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The Application of Electroactive Polymers
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The Application of Electroactive Polymers

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Composites".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2020) | Viewed by 16498

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Jennifer Irvin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
Interests: electrospinning; biosensors; maximizing molecular weight; photocatalytic water purification; scaffolds for nerve regeneration; energy storage; ion transport; nanoscale templating approaches to enhance electroactivity; n-doping stability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electroactive polymers (also known as conducting polymers or inherently/intrinsically conducting polymers) are polymers that change their properties as a function of applied electric fields. Changes in polymer oxidation state result in significant changes in volume, color, reactivity, permeability, conductivity, and solubility. The ability to change these properties at will is what has led to most of the potential applications. Stable oxidation/reduction processes allow the materials to be used for energy storage (batteries and capacitors) and static dissipation; conductivity changes are useful for sensors, electromagnetic shielding, and artificial nerves; changes in volume have practical applications in actuators, drug delivery, and separations; light absorption and emission processes allow the polymers to be useful for photovoltaic and light emitting applications as well as photothermal therapeutics; changes in color have led to applications in electrochromics.

We invite the scientific community to submit their contributions, in the form of original research articles and review articles, in all areas of applications of electroactive polymers.

It is my pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript for this Special Issue. Full papers, communications, and reviews are all welcome.

Prof. Jennifer Irvin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Electroactive polymer
  • Conducting polymer
  • Battery
  • Capacitor
  • Photovoltaic
  • Electrochromic
  • Drug delivery
  • Actuator
  • Electromagnetic shielding
  • Light emitting polymer
  • Static dissipation
  • Sensor
  • Biosensor
  • Photothermal therapy
  • Artificial nerves

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 5608 KiB  
Article
Highly Stable and Efficient Performance of Binder-Free Symmetric Supercapacitor Fabricated with Electroactive Polymer Synthesized via Interfacial Polymerization
by Muhammad Fahim, Anwar ul Haq Ali Shah and Salma Bilal
Materials 2019, 12(10), 1626; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12101626 - 17 May 2019
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 3087
Abstract
The use of electroactive polyaniline (PANI) as an electrode material for a symmetric supercapacitor has been reported. The material was synthesized via interfacial polymerization, using ammonium per sulfate, dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA), and gasoline, respectively, in the oxidant, dopant, and novel organic phase, [...] Read more.
The use of electroactive polyaniline (PANI) as an electrode material for a symmetric supercapacitor has been reported. The material was synthesized via interfacial polymerization, using ammonium per sulfate, dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA), and gasoline, respectively, in the oxidant, dopant, and novel organic phase, and was subsequently employed as an electrode material to design a binder-free symmetric capacitor. As properties of PANI rely on the method of synthesis as well as reaction parameters, the present combination of reactants, at pre-optimized conditions, in the interfacial polymerization, led to the formation of PANI exhibiting a high specific capacitance (712 Fg−1 at 0.5 Ag−1), a good rate capability (86% capacitance retention at 10 Ag−1), a very low solution resistance (Rs = 0.61 Ω), and a potential drop (IR = 0.01917 V). The device exhibited a high energy density of 28 Whkg−1, at a power density of 0.28 kWkg−1, and retained as high as 15.1 Whkg−1, at a high power density of 4.5 kWkg−1. Moreover, it showed an excellent cycling stability and retained 98.5% of coulombic efficiency after 5000 charge discharge cycles, without showing any signs of degradation of polymer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Electroactive Polymers)
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19 pages, 6623 KiB  
Article
Cost Effective Chemical Oxidative Synthesis of Soluble and Electroactive Polyaniline Salt and Its Application as Anticorrosive Agent for Steel
by Anwar-ul-Haq Ali Shah, Muhammad Kamran, Salma Bilal and Rizwan Ullah
Materials 2019, 12(9), 1527; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12091527 - 10 May 2019
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 3536
Abstract
The cost effective synthesis of electroactive polyaniline (PANI) while retaining its desirable properties is one of the most debatable and challenging tasks for researchers in the field. Herein, we report a cost effective inverse emulsion polymerization pathway for the synthesis of soluble and [...] Read more.
The cost effective synthesis of electroactive polyaniline (PANI) while retaining its desirable properties is one of the most debatable and challenging tasks for researchers in the field. Herein, we report a cost effective inverse emulsion polymerization pathway for the synthesis of soluble and processable PANI salt by using diesel as a novel dispersion medium. Different reaction parameters and their effects on the properties and yield of polyaniline were optimized. The polymer exhibited a highly porous morphology and was found to be stable up to 417 °C. The PANI salt showed good solubility in common solvents, such as chloroform, N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and in a 1:3 mixtures by volume of 2-propanol and toluene. The coating of the synthesized PANI salt on stainless steel has shown good corrosion resistant behavior in marine water by reducing the corrosion rate to 67.9% as compared to uncoated stainless steel. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Electroactive Polymers)
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16 pages, 7976 KiB  
Article
Applications of Electrochromic Copolymers Based on Tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine and Bithiophene Derivatives in Electrochromic Devices
by Chung-Wen Kuo, Jui-Cheng Chang, Po-Ying Lee, Tzi-Yi Wu and Yu-Chang Huang
Materials 2018, 11(10), 1895; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11101895 - 03 Oct 2018
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2562
Abstract
Four copolymers (P(tCz (tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine)-co-bTP (2,2′-bithiophene)), P(tCz-co-CPDT (4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b’]dithiophene)), P(tCz-co-DTC (3,6-di(2-thienyl)carbazole)), and P(tCz-co-CPDTK (cyclopentadithiophene ketone))) are deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) surfaces using electrochemical polymerization. Spectroelectrochemical properties of copolymer electrodes reveal that the colors of P(tCz- [...] Read more.
Four copolymers (P(tCz (tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine)-co-bTP (2,2′-bithiophene)), P(tCz-co-CPDT (4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b’]dithiophene)), P(tCz-co-DTC (3,6-di(2-thienyl)carbazole)), and P(tCz-co-CPDTK (cyclopentadithiophene ketone))) are deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) surfaces using electrochemical polymerization. Spectroelectrochemical properties of copolymer electrodes reveal that the colors of P(tCz-co-bTP) film are pinkish-orange, light olive green, light grayish blue, and dark blue at 0.0, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 V, respectively, whereas the color variations of P(tCz-co-CPDTK) film are light yellow, yellow, and blue at 0.0 V, 0.8 V, and 1.5 V, respectively. The ΔT of P(tCz-co-bTP), P(tCz-co-CPDT), P(tCz-co-DTC), and P(tCz-co-CPDTK) films are estimated to be 43.0% at 967 nm, 28.7% at 864 nm, 43.6% at 870 nm, and 24.5% at 984 nm, respectively. Five electrochromic devices (ECDs) are assembled using the tCz-based homopolymer and copolymers as coloring electrodes, and poly(2,2-dimethyl-3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) (PProDOT-Me2) as the complementary electrode. P(tCz-co-DTC)/PProDOT-Me2 ECD reveals high transmittance change (45.9% at 624 nm), P(tCz-co-CPDTK)/PProDOT-Me2 ECD shows high η (513.0 cm2 C−1 at 582 nm), and P(tCz-co-bTP)/PProDOT-Me2 ECD presents short switching time (less than 0.4 s) at 628 nm. Moreover, these ECDs show satisfactory redox stability and open circuit stability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Electroactive Polymers)
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Review

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29 pages, 7355 KiB  
Review
Biomedical Application of Electroactive Polymers in Electrochemical Sensors: A Review
by Damilola Runsewe, Tania Betancourt and Jennifer A. Irvin
Materials 2019, 12(16), 2629; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12162629 - 18 Aug 2019
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 6829
Abstract
Conducting polymers are of interest due to their unique behavior on exposure to electric fields, which has led to their use in flexible electronics, sensors, and biomaterials. The unique electroactive properties of conducting polymers allow them to be used to prepare biosensors that [...] Read more.
Conducting polymers are of interest due to their unique behavior on exposure to electric fields, which has led to their use in flexible electronics, sensors, and biomaterials. The unique electroactive properties of conducting polymers allow them to be used to prepare biosensors that enable real time, point of care (POC) testing. Potential advantages of these devices include their low cost and low detection limit, ultimately resulting in increased access to treatment. This article presents a review of the characteristics of conducting polymer-based biosensors and the recent advances in their application in the recognition of disease biomarkers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Electroactive Polymers)
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