strength negatively moderates the link between cardiovascular events and depressive symptoms (male: B = −0.03, 95% CI = −0.04, −0.03; female: B = −0.06, 95% CI = −0.06, −0.05). Additionally, the grip strength moderation values in the significant zone for males and females were less than 63.2 kg and 48.3 kg, respectively. Conclusions: Muscular strength modifies depressive symptoms and lessens their correlation with cardiovascular diseases. Muscle-strengthening activities could be incorporated into primary and secondary preventive strategies to reduce the burden of depression in people with CVD.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Geriatric Public Health)
►▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Ophiocephalus striatus Extract Supplementation Decreases Serum IL-6 Levels in Older People with Sarcopenia—A Single-Center Experience
by
Nur Riviati, Legiran Legiran, Irsan Saleh, Taufik Indrajaya, Zulkhair Ali, Irfannuddin and Probosuseno
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020035 - 07 Mar 2024
Abstract
Sarcopenia, a condition characterized by muscle loss and decreased function in older adults, is a growing public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ophiocephalus striatus extract on insulin-like growth factor-1 serum, interleukin-6 serum levels, and sarcopenia-related parameters in older
[...] Read more.
Sarcopenia, a condition characterized by muscle loss and decreased function in older adults, is a growing public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ophiocephalus striatus extract on insulin-like growth factor-1 serum, interleukin-6 serum levels, and sarcopenia-related parameters in older adults with sarcopenia. This double-blind randomized controlled trial included 80 older adults with sarcopenia. Participants were randomly assigned to receive Ophiocephalus striatus extract or a placebo for two weeks. The IGF-1 serum and IL-6 serum levels were assessed as primary outcomes. The Ophiocephalus striatus extract intervention resulted in a significant reduction in serum IL-6 levels. Although the IGF-1 levels did not show significant changes, there was an increase for the intervention group. This study demonstrated that a 2-week intervention with Ophiocephalus striatus extract positively impacted the serum IL-6 levels in older adults with sarcopenia. While the IGF-1 levels did not change significantly in this short intervention period, the observed improvements in IGF-1, calf circumference, muscle mass, and muscle strength are promising. The findings suggest that Ophiocephalus striatus extract may offer a valuable intervention for managing sarcopenia, particularly in regions with abundant Ophiocephalus striatus production, such as South Sumatera. This study was registered with trial number NCT05869383.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Preventing and Managing Sarcopenia in Older Adults through Physical Activity, Exercise and Nutrition Interventions and Approaches)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessPerspective
Pulmonary Diseases in Older Patients: Understanding and Addressing the Challenges
by
Pushpa Raj Joshi
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020034 - 07 Mar 2024
Abstract
As the global population ages, pulmonary diseases among older people have emerged as a significant and growing public health concern. The increasing incidence of these conditions has led to higher rates of morbidity and mortality among older adults. This perspective study offers a
[...] Read more.
As the global population ages, pulmonary diseases among older people have emerged as a significant and growing public health concern. The increasing incidence of these conditions has led to higher rates of morbidity and mortality among older adults. This perspective study offers a thorough overview of the prevalent pulmonary diseases affecting the elderly demographic. It delves into the challenges encountered during the diagnosis and management of these conditions in older individuals, considering factors such as comorbidities, functional limitations, and medication complexities. Furthermore, innovative strategies and personalized interventions such as precision medicine, advanced therapies, telemedicine solutions, and patient-centered support systems aimed at enhancing the care provided to older individuals grappling with pulmonary disorders are thoroughly explored. By addressing the unique needs and complexities of this vulnerable population, healthcare systems can strive towards improving outcomes and enhancing the quality of life for elderly individuals affected by pulmonary diseases.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Geriatric Pulmonology)
Open AccessArticle
Informing Dementia Support Programs That Serve Low-Income, Multilingual Communities in a Safety Net Health System: Use of Focus Groups to Identify Specific Needs
by
Andrew Pak, Abriella Demanes, Shirley Wu, Katherine Ward and Mailee Hess
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020033 - 06 Mar 2024
Abstract
The Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services recently announced a new voluntary nationwide model. This model aims to provide comprehensive, standard care for people living with dementia and their unpaid caregivers and to enhance health equity in dementia care. However, little is known
[...] Read more.
The Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services recently announced a new voluntary nationwide model. This model aims to provide comprehensive, standard care for people living with dementia and their unpaid caregivers and to enhance health equity in dementia care. However, little is known about the needs of older adults with dementia and their caregivers in a multiethnic and multicultural patient population of a safety net health system. The aim of this study is to include their voices. We conducted four focus groups in English and Spanish to investigate the common needs and barriers unique to the care of patients within the Los Angeles County healthcare system. Using qualitative, iterative analyses of the transcripts, we identified four domains of concern from the dyads (persons with dementia and their caregivers): need for education for dyad-centered care, barriers to resources, dyad safety, and caregiver burden and insight. These domains are interconnected, and the way this patient population experiences these domains may differ compared to those in well-resourced or predominantly English-speaking healthcare settings. Therefore, the identified domains serve as potential building blocks for dementia support programs inclusive of underserved, multicultural populations.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Geriatric Psychiatry and Psychology)
Open AccessReview
Diet, Food Intake, and Exercise Mixed Interventions (DEMI) in the Enhancement of Wellbeing among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
by
Takaaki Miyazaki, Toshihiro Futohashi and Hiroki Baba
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020032 - 04 Mar 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
This systematic review and meta-analysis discusses the available data on the efficacy of diet, food intake, and exercise mixed interventions (DEMI) for community-dwelling older adults in Japan and assesses the evidence level. We searched the literature regarding the research questions using electronic and
[...] Read more.
This systematic review and meta-analysis discusses the available data on the efficacy of diet, food intake, and exercise mixed interventions (DEMI) for community-dwelling older adults in Japan and assesses the evidence level. We searched the literature regarding the research questions using electronic and hand-searching methods. To ensure the reliability and quality of the evidence, we used the Cochrane risk of bias tool and GRADE system. All studies included DEMI; other interventions included group activities, health education, and community participation. All interventions were categorized into three classifications, namely “Diet and food intake”, “Exercise”, and “Other”. Programs included lectures, practical exercises, group activities, consulting, and programs that could be implemented at home. By comparing groups and measuring outcomes at various time points, most studies reported positive results regarding the impact of the interventions. Specifically, usual gait speed, Food Frequency Questionnaire Score, and Diet Variety Score demonstrated significant improvement. Additionally, three studies demonstrated improvement in frailty. This review suggests that DEMI resulted in improvements in some outcome variables. However, the efficacy of all variables was not fully examined. The results of the meta-analysis revealed positive outcomes for some variables, although the evidence level for these outcomes was considered moderate.
Full article
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Association of the Combination of Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity and Sleep Quality with Physical Frailty
by
Tsubasa Yokote, Harukaze Yatsugi, Tianshu Chu, Xin Liu, Lefei Wang and Hiro Kishimoto
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020031 - 04 Mar 2024
Abstract
Background: The association of the individual and combined effects of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sleep quality with physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults is still unknown. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of older adults who had
[...] Read more.
Background: The association of the individual and combined effects of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sleep quality with physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults is still unknown. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of older adults who had not required nursing care or support services. Physical frailty was assessed using Liu’s definition based on Fried’s concept. MVPA was measured by a triaxial accelerometer, and individuals who met either moderate physical activity (MPA) for ≥300 min/week, vigorous physical activity (VPA) for ≥150 min/week, or both were defined as “MVA+”. “SLP+” was defined as a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score of <5.5 points. Results: A total of 811 participants were included in the final analysis. After adjusting for the multivariable confounding factors, the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for physical pre-frailty and frailty in the MVA−SLP+ (OR, 2.56; 95%CI, 1.80–3.62) and the MVA−SLP− group (OR, 3.97; 95%CI, 2.33–6.74) were significantly higher compared with the MVA+SLP+ group. Conclusion: Community-dwelling older adults who did not meet the MVPA criteria, regardless of sleep quality, had a higher prevalence of physical frailty.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Collection Frailty in Older Adults)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessCase Report
Diffusion MRI Fiber Tractography and Benzodiazepine SPECT Imaging for Assessing Neural Damage to the Language Centers in an Elderly Patient after Successful Reperfusion Therapy
by
Tatsushi Mutoh, Yasuyuki Yoshida, Yasuko Tatewaki, Hongkun Chin, Ryota Tochinai, Junta Moroi and Tatsuya Ishikawa
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020030 - 01 Mar 2024
Abstract
Background: Intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy are the first-line reperfusion therapies for acute ischemic stroke. Here, we describe the utility of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fiber tractography and 123I-iomazenil benzodiazepine receptor single-photon emission computed tomography to estimate the prognosis of post-stroke
[...] Read more.
Background: Intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy are the first-line reperfusion therapies for acute ischemic stroke. Here, we describe the utility of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fiber tractography and 123I-iomazenil benzodiazepine receptor single-photon emission computed tomography to estimate the prognosis of post-stroke aphasia after successful reperfusion therapy. Case report: An 81-year-old man was admitted to the hospital approximately 3.5 h after the onset of symptoms, including decreased consciousness, right hemiparesis, and aphasia. An MRI revealed acute cerebral infarction due to M1 segment occlusion. Intravenous alteplase thrombolysis followed by endovascular thrombectomy resulted in recanalization of the left middle cerebral artery territory. A subsequent MRI showed no new ischemic or hemorrhagic lesions. Although the patient’s motor hemiparesis gradually recovered, motor aphasia persisted. Diffusion MRI fiber tractography performed 2 weeks after admission revealed partial injury to the left arcuate fasciculus, indicated by lower fractional anisotropy values than on the contralateral side. A decreased benzodiazepine receptor density was also detected in the left perisylvian and temporoparietal cortices. The patient showed no clear signs of further improvement in the chronic stage post-stroke and was discharged to a nursing home after 3 months. Conclusions: The application of functional neuroimaging techniques to assess neuronal damage to the primary brain regions 2 weeks after reperfusion therapy for large-vessel occlusion may allow for an accurate prognosis of post-stroke aphasia. This may have a direct clinical implication for navigating subacute-to-chronic phases of rehabilitative care.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Geriatric Neurology)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Retrospective Analysis of the Ventilatory Workload Kinetic Index during Stability and Crisis in Patients with Asthma and COPD in a Monitored Program
by
Rodrigo Muñoz-Cofré, Ramón Pinochet-Urzúa, Mariano del Sol, Paul Medina-González, Jorge Valenzuela-Vásquez, Gerardo Molina-Vergara, Rodrigo Lizama-Pérez and Máximo Escobar-Cabello
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020029 - 01 Mar 2024
Abstract
To assess ventilatory evolution through the Ventilatory Workload Kinetic Index (VWKI) in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during stability and exacerbation. Retrospective analysis. Conducted at the Padre Alberto Hurtado Hospital, Santiago, Chile. Ten patients with asthma and fifty-five with
[...] Read more.
To assess ventilatory evolution through the Ventilatory Workload Kinetic Index (VWKI) in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during stability and exacerbation. Retrospective analysis. Conducted at the Padre Alberto Hurtado Hospital, Santiago, Chile. Ten patients with asthma and fifty-five with COPD participated. Sixty-five clinical records were reviewed. The VWKI in stability and exacerbation of these patients was extracted. When analyzing the baseline with the peak in both asthma and COPD, there was a significant increase in the VWKI. Similarly, the loads, translations, and supports significantly increased from the baseline to the peak. However, in the loads, there were no changes in airway resistance for asthma or in cough for COPD. Likewise, the supports for asthma and COPD showed no changes in the O2. The VWKI determined ventilatory issues in outpatients and made locating the greatest compromise in loads, translations, or supports possible.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Geriatric Pulmonology)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Deprescribing in Older Poly-Treated Patients Affected with Dementia
by
Pietro Gareri, Luca Gallelli, Ilaria Gareri, Vincenzo Rania, Caterina Palleria and Giovambattista De Sarro
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020028 - 26 Feb 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Polypharmacy is an important issue in older patients affected by dementia because they are very vulnerable to the side effects of drugs’. Between October 2021 and September 2022, we randomly assessed 205 old-aged outpatients. The study was carried out in a Center for
[...] Read more.
Polypharmacy is an important issue in older patients affected by dementia because they are very vulnerable to the side effects of drugs’. Between October 2021 and September 2022, we randomly assessed 205 old-aged outpatients. The study was carried out in a Center for Dementia in collaboration with a university center. The primary outcomes were: (1) deprescribing inappropriate drugs through the Beers and STOPP&START criteria; (2) assessing duplicate drugs and the risk of iatrogenic damage due to drug–drug and drug–disease interactions. Overall, 69 men and 136 women (mean age 82.7 ± 7.4 years) were assessed. Of these, 91 patients were home care patients and 114 were outpatient. The average number of the drugs used in the sample was 9.4 drugs per patient; after the first visit and the consequent deprescribing process, the average dropped to 8.7 drugs per patient (p = 0.04). Overall, 74 potentially inappropriate drugs were used (36.1%). Of these, long half-life benzodiazepines (8.8%), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (3.4%), tricyclic antidepressants (3.4%), first-generation antihistamines (1.4%), anticholinergics (11.7%), antiplatelet drugs (i.e., ticlopidine) (1.4%), prokinetics in chronic use (1.4%), digoxin (>0.125 mg/day) (1.4%), antiarrhythmics (i.e., amiodarone) (0.97%), and α-blockers (1.9%) were included. The so-called “duplicate” drugs were overall 26 (12.7%). In total, ten potentially dangerous prescriptions were found for possible interactions (4.8%). We underline the importance of checking all the drugs taken periodically and discontinuing drugs with the lowest benefit-to-harm ratio and the lowest probability of adverse reactions due to withdrawal. Computer tools and adequately trained teams (doctors, nurses, and pharmacists) could identify, treat, and prevent possible drug interactions.
Full article
Figure 1
Open AccessCase Report
Tirzepatide and Glycemic Control Metrics Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Observational Pilot Study
by
Takuya Omura, Akemi Inami, Taiki Sugimoto, Shuji Kawashima, Takashi Sakurai and Haruhiko Tokuda
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020027 - 26 Feb 2024
Abstract
This observational pilot study aimed to investigate continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics in older Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using a CGM system (FreeStyle Libre Pro) during the first tirzepatide administration and compare the glycemic control measures before and after
[...] Read more.
This observational pilot study aimed to investigate continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics in older Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using a CGM system (FreeStyle Libre Pro) during the first tirzepatide administration and compare the glycemic control measures before and after the initial injection. The four patients had a mean age of 79.5 years (standard deviation [SD]: 5.8), a mean body mass index of 24.6 kg/m2 (SD: 4.7), a mean glycated hemoglobin level of 9.1% (SD: 2.1), and a mean measurement period of 10.5 days (SD: 3.5). After the inclusion of tirzepatide treatment, the mean of time in range, time above range, and time below range changed from 53.2% to 78.9% (p = 0.041), 45.8% to 19.7% (p = 0.038), and 1.0% to 1.5% (p = 0.206), respectively. Improved hyperglycemia reduced the oral hypoglycemic medication in two cases and decreased the frequency of insulin injections in two cases. To elucidate the potential benefits of tirzepatide, future studies should investigate the long-term impact on functional prognosis, safety, and tolerability and distinguish between the use of other weekly agonists, especially in nonobese older Asian patients. However, tirzepatide-associated robust glycemic improvement may simplify diabetes treatment regimens in older patients with T2DM.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Personality, Health and Well-Being among Different Age Groups)
►▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Impact of Antibiotics Used for Acute Aspiration Bronchitis on the Prevention of Pneumonia
by
Akihiko Goto, Kosaku Komiya, Kenji Umeki, Kazufumi Hiramatsu and Jun-ichi Kadota
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020026 - 25 Feb 2024
Abstract
Backgrounds: It remains unclear if antibiotics should be used for the treatment of acute aspiration bronchitis to prevent the development of pneumonia. This study aimed to assess the associations between the use of antibiotics and the development of pneumonia among patients with acute
[...] Read more.
Backgrounds: It remains unclear if antibiotics should be used for the treatment of acute aspiration bronchitis to prevent the development of pneumonia. This study aimed to assess the associations between the use of antibiotics and the development of pneumonia among patients with acute aspiration bronchitis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with acute aspiration bronchitis aged ≥75 years. Acute aspiration bronchitis was defined as a condition with aspiration risk, high fever (body temperature, ≥37.5 °C), respiratory symptoms, and the absence of evidence of pneumonia. Results: There was no significant difference in the incidence of pneumonia between patients treated with and without antibiotics for acute aspiration bronchitis (6/44, 14% vs. 31/143, 22%; p = 0.242). Lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (adjusted odds ratio, 0.956; 95% confidence interval, 0.920–0.993) was significantly associated with the development of pneumonia. Conclusions: Antibiotic administration should not be routinely recommended to prevent pneumonia following acute aspiration bronchitis, and patients with decreased renal function should be closely monitored. A randomized controlled trial is necessary to validate these results.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Geriatric Pulmonology)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Dietary Adherence and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults by Nativity Status: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2011–2014
by
Md Towfiqul Alam, Elizabeth Vásquez, Jennifer L. Etnier and Sandra Echeverria
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020025 - 25 Feb 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Although adherence to dietary guidelines is associated with better cognitive performance, there may be differences by nativity status. This study aimed to investigate the association between adherence to the healthy eating index (HEI) and cognitive performance (CP) among United States (US)-born and foreign-born
[...] Read more.
Although adherence to dietary guidelines is associated with better cognitive performance, there may be differences by nativity status. This study aimed to investigate the association between adherence to the healthy eating index (HEI) and cognitive performance (CP) among United States (US)-born and foreign-born older adults (60+ years). Data were obtained from the 2011–2014 NHANES (n = 3065). Dietary adherence was assessed with HEI quintiles. CP (adequate vs. low) was examined using word listing (CERAD), animal naming (AFT), and the digit symbol substitution test (DSST). Weighted multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine associations. The US-born participants in higher dietary quintiles had adequate CP when compared to foreign-born participants. In adjusted models, the US-born participants in the highest HEI quintile had increased odds of adequate DSST scores (odds ratio: 1.95, 95% confidence interval: 1.15–3.28) compared with those in the lowest quintile. Patterns of association were generally reversed for foreign-born participants and were non-statistically significant. Future research should consider the influence of diets in delaying or preventing decline in cognition and evaluate nutritional factors that contribute to cognitive outcomes for the foreign-born population.
Full article
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Management of Vertebral Fragility Fracture in Older People: Recommendations from a Spanish Consensus of Experts
by
Santos Castañeda, Carmen Navarro Ceballos, Jaqueline Usón Jaeger, Carolina de Miguel Benadiba, Esteban Gómez Martín, Guillermo Martínez Díaz-Guerra and Luis Alvarez-Galovich
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020024 - 23 Feb 2024
Abstract
Vertebral fragility fractures (VFF) pose a challenge for appropriate care. The aim of this study was to develop consensus recommendations for the management of VFF in older people from a multidisciplinary approach. Specialists in osteoporosis belonging to different scientific societies reviewed the main
[...] Read more.
Vertebral fragility fractures (VFF) pose a challenge for appropriate care. The aim of this study was to develop consensus recommendations for the management of VFF in older people from a multidisciplinary approach. Specialists in osteoporosis belonging to different scientific societies reviewed the main clinical practice guidelines published in Spain in 2014. Thirty-five recommendations for the management of VFF were evaluated by seven experts using an anonymous survey. Consensus was defined as 80% of responses of 8 (agree) and 9 (strongly agree) on a Likert scale. Consensus was achieved in 22 recommendations (62.8%). The experts agreed on the need for anamnesis, clinical assessment, and laboratory tests, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate, proteinography, and the assessment of levels of calcium, vitamin D, alkaline phosphatase, and thyroid-stimulating hormone. Optional tests, such as bone turnover markers (BTMs), magnetic resonance imaging, bone scintigraphy, or using a fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX®), did not achieve an agreed consensus. Also, there was consensus regarding the administration of calcium/vitamin D supplements, the withdrawal of toxic habits, and personalized physical exercise. Participants agreed on the administration of teriparatide for 24 months and then a switch to denosumab or bisphosphonates in patients at high risk of fracture. Specialists in osteoporosis, primary care physicians, and geriatricians should be involved in the follow-up of patients with VFF. Although there was multidisciplinary agreement on diagnostic tests and non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment in frail older people, therapeutic objectives should be individualized for every patient. In addition to the specific recommendations, close collaboration between the geriatrician and the primary care physician is essential for the optimal chronic management of frail patients with fragility fractures.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorder)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Risk Factors Analysis for 90-Day Mortality of Adult Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in an Italian Emergency Department
by
Daniele Orso, Giulia Furlanis, Alice Romanelli, Federica Gheller, Marzia Tecchiolli and Franco Cominotto
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020023 - 23 Feb 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Purpose: The most prominent risk factors for mortality after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) have not been established. This study aimed to establish risk factors related to 90-day mortality after a traumatic event. Methods: A retrospective cohort study on adult patients
[...] Read more.
Purpose: The most prominent risk factors for mortality after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) have not been established. This study aimed to establish risk factors related to 90-day mortality after a traumatic event. Methods: A retrospective cohort study on adult patients entering the Emergency Department of the University Hospital of Trieste for mild TBI from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020 was conducted. Results: The final population was 1221 patients (median age of 78 years). The 90-day mortality rate was 7% (90 patients). In the Cox regression model (likelihood ratio 110.9; p < 2 × 10−16), the variables that significantly correlated to 90-day mortality were age (less than 75 years old is a protective factor, HR 0.29 [95%CI 0.16–0.54]; p < 0.001); chronic liver disease (HR 4.59 [95%CI 2.56–8.24], p < 0.001); cognitive impairment (HR 2.76 [95%CI 1.78–4.27], p < 0.001); intracerebral haemorrhage (HR 15.38 [95%CI 6.13–38.63], p < 0.001); and hospitalization (HR 2.56 [95%CI 1.67–3.92], p < 0.001). Cardiovascular disease (47% vs. 11%; p < 0.001) and cognitive impairment (36% vs. 10%; p < 0.001) were more prevalent in patients over 75 years of age than the rest of the population. Conclusions: In our cohort of patients with mild TBI, 90-day mortality was low but not negligible. The risk factors associated with 90-day mortality included age, history of chronic liver disease, and cognitive impairment, as well as evidence of intracerebral hemorrhage and hospitalization. The mortality of the sub-population of older patients was likely to be linked to cardiovascular comorbidities and neurodegenerative diseases.
Full article
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Reducing Loneliness and Improving Social Support among Older Adults through Different Modalities of Personal Voice Assistants
by
Valerie K. Jones, Changmin Yan, Marcia Y. Shade, Julie Blaskewicz Boron, Zhengxu Yan, Hyeon Jung Heselton, Kate Johnson and Victoria Dube
Geriatrics 2024, 9(2), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9020022 - 22 Feb 2024
Abstract
This study examines the potential of AI-powered personal voice assistants (PVAs) in reducing loneliness and increasing social support among older adults. With the aging population rapidly expanding, innovative solutions are essential. Prior research has indicated the effectiveness of various interactive communication technologies (ICTs)
[...] Read more.
This study examines the potential of AI-powered personal voice assistants (PVAs) in reducing loneliness and increasing social support among older adults. With the aging population rapidly expanding, innovative solutions are essential. Prior research has indicated the effectiveness of various interactive communication technologies (ICTs) in mitigating loneliness, but studies focusing on PVAs, particularly considering their modality (audio vs. video), are limited. This research aims to fill this gap by evaluating how voice assistants, in both audio and video formats, influence perceived loneliness and social support. This study examined the impact of voice assistant technology (VAT) interventions, both audio-based (A-VAT) and video-based (V-VAT), on perceived loneliness and social support among 34 older adults living alone. Over three months, participants engaged with Amazon Alexa™ PVA through daily routines for at least 30 min. Using a hybrid natural language processing framework, interactions were analyzed. The results showed reductions in loneliness (Z = −2.99, p < 0.01; pre-study loneliness mean = 1.85, SD = 0.61; post-study loneliness mean = 1.65, SD = 0.57), increases in social support post intervention (Z = −2.23, p < 0.05; pre-study social support mean = 5.44, SD = 1.05; post-study loneliness mean = 5.65, SD = 1.20), and a correlation between increased social support and loneliness reduction when the two conditions are combined (ρ = −0.39, p < 0.05). In addition, V-VAT was more effective than A-VAT in reducing loneliness (U = 85.50, p < 0.05) and increasing social support (U = 95, p < 0.05). However, no significant correlation between changes in perceived social support and changes in perceived loneliness was observed in either intervention condition (V-VAT condition: ρ = −0.24, p = 0.37; A-VAT condition: ρ = −0.46, p = 0.06). This study’s findings could significantly contribute to developing targeted interventions for improving the well-being of aging adults, addressing a critical global issue.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Healthy Aging)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Synergistic Effect of Motivation for the Elderly and Support for Going Out II: Measures to Induce Elderly Men to Go Out
by
Kenta Tsutsui, Shoko Ukita, Masahiro Kondo, Genta Toshima, Naoki Miyazaki, Kengo Nagashima, Mitsuyo Ohmura, Saki Tsuchihashi, Yoshitaka Tsuji, Makoto Katoh, Naomi Aida, Yoshiki Kobayashi, Yui Ohtsu, Yoshihiro Fujita, Shukichi Tanaka, Hiroki Watanabe, Yasushi Naruse, Isao Iizuka, Hiromi Kato, Yumi Mashimo and Takaaki Senbonmatsuadd
Show full author list
remove
Hide full author list
Geriatrics 2024, 9(1), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9010021 - 18 Feb 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Background: The second demonstration experiment of supporting elderly people going out with the Choisoko system was conducted. The first study showed that for women, friends, shopping, convenience, and events are factors that have the potential to be effective motivational factors for encouraging these
[...] Read more.
Background: The second demonstration experiment of supporting elderly people going out with the Choisoko system was conducted. The first study showed that for women, friends, shopping, convenience, and events are factors that have the potential to be effective motivational factors for encouraging these women to go out. On the other hand, these factors did not lead to any behavioral change in men. Since there are approximately 15 million men over the age of 65 in Japan, behavioral changes in the entire elderly population will not occur without guidance for elderly men to go out. Methods: Sixteen elderly men and forty-seven elderly women participated. Interestingly, men are far more passionate about games than women. Therefore, we hypothesized that a preference for games could be a hint as to how we might encourage older men to go out. Then, a second demonstration experiment was conducted, and we analyzed the relationship between six game preferences and the frequency of going out. Results: Among gaming preferences, men with gaming preferences such as Philanthropists, Achievers, and Free Spirits showed a tendency to go out. Conclusions: These stimuli may have the potential to be factors that may encourage elderly men to go out.
Full article
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Effectiveness of a Remote Monitoring-Based Home Training System for Preventing Frailty in Older Adults in Japan: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial
by
Yasuhiro Suzuki, Yukiyo Shimizu, Yuichiro Soma, Takaaki Matsuda, Yasushi Hada and Masao Koda
Geriatrics 2024, 9(1), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9010020 - 18 Feb 2024
Abstract
This study examined whether SUKUBARA®, a remotely managed training system that we developed, could improve skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength in community-dwelling older adults. SUKUBARA® is a composite exercise program that combines lower-load resistance training and balance exercises. Participants
[...] Read more.
This study examined whether SUKUBARA®, a remotely managed training system that we developed, could improve skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength in community-dwelling older adults. SUKUBARA® is a composite exercise program that combines lower-load resistance training and balance exercises. Participants were instructed to exercise while watching individually assigned videos on YouTube, such that the research administrators could verify the viewing records of each participant. Fifteen participants (69 ± 4 years) were randomly assigned to the intervention (eight participants; the RT group) or the control group (seven participants; the CO group). The primary endpoint was a change in fat-free mass (FFM; kg), whereas the secondary endpoints included a change in knee extension strength (KES; Nm/kg). Correlation analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between FFM and KES. During the 12-week intervention period, significant differences were observed between the RT and CO groups in the changes in FFM (0.5 ± 0.5 vs. −0.1 ± 0.5) and KES (0.20 ± 0.22 vs. 0.02 ± 0.13), and significant positive correlations were found between the changes. Thus, SUKUBARA®-based interventions have the potential to improve muscle hypertrophy and enhance muscle strength among community-dwelling older adults. Thus, SUKUBARA® -based interventions show promise in improving muscle hypertrophy and enhance muscle strength among community-dwelling older adults. However, appropriately powered future research is needed to replicate these findings.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Preventing and Managing Sarcopenia in Older Adults through Physical Activity, Exercise and Nutrition Interventions and Approaches)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
The Development and Evaluation of an Animated Video for Pre- and Postoperative Instructions for Patients with Osteoarthritis—A Design Science Research Approach
by
Erik Kylén, Joel Stenholm, Madeleine Johansson, Lena Aggestam and Ann Svensson
Geriatrics 2024, 9(1), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9010019 - 08 Feb 2024
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a condition in the hip or knee joints that develops during a long period of time and sometimes needs hip or knee joint replacement surgery when pain gets too intense for the patient. This paper describes how an animated video
[...] Read more.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a condition in the hip or knee joints that develops during a long period of time and sometimes needs hip or knee joint replacement surgery when pain gets too intense for the patient. This paper describes how an animated video for pre- and postoperative instructions for patients with osteoarthritis was designed. The design science research (DSR) approach was followed by creating a web-based animated video. The web-based animated video is used to support surgical departments with education for patients suffering from OA. In the web-based animated video, information about OA surgical treatment and its pre- and post-arrangements was included. The relevance, the rigor, and the design cycles were focused on, with some iterations of and improvements in the animations. Even after implementation, there was a feedback-loop with comments from the surgeons and their patients. Moreover, as more departments will use the web-based animated video, they want to make their special mark on it, so that further changes will be made. This paper presents the design and successful implementation of an animated video for pre- and postoperative instructions for patients with osteoarthritis, tightly linked to the patient journey and the workflow of healthcare professionals. The animated video serves not only as a tool to improve care but also as a basis for further scientific research studies.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health and Disease in Frail Older Individuals: Assessment and Management in Clinical Practice)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Highly Accessed Articles
Latest Books
E-Mail Alert
News
Topics
Topic in
JCM, Healthcare, Diseases, Geriatrics
Clinical Features and Intervention of Patients with Chronic Non-Oncologic Pain
Topic Editors: Ferran Cuenca-Martínez, Josué Fernández-CarneroDeadline: 20 March 2024
Topic in
Cells, Geriatrics, Immuno, IJMS, JCM
Inflammaging: The Immunology of Aging
Topic Editors: Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari, Alejandro Martín-MontalvoDeadline: 30 June 2024
Topic in
Geriatrics, Healthcare, IJERPH, JCM, TropicalMed
One Health Approach in Global Health and Clinical Medicine
Topic Editors: Roy Rillera Marzo, Adnan Kisa, Atin Adhikari, Bijaya PadhiDeadline: 31 July 2024
Topic in
Biomedicines, Brain Sciences, Geriatrics, Life, Neurology International
Translational Advances in Neurodegenerative Dementias
Topic Editors: Francesco Di Lorenzo, Annibale AntonioniDeadline: 31 October 2024
Conferences
Special Issues
Special Issue in
Geriatrics
Enriching Lives: Palliative Care in Geriatrics
Guest Editor: Virginia BoccardiDeadline: 15 April 2024
Special Issue in
Geriatrics
Psycho-Bio-Social Factors to Drive Frailty: What’s New?
Guest Editors: Guilherme Furtado, André Luis Lacerda Bachi, Marcelo BarrosDeadline: 30 April 2024
Special Issue in
Geriatrics
Physical Activity and Exercise in Older Adults
Guest Editor: Nicola AdamsDeadline: 30 June 2024
Special Issue in
Geriatrics
Psychological Perspectives on Driving Behavior in Aging: Implications for Assessment Tools and Training Methods
Guest Editors: Luigi Tinella, Alessandro Oronzo Caffò, Andrea BoscoDeadline: 31 July 2024
Topical Collections
Topical Collection in
Geriatrics
Joint Arthroplasty in the Oldest People
Collection Editors: Juan F. Blanco, Carmen da Casa
Topical Collection in
Geriatrics
Ageism, the Black Sheep of the Decade of Healthy Ageing
Collection Editor: Lydia Gimenez Llort
Topical Collection in
Geriatrics
Responding to the Pandemic: Geriatric Care Models
Collection Editor: James Powers