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Tribology of Materials and Analysis

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2020) | Viewed by 26897

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Prof. Dr. Chin-Chung Wei

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Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Formosa University, Yunlin, Taiwan
Interests: transmission tribology; material surface science and modification; smart machinery and monitoring; structural design and vibration control
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Prof. Dr. Jeng-Haur Horng

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Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Formosa University, Yunlin 632, Taiwan
Interests: tribology in Industrial application; lubrication failure diagnosis and monitoring; precision machine system analysis; micro-contact mechanics; green lubricant
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Prof. Dr. Wen-Hsien Kao

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Department of Automation Engineering and Institute of Mechatronoptic Systems, Chienkuo Technology University, Changhua 500, Taiwan
Interests: tribology; DLC coating performance and application; MoS2 solid lubricating films performance; micro-nano film properties; photocatalyst characteristics
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Prof. Dr. Yunn-Lin Hwang

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Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, National Formosa University, Yunlin 632, Taiwan
Interests: dynamics of multibody systems; mechanical vibrations and modal analysis, computer-aided engineering; biomechanics; walking robot
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tribology of materials and analysis covers mechanic, material, processing, physical and other highly integrated technologies. Microtribology and adhesion characteristics are important factors in the service life of tribology of materials and analysis. Material engineering enhances microtribology and adhesion properties, and ensures the core technology avoids excessive friction and wear.

The aim of this Special Issue is to collect high quality research papers, short communications, and review articles that focus on tribology of materials, contact mechanics, adhesion, surface engineering, material analysis and selected multidisciplinary emerging fields. The Special Issue will also publish selected papers from the International Conference on Engineering Tribology and Applied Technology 2018 (ICETAT2018), which will be held from 16–18, November, 2018, in Taipei, Taiwan. The aim of the ICETAT2018 is to gather scholars from all over the world to present advances in the aforementioned fields and to foster an environment conducive to exchanging ideas and information. The ICETAT2018 will provide a platform to assemble researchers, practitioners, and academics to present and discuss ideas, challenges and potential solutions on established or emerging topics relating to research and practice in engineering tribology of high-speed, high-precision, energy conservation, sustainable use, advanced design, industrial tribology and issues with their application. We are cordially inviting you to submit your manuscript to the Special Issue and also join us at the ICETAT2018 conference to share the latest news in tribology of materials, microsystems, and related emerging fields.

Prof. Dr. Chin-Chung Wei
Prof. Dr. Jeng-Haur Horng
Prof. Dr. Wen-Hsien Kao
Prof. Dr. Yunn-Lin Hwang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Tribology
Materials
Material engineering
Material mechanics
Material analysis
Coating

Published Papers (9 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 7009 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Sensor-Assisted Assessment of the Tribological Behavior Patterns of AA7075 Hybrid MMC Reinforced with Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes and Pulverized Fuel Ash

by Senthil Kumaran Selvaraj, Kathiravan Srinivasan, Ramesh Kumar S and Yuh-Chung Hu

Materials 2020, 13(11), 2583; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13112583 - 05 Jun 2020

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1653

Abstract

In recent years, the deployment of sensors and other ancillary technologies has turned out to be vital in the investigation of tribological behavioral patterns of composites. The tribological behavioral patterns of AA7075 hybrid metal matrix composites (MMCs) reinforced with multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and pulverized fuel ash (PFA) were investigated in this work. The stir casting technique was used to fabricate the composites. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength and hardness were determined for the fabricated material. Besides, microstructure analysis was performed for these AA7075 hybrid MMCs reinforced with MWCNTs and pulverized fuel ash. A pin-on-disc wear testing setup was used to evaluate the wear rate, in which the EN 31 steel disc was used as the counter-face. Taguchi’s design of the experiments was used to optimize the input parameters that impact the characteristics of the hybrid composites, and ANOVA (analysis of variance) was used to determine the contribution of input parameters on the wear behavior. Electrical discharge machining (EDM) was conducted on the AA7075 hybrid metal matrix composites using a copper electrode for determining the material removal rate. These investigations and the results were utilized for determining the optimized output process parameter values of the AA7075 metal matrix composite. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribology of Materials and Analysis)

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15 pages, 2542 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Novel Micro-Contact Stiffness Model for the Grinding Surfaces of Steel Materials Based on Cosine Curve-Shaped Asperities

by Qi An, Shuangfu Suo, Fuyan Lin and Jianwen Shi

Materials 2019, 12(21), 3561; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12213561 - 30 Oct 2019

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2450

Abstract

Contact stiffness is an important parameter for describing the contact behavior of rough surfaces. In this study, to more accurately describe the contact stiffness between grinding surfaces of steel materials, a novel microcontact stiffness model is proposed. In this model, the novel cosine curve-shaped asperity and the conventional Gauss distribution are used to develop a simulated rough surface. Based on this simulated rough surface, the analytical expression of the microcontact stiffness model is obtained using contact mechanics theory and statistical theory. Finally, an experimental study of the contact stiffness of rough surfaces was conducted on different steel materials of various levels of roughness. The comparison results reveal that the prediction results of the present model show the same trend as that of the experimental results; the contact stiffness increases with increasing contact pressure. Under the same contact pressure, the present model is closer to the experimental results than the already existing elastic–plastic contact (CEB) and finite-element microcontact stiffness (KE) models, whose hypothesis of a single asperity is hemispherical. In addition, under the same contact pressure, the contact stiffness of the same steel material decreases with increasing roughness, whereas the contact stiffness values of different steel materials under the same roughness show only small differences. The correctness and accuracy of the present model can be demonstrated by analyzing the measured asperity geometry of steel materials and experimental results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribology of Materials and Analysis)

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13 pages, 5261 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Anti-Wear Property of Aluminum–Silicon Alloy Treated by Chemical Etching, Mechanical Honing and Laser Finishing

by Fengming Du, Chengdi Li, Zetian Mi, Yan Shen, Ruoxuan Huang, Xiaoguang Han, Yong Dong and Jiujun Xu

Materials 2019, 12(8), 1273; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12081273 - 18 Apr 2019

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2506

Abstract

To enhance the anti-wear property of aluminum–silicon (Al–Si) alloy, three processing technologies—chemical etching, mechanical honing and laser finishing—were compared in terms of their effects on anti-wear performance. The treated Al–Si alloy cylinder liner samples were worn against a piston ring by a reciprocating sliding tribotester; the anti-wear performance was represented by the friction coefficient and wear loss; and the wear mechanism was determined by establishing stress contact models. The results showed that the best time for both the chemical etching and mechanical honing treatments was 2 min, and the optimal laser power was 1000 W for the laser finishing treatment. The three processing technologies could all remove the aluminum layer and make the silicon protrude on the surface to avoid the plastic flow of aluminum during the friction process. The laser finishing could not only protrude the silicon particle but also make its edge rounded and smooth, which decreased the stress concentration. Therefore, the Al–Si alloy cylinder liner treated with laser finishing had the best anti-wear performance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribology of Materials and Analysis)

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13 pages, 11489 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Wear Evolution of the Glass Fiber-Reinforced PTFE under Dry Sliding and Elevated Temperature

by Ruoxuan Huang, Siqi Ma, Meidi Zhang, Jie Yang, Dehong Wang, Liang Zhang and Jiujun Xu

Materials 2019, 12(7), 1082; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12071082 - 02 Apr 2019

Cited by 21 | Viewed by 3841

Abstract

The wear evolution of the glass fiber reinforced Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) sliding against duplex steel at elevated temperature was investigated using the interrupted wear tests coupling with the worn surface observations. The morphological changes of the PTFE composite during the sliding were related to the variation of the tribological properties to analyze the underlying wear mechanisms. Results show that the coefficient of friction and wear rate change with the increase of temperature. During the sliding, three regions can be identified regardless of the temperature. The high temperature is beneficial to the formation of tribo-film. The sequence of wear evolution is PTFE removal, load transfer to glass fiber, and minor formation of tribo-film for the low temperature condition. For high temperatures, the wear behaviors are more complicated. The different phenomena include the third body abrasion, flake delamination of PTFE matrix, scratching and reformation of transfer film on the counterface, and the filling of the large scale PTFE groove. These behaviors may dominate the different stages in the stable region, but occur simultaneously and cause the dynamic steady wear. As a result, the wear rate at 200 °C is slightly fluctuant. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribology of Materials and Analysis)

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14 pages, 10527 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Experimental Study on Erosion–Corrosion of TP140 Casing Steel and 13Cr Tubing Steel in Gas–Solid and Liquid–Solid Jet Flows Containing 2 wt % NaCl

by Jiarui Cheng, Zhen Li, Ningsheng Zhang, Yihua Dou and Lu Cui

Materials 2019, 12(3), 358; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12030358 - 24 Jan 2019

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2679

Abstract

To study the erosion–corrosion characteristics of TP140 casing steel and 13Cr tubing steel in oil fields, we performed gas–solid and liquid–solid jet flow experiments to control particle addition, jet angle, and flow velocity and measure erosion and corrosion components. Meanwhile, we used a standard three-electrode system to study the changes in electrochemical parameters on a metal surface in a two-phase flow containing 2 wt % NaCl. Results showed that erosion is mainly dominated by the flow velocities and impact angles of particles, and corrosion rate is mainly affected by liquid flow rate. The erosion rates of the two materials increase with flow velocity, and the critical angle of maximum erosion rate exists. Meanwhile, flow velocity growth increases the current density on the TP140 surface while reducing the corrosion potential of 13Cr, but the effect of the angle on the two parameters is relatively small. The uniform corrosion of TP140 increases the erosion rate in the range of 10–20%, and the pitting of 13Cr increases the erosion rate in the range of 30–90%, indicating that the interaction between the erosion and corrosion of stainless steel is obvious. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribology of Materials and Analysis)

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19 pages, 8927 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Behavior of Wear Debris and Its Action Mechanism on the Tribological Properties of Medium-Carbon Steel with Magnetic Field

by Hongxin Shi, Sanming Du, Chao Sun, Chenfei Song, Zhenghai Yang and Yongzhen Zhang

Materials 2019, 12(1), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12010045 - 24 Dec 2018

Cited by 19 | Viewed by 2849

Abstract

Friction tests were conducted on self-matched pairs of medium-carbon steel using a pin-disk tribometer in an ambient laboratory environment with and without wear-debris removal, in order to clarify the influence of wear debris on the tribological properties of steels that were exposed to magnetic fields. The wear debris and worn surface were observed and analyzed. In the case that the wear debris was removed, the vast majority of wear debris was large, scarce oxidation, and no agglomeration, the grooves of various shapes and discontinuities, and no oxide layer were formed on the worn surface, severe wear occurred throughout the friction process. When the wear debris was not removed, the wear debris became fine, agglomeration and oxidation, a debris layer was formed on the worn surface, and the wear mode transitioned from severe to mild occurred during friction process. The results reveal that the re-entering of wear debris into the friction area is essential for the formation of a wear-debris layer and that an anti-wear effect can be achieved via the wear-debris layer formed on the worn surface during the friction process with a magnetic field. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribology of Materials and Analysis)

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24 pages, 9639 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A New Method for Predicting Erosion Damage of Suddenly Contracted Pipe Impacted by Particle Cluster via CFD-DEM

by Jiarui Cheng, Yihua Dou, Ningsheng Zhang, Zhen Li and Zhiguo Wang

Materials 2018, 11(10), 1858; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11101858 - 28 Sep 2018

Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3478

Abstract

A numerical study on the erosion of particle clusters in an abrupt pipe was conducted by means of the combined computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element methods (DEM). Furthermore, a particle-wall extrusion model and a criterion for judging particle collision interference were developed to classify and calculate the erosion rate caused by different interparticle collision mechanisms in a cluster. Meanwhile, a full-scale pipe flow experiment was conducted to confirm the effect of a particle cluster on the erosion rate and to verify the calculated results. The reducing wall was made of super 13Cr stainless steel materials and the round ceramsite as an impact particle was 0.65 mm in diameter and 1850 kg/m³ in density. The results included an erosion depth, particle-wall contact parameters, and a velocity decay rate of colliding particles along the radial direction at the target surface. Subsequently, the effect of interparticle collision mechanisms on particle cluster erosion was discussed. The calculated results demonstrate that collision interference between particles during one cluster impact was more likely to appear on the surface with large particle impact angles. This collision process between the rebounded particles and the following particles not only consumed the kinetic energy but also changed the impact angle of the following particles. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribology of Materials and Analysis)

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13 pages, 4355 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Synthesis and Exploration of the Lubricating Behavior of Nanoparticulated Mo₁₅S₁₉ in Linseed Oil

by Ignacio A. Fernández-Coppel, Pablo Martín-Ramos, Jesús Martín-Gil, Ramón Pamies, Manuel Avella and María Dolores Avilés

Materials 2018, 11(9), 1783; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11091783 - 19 Sep 2018

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3575

Abstract

Molybdenum chalcogenides present interesting properties beyond their superconducting critical temperatures and upper critical magnetic fields, making them suitable for potential applications in tribology, batteries, catalysis, or thermopower. In this study, Mo₁₅S₁₉ nanoparticles with an average diameter of 10 nm were synthesized via the reaction of ammonium molybdate with hydrochloric acid and elemental sulfur as reducers at 245 °C. The oxidation to MoO₃ in air was efficiently avoided by using linseed oil as a reaction medium and dispersant. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of the as-prepared samples revealed the presence of few-micron-size aggregates, while transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterization evidenced that the samples were polynanocrystalline with a high degree of homogeneity in size (standard deviation of 2.7 nm). The absence of the first-order (00l) reflection in the X-ray diffraction pattern was also indicative of the absence of Mo₃S₄ stacking, suggesting that it was a non-layered material. A dispersion of the nanoparticles in linseed oil has been studied as a lubricant of steel–steel sliding contacts, showing the formation of a surface layer that reduces wear and mean friction coefficients with respect to the base oil. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribology of Materials and Analysis)

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17 pages, 4939 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Role of Magnesium Perrhenate in an Oil/Solid Mixed System for Tribological Application at Various Temperatures

by Junhai Wang, Ting Li, Tingting Yan, Lixiu Zhang, Ke Zhang and Xin Qu

Materials 2018, 11(9), 1754; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11091754 - 18 Sep 2018

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2774

Abstract

Magnesium perrhenate used as a lubricating additive was prepared by an aqueous solution method in this paper, and was suspended in a base oil poly alpha olefin (PAO6) with the aid of surface active agents (SA). The thermal stability of the mixed oil with/without magnesium perrhenate and surface active agents was investigated by thermogravimetry testing. The influences of magnesium perrhenate as solid lubricating additive on the extreme pressure performance and the friction-reducing properties over a wide temperature range of the mixed lubricants were determined by four-ball tests and ball-on-disc frictional tests for the commercially available silicon nitride ball and a Ni-base superalloy frictional pair. The results revealed that the added magnesium perrhenate did not obviously affect the thermostability and oxidation resistance of the base oil. Meanwhile, it minimized the coefficients of friction and wear scar diameter to a certain extent in the four-ball experimental conditions. Ball-on-disc rubbing tests suggested the mixed oil had a similar lubricating performance to the base oil below the decomposition temperature point. The most significant advancement was the impressive antifriction improvement at the high temperature range, while the friction coefficients of the oil containing magnesium perrhenate compound were obviously below that of the base stock. This better tribological performance of the mixed lubricant was attributed to the native shear susceptible property and chemical stability of magnesium perrhenate under high temperature conditions, which could form an effective durable and stable antifriction layer with the oxides from the superalloy matrix, thereby decreasing the friction in the high-temperature environment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribology of Materials and Analysis)

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