Novel Lubricant Additives

A special issue of Lubricants (ISSN 2075-4442).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2017) | Viewed by 9492

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Tribonex AB, Knivstagatan 12, 753 23 Uppsala, Sweden
Interests: lubricant formulations (engine oils, metalworking emulsions); solubility and lubricity issues; additives and surface chemistry
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue came as the natural consequence of the great success of the previous Special Issue “Additives for Lubricants”.

Neither mineral nor synthetic base oils can satisfy today’s lubricant performance requirements without using additives. Additives are chemical substances, in most part synthetic, which are used in lubricant formulations to adjust a broad of spectrum of properties by enhancing what is desired and suppressing what is unwanted. Many additives are multifunctional products that may exhibit synergistic or antagonistic behavior when mixed together. As a rule of thumb, additives do not add. This makes balancing and optimization of additive systems a challenging task.

The increasing focus on energy efficiency and environmental safety of lubricants poses new challenges for lubricant formulators, preventing or restricting the use of certain time-proven chemistries, such as ZDDP in engine oil or boric acid in MWF formulations. At the same time, it stimulates the search for new classes of additives, including all-organic ashless friction modifiers, nano-additives, and bio-based superlubricity additives, as well as fundamental studies into how individual additives work.

This Special Issue will examine current advances and future trends in lubricant additives. Contributions are solicited both from academic researchers working in the field of tribology and lubrication science and their industrial peers dealing with additive adpack development and lubricant formulation. The idea is to promote bi-directional information exchange whereby some practical challenges faced by lubricant industry are presented to university researchers and novel additive chemistries are exposed to industrial researchers and formulators involved in product development.

Prof. Dr. Boris Zhmud
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Lubricants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lubricant additives
  • friction modifiers
  • superlubricity
  • additive chemistry
  • synthetic oils

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 18400 KiB  
Article
Tribological Performance of Phosphonium Ionic Liquids as Additives in Lithium Lubricating Grease
by Zeyun Wang, Jun Chang and Chao Cai
Lubricants 2018, 6(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants6010023 - 27 Feb 2018
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4148
Abstract
Three oil–miscible phosphonium ionic liquids with different structures were synthesized and used as additives for a Poly Alpha Olefin 10 (PAO 10) lithium lubricating grease. Different from other additives, the ionic liquids participated in saponification and were trapped in the entanglement network formed [...] Read more.
Three oil–miscible phosphonium ionic liquids with different structures were synthesized and used as additives for a Poly Alpha Olefin 10 (PAO 10) lithium lubricating grease. Different from other additives, the ionic liquids participated in saponification and were trapped in the entanglement network formed by the thickener. The effects of the ionic liquids on the rheological properties of lithium lubricating grease were characterized through a small-amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS) measurement. The tribological performances of the lubricating greases were determined on a four-ball friction tester. The addition of phosphonium ionic liquids caused a decrease in the storage (G′) and loss (Gʺ) modulus of lubricating grease. However, the ionic liquids were found to be effective lubricant additives for improving the friction-reducing and antiwear properties of PAO 10 lithium lubricating grease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Lubricant Additives)
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14 pages, 9501 KiB  
Article
Testing of WS2 Nanoparticles Functionalized by a Humin-Like Shell as Lubricant Additives
by Hagit Sade, Alexey Moshkovich, Jean-Paul Lellouche and Lev Rapoport
Lubricants 2018, 6(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants6010003 - 04 Jan 2018
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4571
Abstract
Nanoparticles of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) have been known to reduce friction and wear when added to oil-type liquid lubricants. Aggregation limits the ability of the nanoparticles to penetrate into the interface between the two rubbing surfaces—an important factor in friction reduction mechanisms. [...] Read more.
Nanoparticles of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) have been known to reduce friction and wear when added to oil-type liquid lubricants. Aggregation limits the ability of the nanoparticles to penetrate into the interface between the two rubbing surfaces—an important factor in friction reduction mechanisms. Doping has been successfully used to reduce agglomeration, but it must be done in the production process of the nanoparticles. The use of surface-functionalized nanoparticles is less common than doping. Nonetheless, it has the potential to reduce agglomeration and thereby improve the reduction of friction and wear. In this study, we present the results of preliminary tribological ball-on-flat tests performed with WS2 nanoparticles functionalized by a humin-like conformal shell, as additives to polyalphaolefin-4 (PAO-4) oil. We tested WS2 inorganic nanotubes (INTs) and two grades of inorganic fullerene-like nanoparticles (IFs). The shell/coating was found to improve friction reduction for IFs but not for INTs through better dispersion in the oil. The thicker the coating on the IFs, the less agglomerated they were. Coated industrial-grade IFs were found, by far, to be the best additive for friction reduction. We suggest the combination between reduced agglomeration and poor crystallinity as the reason for this result. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Lubricant Additives)
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