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Supercritical Fluids

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2010) | Viewed by 42119

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
Interests: supercritical fluids assisted processes; food engineering; chemical plant design; combustion; supercritical extraction; supercritical micronization; supercritical phase inversion; supercritical electrospinning; supercritical drying
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Industrial Engineering Department, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
Interests: polymer/active principle composites; drug delivery; supercritical carbon dioxide; microparticles and nanoparticles precipitation; biopolymer aerogels; polymer/drug coprecipitation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This special issue is intended to give an overview of supercritical fluid (SCF) applications in materials science.

A supercritical fluid is any substance at a temperature and pressure above its critical point. It shows a gas-like diffusivity and a liquid-like density; therefore, it can substitute organic solvents in a wide range of processes. Carbon dioxide and water are the most commonly used supercritical fluids.


Several processes using supercritical fluids have been proposed and, in some cases, applied to industrial scale, like, for example:

  • Supercritical extraction and fractionation for food and pharmaceutical products
  • Micro and nanoparticles (single or composite) production in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetic and biomedical fields
  • Micro and nanoemulsions
  • Polymer applications like membranes, foams and scaffolds production or polymers synthesis, modification and recycling
  • Reactions in supercritical media
  • Inorganic or organic aerogels impregnation
    Nanostructured inorganic and metallic materials processing for catalysis, electronics and optics

We expect contributions to this special issue prevalently in these areas with the aim to set the state of the art and to promote research and industrial development in this field.

Iolanda De Marco, Ph. D.
Prof. Dr. Ernesto Reverchon
Guest Editors

Keywords

  • supercritical carbon dioxide
  • supercritical water
  • microparticles
  • nanoparticles
  • emulsions
  • supercritical reactions
  • nanostructured materials

Published Papers (2 papers)

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3702 KiB  
Article
A Green Method for Processing Polymers using Dense Gas Technology
by Roshan B. Yoganathan, Raffaella Mammucari and Neil R. Foster
Materials 2010, 3(5), 3188-3203; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma3053188 - 11 May 2010
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 11316
Abstract
Dense CO2 can be used as an environmentally-benign polymer processing medium because of its liquid-like densities and gas-like mass transfer properties.In this work, polymer bio-blends of polycarbonate (PC), a biocompatible polymer, and polycaprolactone (PCL), a biodegradable polymer were prepared. Dense CO2 [...] Read more.
Dense CO2 can be used as an environmentally-benign polymer processing medium because of its liquid-like densities and gas-like mass transfer properties.In this work, polymer bio-blends of polycarbonate (PC), a biocompatible polymer, and polycaprolactone (PCL), a biodegradable polymer were prepared. Dense CO2 was used as a reaction medium for the melt-phase PC polymerization in the presence of dense CO2-swollen PCL particles and this method was used to prepare porous PC/PCL blends. To extend the applicability of dense CO2 to the biomedical industry and polymer blend processing, the impregnation of ibuprofen into the blend was conducted and subsequent dissolution characteristics were observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supercritical Fluids)
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Review

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1637 KiB  
Review
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Supercritical Water
by Hiromichi Hayashi and Yukiya Hakuta
Materials 2010, 3(7), 3794-3817; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma3073794 - 25 Jun 2010
Cited by 377 | Viewed by 29944
Abstract
This paper summarizes specific features of supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of metal oxide particles. Supercritical water allows control of the crystal phase, morphology, and particle size since the solvent's properties, such as density of water, can be varied with temperature and pressure, both of [...] Read more.
This paper summarizes specific features of supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of metal oxide particles. Supercritical water allows control of the crystal phase, morphology, and particle size since the solvent's properties, such as density of water, can be varied with temperature and pressure, both of which can affect the supersaturation and nucleation. In this review, we describe the advantages of fine particle formation using supercritical water and describe which future tasks need to be solved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supercritical Fluids)
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