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Luminescent Materials and Devices

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2015) | Viewed by 51767

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Dirk Poelman

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Lumilab, Department of Solid State Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S1, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
Interests: lighting, vision, and luminescence, displays; thin film optics; photocatalysis; medical imaging; structural characterization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, new and improved luminescent materials have been developed, leading to higher brightness and stability of display and lighting devices. A shining example is the ever-increasing efficiency of white LEDs, recently breaking the 300 lm/W barrier. Other applications—existing and emerging—also benefit from improved luminescent materials. Persistent luminescent materials are used in safety way guidance systems and tested as power-less road markings, mechanoluminescent emitters can be used for pressure sensing, long-wavelength emitting phosphors are highly promising for in vitro and in vivo medical imaging, and the first quantum dot-based televisions are appearing on the market. Next to these developments, both upconversion and quantum cutting phosphors are receiving attention, mostly for application in solar cells.

For all these applications, there is ample room for improvement in materials and device performance, and both fundamental and applied research is still necessary. This special issue aims at presenting a selection of state-of-the-art papers on the synthesis, structural and optical characterization and modeling of luminescent materials and devices. Review contributions as well as original research papers are welcomed in this issue.

Dirk Poelman
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • wavelength conversion
  • quantum cutting
  • upconversion, persistent luminescence
  • mechanoluminescence
  • thermoluminescence
  • phosphors
  • quantum dots

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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2189 KiB  
Article
Surface Characterization and Photoluminescence Properties of Ce3+,Eu Co-Doped SrF2 Nanophosphor
by Mubarak Y. A. Yagoub, Hendrik C. Swart, Luyanda L. Noto, Peber Bergman and Elizabeth Coetsee
Materials 2015, 8(5), 2361-2375; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma8052361 - 30 Apr 2015
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 8399
Abstract
SrF2:Eu,Ce3+ nanophosphors were successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method during down-shifting investigations for solar cell applications. The phosphors were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning Auger nanoprobe, time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and photoluminescence [...] Read more.
SrF2:Eu,Ce3+ nanophosphors were successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method during down-shifting investigations for solar cell applications. The phosphors were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning Auger nanoprobe, time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. XRD showed that the crystallite size calculated with Scherrer’s equation was in the nanometre scale. XPS confirmed the formation of the matrix and the presence of the dopants in the SrF2 host. The PL of the nanophosphor samples were studied using different excitation sources. The phenomenon of energy transfer from Ce3+ to Eu2+ has been demonstrated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Luminescent Materials and Devices)
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2029 KiB  
Article
Crystal Quality and Light Output Power of GaN-Based LEDs Grown on Concave Patterned Sapphire Substrate
by YewChung Sermon Wu, A. Panimaya Selvi Isabel, Jian-Hsuan Zheng, Bo-Wen Lin, Jhen-Hong Li and Chia-Chen Lin
Materials 2015, 8(4), 1993-1999; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma8041993 - 22 Apr 2015
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 6105
Abstract
The crystal quality and light output power of GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) grown on concave patterned sapphire substrate (CPSS) were investigated. It was found that the crystal quality of GaN-based LEDs grown on CPSS improved with the decrease of the pattern space (percentage [...] Read more.
The crystal quality and light output power of GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) grown on concave patterned sapphire substrate (CPSS) were investigated. It was found that the crystal quality of GaN-based LEDs grown on CPSS improved with the decrease of the pattern space (percentage of c-plane). However, when the pattern space decreased to 0.41 μm (S0.41-GaN), the GaN crystallinity dropped. On the other hand, the light output power of GaN-based LEDs was increased with the decrease of the pattern space due to the change of the light extraction efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Luminescent Materials and Devices)
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2858 KiB  
Article
Impact of Different Surface Ligands on the Optical Properties of PbS Quantum Dot Solids
by Fan Xu, Luis Felipe Gerlein, Xin Ma, Chelsea R. Haughn, Matthew F. Doty and Sylvain G. Cloutier
Materials 2015, 8(4), 1858-1870; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma8041858 - 21 Apr 2015
Cited by 80 | Viewed by 8559
Abstract
The engineering of quantum dot solids with low defect concentrations and efficient carrier transport through a ligand strategy is crucial to achieve efficient quantum dot (QD) optoelectronic devices. Here, we study the consequences of various surface ligand treatments on the light emission properties [...] Read more.
The engineering of quantum dot solids with low defect concentrations and efficient carrier transport through a ligand strategy is crucial to achieve efficient quantum dot (QD) optoelectronic devices. Here, we study the consequences of various surface ligand treatments on the light emission properties of PbS quantum dot films using 1,3-benzenedithiol (1,3-BDT), 1,2-ethanedithiol (EDT), mercaptocarboxylic acids (MPA) and ammonium sulfide ((NH4)2S). We first investigate the influence of different ligand treatments on the inter-dot separation, which mainly determines the conductivity of the QD films. Then, through a combination of photoluminescence and transient photoluminescence characterization, we demonstrate that the radiative and non-radiative recombination mechanisms in the quantum dot films depend critically on the length and chemical structure of the surface ligands. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Luminescent Materials and Devices)
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1443 KiB  
Article
1,7-Bis-(N,N-dialkylamino)perylene Bisimides: Facile Synthesis and Characterization as Near-Infrared Fluorescent Dyes
by Kew-Yu Chen and Che-Wei Chang
Materials 2014, 7(11), 7548-7565; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma7117548 - 24 Nov 2014
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 7538
Abstract
Three symmetric alkylamino-substituted perylene bisimides with different n-alkyl chain lengths (n = 6, 12, or 18), 1,7-bis-(N,N-dialkylamino)perylene bisimides (1a–1c), were synthesized under mild condition and were characterized by 1H NMR, 13 [...] Read more.
Three symmetric alkylamino-substituted perylene bisimides with different n-alkyl chain lengths (n = 6, 12, or 18), 1,7-bis-(N,N-dialkylamino)perylene bisimides (1a–1c), were synthesized under mild condition and were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and high resolution mass spectroscopy. Their optical and electrochemical properties were measured using UV-Vis and emission spectroscopic techniques as well as cyclic voltammetry (CV). These compounds show deep green color in both solution and solid state, and are highly soluble in dichloromethane and even in nonpolar solvents such as hexane. The shapes of the absorption spectra of 1a–1c in the solution and solid state were found to be almost the same, indicating that the long alkyl chains could efficiently prevent intermolecular contact and aggregation. They show a unique charge transfer emission in the near-infrared region, of which the peak wavelengths exhibit strong solvatochromism. The dipole moments of the molecules have been estimated using the Lippert–Mataga equation, and upon excitation, they show larger dipole moment changes than that of 1,7-diaminoperylene bisimide (2). Moreover, all the dyes exhibit two irreversible one-electron oxidations and two quasi-reversible one-electron reductions in dichloromethane at modest potentials. Complementary density functional theory calculations performed on these chromophores are reported in order to rationalize their electronic structure and optical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Luminescent Materials and Devices)
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Review

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2085 KiB  
Review
Photoluminescent ZnO Nanoparticles and Their Biological Applications
by Zheng-Yong Zhang and Huan-Ming Xiong
Materials 2015, 8(6), 3101-3127; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma8063101 - 29 May 2015
Cited by 175 | Viewed by 14624
Abstract
During the past decades, numerous achievements concerning luminescent zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been reported due to their improved luminescence and good biocompatibility. The photoluminescence of ZnO NPs usually contains two parts, the exciton-related ultraviolet (UV) emission and the defect-related visible emission. [...] Read more.
During the past decades, numerous achievements concerning luminescent zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been reported due to their improved luminescence and good biocompatibility. The photoluminescence of ZnO NPs usually contains two parts, the exciton-related ultraviolet (UV) emission and the defect-related visible emission. With respect to the visible emission, many routes have been developed to synthesize and functionalize ZnO NPs for the applications in detecting metal ions and biomolecules, biological fluorescence imaging, nonlinear multiphoton imaging, and fluorescence lifetime imaging. As the biological applications of ZnO NPs develop rapidly, the toxicity of ZnO NPs has attracted more and more attention because ZnO can produce the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and release Zn2+ ions. Just as a coin has two sides, both the drug delivery and the antibacterial effects of ZnO NPs become attractive at the same time. Hence, in this review, we will focus on the progress in the synthetic methods, luminescent properties, and biological applications of ZnO NPs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Luminescent Materials and Devices)
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1844 KiB  
Review
Nanophotonics: Energy Transfer towards Enhanced Luminescent Chemosensing
by Roy Aad, Christophe Couteau and Gilles Lérondel
Materials 2015, 8(4), 1682-1703; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma8041682 - 13 Apr 2015
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 5527
Abstract
We discuss a recently proposed novel photonic approach for enhancing the fluorescence of extremely thin chemosensing polymer layers. We present theoretical and experimental results demonstrating the concept of gain-assisted waveguided energy transfer (G-WET) on a very thin polymer nanolayer spincoated on an active [...] Read more.
We discuss a recently proposed novel photonic approach for enhancing the fluorescence of extremely thin chemosensing polymer layers. We present theoretical and experimental results demonstrating the concept of gain-assisted waveguided energy transfer (G-WET) on a very thin polymer nanolayer spincoated on an active ZnO thin film. The G-WET approach is shown to result in an 8-fold increase in polymer fluorescence. We then extend the G-WET concept to nanostructured media. The benefits of using active nanostructured substrates on the sensitivity and fluorescence of chemosensing polymers are discussed. Preliminary theoretical results on enlarged sensing surface and photonic band-gap are presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Luminescent Materials and Devices)
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