Marine Aquaculture

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 19125

Special Issue Editor

Faculty of Science, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
Interests: biodiversity; phylogenetics; reproduction; early life stages; domestication aquaculture; global change; Teleost fish

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Only few decades ago, the bulk of seafood was coming from the capture of wild animals in nature. However, the decrease of global fisheries since 1980, combined with the increasing demand of seafood products, has created a strong impetus to develop aquaculture. This has resulted in that, for the first time in human history, more than half of seafood consumed today is farmed. The main goals of this Special Issue is to describe how marine aquaculture has developed both globally and locally by analyzing diverse case studies (e.g., Sea bass and Gilthead Sea bream in the Mediterranean Sea), analyse what are the main consequences of this strong development (e.g., eutrophication, escapees) and what are the possible challenges ahead and solutions (e.g., offshore aquaculture, fish diversification, genetic improvements).

Dr. Fabrice Teletchea
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Wild/farmed
  • Domestication/selection
  • Diversification
  • Stock Enhancement
  • Offshore aquaculture
  • Sustainable development
  • Fish
  • Shellfish

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2816 KiB  
Article
The Potential Sex Determination Genes, Sox9a and Cyp19a, in Walleye Pollock (Gadus Chalcogrammus) Are Influenced by Water Temperature
by So-Sun Kim, David Nahm-Joon Kim, Chang-Ju Lee, Hae-Kyun Yoo, Soon-Gyu Byun, Hyun-Jeong Lim, Jin Choi and Jang-Su Park
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8(7), 501; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8070501 - 08 Jul 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2271
Abstract
Our aim was to study the relationship between the sex-determining genes, sox9a and cyp19a, and water temperature in Gadus chalcogrammus. We assessed the sex ratio based on the expression levels of sox9a and cyp19a at different water temperatures (5, 8, 11, [...] Read more.
Our aim was to study the relationship between the sex-determining genes, sox9a and cyp19a, and water temperature in Gadus chalcogrammus. We assessed the sex ratio based on the expression levels of sox9a and cyp19a at different water temperatures (5, 8, 11, and 14 °C) and at different stages of walleye pollock development (embryos, larvae, and juveniles). Next, we used immature walleye pollock to assess sox9a expression in males and cyp19a and vitellogenin (VTG) expression in females at different water temperatures. Males expressed sox9a in the gonadal tissues, while females expressed cyp19a in the gonadal tissues and VTG in the blood plasma. In the first experiment, cyp19a expression was higher at 5 °C and 8 °C, and sox9a expression was higher at 11 and 14 °C. In the second experiment, sox9a expression remained relatively stable, but cyp19a expression decreased with increasing temperature, decreasing significantly after 14 °C. Similar patterns were also observed for VTG expression. These results indicate that lower water temperatures increase cyp19a expression, which increases the female ratio. Higher water temperatures increase sox9a expression, which increases the male ratio. Therefore, this study highlights the potential of the sex-determining genes and the influence of water temperature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Aquaculture)
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21 pages, 2226 KiB  
Article
Commercial Performance of Blue Mussel (Mytilus edulis, L.) Stocks at a Microgeographic Scale
by Efflam Guillou, Carole Cyr, Jean-François Laplante, François Bourque, Nicolas Toupoint and Réjean Tremblay
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8(6), 382; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8060382 - 26 May 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2718
Abstract
Bivalve aquaculture is an important component of the economy in eastern Canada. Because of current social, environmental, economic, and resource constraints, offshore mussel cultivation seems to be a promising strategy. With the objective of optimizing farming strategies that support the sustainability and development [...] Read more.
Bivalve aquaculture is an important component of the economy in eastern Canada. Because of current social, environmental, economic, and resource constraints, offshore mussel cultivation seems to be a promising strategy. With the objective of optimizing farming strategies that support the sustainability and development of the mussel industry at a microgeographic scale, we evaluated, after a traditional two year production cycle, the commercial performance of spat from several mussel (Mytilus edulis) stocks originating from sites separated by less than 65 km and cultivated at two different grow-out sites (shallow lagoon and offshore waters). The spatiotemporal variation in spat performance was studied through a multiyear in situ “stock-site” spat transfer design. The spat supply originating from the Bassin du Havre-Aubert lagoon systematically exhibited a larger size at sleeving time when compared to other stocks, and a better productivity level when harvested. Nevertheless, an alternative strategy would be to collect spat from the Havre-aux-Maisons lagoon, mostly because of the important commercial volumes of spat that can be collected there. Commercial performance (net income) was three times higher in the deep offshore grow-out site than in the shallow lagoon site. This better productivity in the open sea confirms the highly valuable strategy of offshore mussel farming in this area, where it was hypothesized that the less stressful environmental conditions positively influence reproduction, survival, and growth trends. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Aquaculture)
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16 pages, 4108 KiB  
Article
A Method for Heterogeneous Spatio-Temporal Data Integration in Support of Marine Aquaculture Site Selection
by Kate Beard, Melissa Kimble, Jing Yuan, Keith S. Evans, Wei Liu, Damian Brady and Stephen Moore
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8(2), 96; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8020096 - 04 Feb 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2845
Abstract
Aquaculture site selection, like most site suitability analyses, requires the assembly and combination of multiple variables. Geographic information systems GIS and multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) based approaches are commonly used for aquaculture site selection and demonstrate the integration of various information sources relevant for [...] Read more.
Aquaculture site selection, like most site suitability analyses, requires the assembly and combination of multiple variables. Geographic information systems GIS and multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) based approaches are commonly used for aquaculture site selection and demonstrate the integration of various information sources relevant for siting aquaculture. These analyses, however, tend to be one-time and result in a fixed site suitability plan. Within a dynamic marine environment experiencing potential regime shifts, a siting support tool that integrates new and evolving spatio-temporal data has benefits. This paper presents a flexible Voronoi cell-based GIS model for marine aquaculture siting. Rather than a one-time specification of suitable locations, the approach uses similarity measures on the characteristics of Voronoi cells to find cells with similar characteristics. We calculate a weighted aquaculture site tenure value for Voronoi cells that have been or are occupied by aquaculture farm sites. High scoring cells suggest suitable sites and serve as targets for similarity queries. We apply the approach to a case study on the coast of Maine using an R Shiny application to demonstrate the use of the framework for finding sites with similar characteristics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Aquaculture)
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17 pages, 2012 KiB  
Article
The Role of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on Litopenaeus vannamei During the Maturation of a Biofloc System
by Ferran Llario, Silvia Falco, María-Teresa Sebastiá-Frasquet, Julia Escrivá, Miguel Rodilla and Luís Henrique Poersch
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2019, 7(7), 228; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7070228 - 18 Jul 2019
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4932
Abstract
Biofloc technology is a sustainable aquaculture production system which uses microorganisms to maintain water quality and to increase productivity. In this system, probiotics can enhance the positive effects of bioflocs on the cultured species. The objective of this research is to study the [...] Read more.
Biofloc technology is a sustainable aquaculture production system which uses microorganisms to maintain water quality and to increase productivity. In this system, probiotics can enhance the positive effects of bioflocs on the cultured species. The objective of this research is to study the role of the probiotic bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens during the formation of a biofloc system for the culture of Litopenaeus vannamei. Two doses of probiotic were assayed and applied directly to the water. The experiment was developed in nine tanks distributed as follows: Three control tanks with no probiotic, three tanks with a probiotic dose of 103 cfu/mL, and three tanks with a dose of 104 cfu/mL. Water quality, microbial activity, growth parameters and the immune system state of shrimps were monitored throughout the maturation process. The results indicate a positive effect upon the shrimp immune system throughout the study period, where specifically there was an increase in granular hemocytes in the shrimp hemolymph. During the immature biofloc phase, granular hemocytes were 5% higher in tanks supplemented with the probiotic. During the mature biofloc phase, granular hemocytes were 7% higher in those same tanks. During the maturation of the biofloc, environmental conditions are more unfavorable for shrimp growth, due to the accumulation of nitrites. So, the effect of the probiotic is especially important during this stage when the shrimp are stressed and are more vulnerable to diseases. However, the effects on microbial activity, water quality and Litopenaeus vannamei growth did not increase the benefits of the biofloc system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Aquaculture)
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Review

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20 pages, 1780 KiB  
Review
A Global Overview of Aquaculture Food Production with a Focus on the Activity’s Development in Transitional Systems—The Case Study of a South European Country (Portugal)
by Carolina P. Rocha, Henrique N. Cabral, João C. Marques and Ana M. M. Gonçalves
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(3), 417; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030417 - 13 Mar 2022
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 5603
Abstract
World aquaculture food production rises every year, amounting, by 2018, to another all-time record of 82.1 million tonnes of farmed seafood, with Asia leading global production. In Europe, although coastal countries present historical fishing habits, aquaculture is in true expansion. Norway, the leading [...] Read more.
World aquaculture food production rises every year, amounting, by 2018, to another all-time record of 82.1 million tonnes of farmed seafood, with Asia leading global production. In Europe, although coastal countries present historical fishing habits, aquaculture is in true expansion. Norway, the leading European producer, is the eighth main producer worldwide. Portugal is a traditional fishing country but has invested in the development of aquaculture for the past decade, attaining, by 2018, 13.3 tonnes produced, making Portugal the 16th main producer amongst European Union member states that year. Most Portuguese aquaculture facilities operate in coastal systems, resorting to extensive and semi-intensive rearing techniques. In Portugal, marine food production in transitional systems is particularly interesting as the practice has, worldwide, been continuously substituted by intensive methods. In fact, facilities in transitional systems have developed over time and products gained higher commercial value. Clams and oysters corresponded, together, to over three quarters of total mollusc production in Portugal in 2018, while gilthead seabream and European seabass made up nearly all fish production in coastal environments. The state of aquaculture practices worldwide is reviewed in the present work, providing a particular focus on Portugal, where considerable development of the aquaculture sector is expected. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Aquaculture)
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