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Micromachines
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Selected Papers from the 10th Annual IEEE International Conference on...
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Selected Papers from the 10th Annual IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (IEEE NEMS 2015)

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2015) | Viewed by 40236

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Wen-Jung Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Interests: micro/nano/bio sensors; MEMS/nano-based biotechnology; electrokinetics-based cancer/stem; cell separation and identification
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ting-Hsuan Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Interests: cell mechanics; tissue engineering; bio-sensor and actuator; micro/nanotechonolgy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sponsored by the IEEE Nanotechnology Council, the 10th Annual IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems, IEEE NEMS, 7–11 April 2015, in Xi’an, China, is a key conference series focusing on research areas related to MEMS, nanotechnology, and molecular technology. Previously held in Hawaii, USA (2014), Suzhou, China (2013), Kyoto, Japan (2012), Kaohsiung, Taiwan (2011), Xiamen, China (2010), Shenzhen, China (2009), Hainan Island, China (2008), Bangkok, Thailand (2007), and Zhuhai, China (2006), the IEEE NEMS conference series, typically, has around 350 attendees from more than 20 countries and regions world-wide. The scope of the conference emphasizes the latest scientific and technological advances in subjects including, but are not limited to:

  • Nanophotonics
  • Nanomaterials
  • Nanobiology, Nanomedicine, Nano-bio-informatics
  • Micro/Nano Fluidics, BioMEMS, and Lab-on-Chips
  • Molecular Sensors, Actuators, and Systems
  • Micro/Nano Sensors, Actuators, and Systems
  • Carbon Nanotube/Graphene/Diamond based Devices
  • Micro/Nano/Molecular Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion
  • Micro/Nano/Molecular Fabrication
  • Nanoscale Metrology
  • Micro/Nano Robotics, Assembly and Automation
  • Integration and Application of MEMS/NEMS
  • Flexible MEMS, Sensors and Printed Electronics
  • Commercialization of MEMS/NEMS/Nanotechnology
  • Nanotechnology Safety and Education

This special issue aims to publish extended papers based on pretensions, posters, and abstracts from IEEE NEMS 2015. Manuscripts submitted to the journal of Micromachines should contain at least 30%–50% new materials to make it significantly updated.

Prof. Dr. Wen J. Li
Dr. Ting-Hsuan Chen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.


Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

1377 KiB  
Article
Using a Microfluidic Gradient Generator to Characterize BG-11 Medium for the Growth of Cyanobacteria Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942
by Chih-Chun Yang, Rex C. Wen, Claire R. Shen and Da-Jeng Yao
Micromachines 2015, 6(11), 1755-1767; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi6111454 - 13 Nov 2015
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 9942
Abstract
The photosynthetic cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 has recently gained great attention for its ability to directly convert CO2 into renewable chemicals upon genetic engineering. Thus, it is of great interest to increase the growth speed and lower the medium requirement for cultivating this [...] Read more.
The photosynthetic cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 has recently gained great attention for its ability to directly convert CO2 into renewable chemicals upon genetic engineering. Thus, it is of great interest to increase the growth speed and lower the medium requirement for cultivating this cyanobacterium. The cultivation medium of Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 has been developed, which consists of many inorganic and metal ingredients with a specific composition, known as the BG-11 medium. In this work, we analyzed the concentration effect of each ingredient and identified the absolutely essential components in BG-11 medium for cyanobacteria growth using the concentration gradient generator chip (CGGC) fabricated by MEMS technology. As shown by our results, removal of the individual component sodium nitrate, potassium phosphate, or magnesium sulfate from the BG-11 medium led to severe growth inhibition of Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942. Contrary to our expectation, increasing concentration of the crucial ingredients showed either insignificant or negative impact on cell growth. Overall, standard growth could be achieved without supplementation of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) disodium, sodium carbonate, or sodium citrate to the culture medium. Further improvement of the CGGC-based microfluidic system based on this preliminary study may broaden its application range to analyze more complicated correlations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 10th Annual IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (IEEE NEMS 2015))
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4224 KiB  
Article
Paper-Based Electrodeposition Chip for 3D Alginate Hydrogel Formation
by Wenfeng Wan, Gaole Dai, Lijun Zhang and Yajing Shen
Micromachines 2015, 6(10), 1546-1559; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi6101438 - 15 Oct 2015
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 7028
Abstract
Hydrogel has been regarded as one significant biomaterial in biomedical and tissue engineering due to its high biocompatibility. This paper proposes a novel method to pattern calcium alginate hydrogel in a 3D way via electrodeposition process based on a piece of paper. Firstly, [...] Read more.
Hydrogel has been regarded as one significant biomaterial in biomedical and tissue engineering due to its high biocompatibility. This paper proposes a novel method to pattern calcium alginate hydrogel in a 3D way via electrodeposition process based on a piece of paper. Firstly, one insulating paper with patterned holes is placed on one indium tin oxide (ITO) glass surface, which is put below another ITO glass. Then, 1% sodium alginate solution with 0.25% CaCO3 nano particles is filled between these two glasses. In the bottom glass, patterns of electrodes followed patterns of holes on the insulating layer. Hydrogel forms on patterned electrodes when electrochemical potential is applied due to electrodeposition. The experiments demonstrate that the pattern of alginate hydrogels follows the pattern of electrodes exactly. In addition, the hydrogel’s height is controllable by applied potential and reaction time. An equivalent circuit model and a hydrogel growth model have been built to predict the electrodeposition current and hydrogel’s growth. This method for gel formation is easy and cheap since the main material is one piece of insulated paper, which provides an easy and controllable method for 3D hydrogel patterning. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 10th Annual IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (IEEE NEMS 2015))
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Communication
Frequency Selective Surfaces with Nanoparticles Unit Cell
by Nga Hung Poon, Yan Yan, Li Zhou, Desong Wang, Chi-Hou Chan and Vellaisamy A. L. Roy
Micromachines 2015, 6(10), 1421-1426; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi6101421 - 25 Sep 2015
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 4464
Abstract
The frequency selective surface (FSS) is a periodic structure with filtering performance for optical and microwave signals. The general periodic arrays made with patterned metallic elements can act as an aperture or patch on a substrate. In this work, two kinds of materials [...] Read more.
The frequency selective surface (FSS) is a periodic structure with filtering performance for optical and microwave signals. The general periodic arrays made with patterned metallic elements can act as an aperture or patch on a substrate. In this work, two kinds of materials were used to produce unit cells with various patterns. Gold nanoparticles of 25 nm diameter were used to form periodic monolayer arrays by a confined photocatalytic oxidation-based surface modification method. As the other material, silver gel was used to create multiple layers of silver. Due to the ultra-thin nature of the self-assembled gold nanoparticle monolayer, it is very easy to penetrate the FSS with terahertz radiation. However, the isolated silver islands made from silver gel form thicker multiple layers and contribute to much higher reflectance. This work demonstrated that multiple silver layers are more suitable than gold nanoparticles for use in the fabrication of FSS structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 10th Annual IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (IEEE NEMS 2015))
7427 KiB  
Article
Manipulation of Self-Assembled Microparticle Chains by Electroosmotic Flow Assisted Electrorotation in an Optoelectronic Device
by Xiaolu Zhu
Micromachines 2015, 6(9), 1387-1405; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi6091387 - 21 Sep 2015
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4771
Abstract
A method incorporating the optically induced electrorotation (OER) and alternating current electroosmotic (ACEO) effects, for the formation and motion control of microparticle chains, is numerically and experimentally demonstrated. In this method, both the rotating electric field and ACEO fluid roll are generated around [...] Read more.
A method incorporating the optically induced electrorotation (OER) and alternating current electroosmotic (ACEO) effects, for the formation and motion control of microparticle chains, is numerically and experimentally demonstrated. In this method, both the rotating electric field and ACEO fluid roll are generated around the border between light and dark area of the fluidic chamber in an optoelectronic tweezers (OET) device. The experimental results show that the particle chains can self-rotate in their pitch axes under the rotating electric field produced due to the different impedances of the photoconductive layer in light and dark areas, and have a peak self-rotating rate at around 1 MHz. The orbital movement of entire particle chain around the center of ACEO fluid roll can be achieved from 0.5 to 600 kHz. The strength of OER motion and ACEO-caused orbital movement of particle chains can be adjusted by changing the frequency of alternating current (AC) voltage. This non-contact method has the potential for spatially regulating the posture, orientation and position of microparticle chains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 10th Annual IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (IEEE NEMS 2015))
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7207 KiB  
Article
Fabrication of SWCNT-Graphene Field-Effect Transistors
by Shuangxi Xie, Niandong Jiao, Steve Tung and Lianqing Liu
Micromachines 2015, 6(9), 1317-1330; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi6091317 - 08 Sep 2015
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 7608
Abstract
Graphene and single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) have been widely studied because of their extraordinary electrical, thermal, mechanical, and optical properties. This paper describes a novel and flexible method to fabricate all-carbon field-effect transistors (FETs). The fabrication process begins with assembling graphene grown by [...] Read more.
Graphene and single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) have been widely studied because of their extraordinary electrical, thermal, mechanical, and optical properties. This paper describes a novel and flexible method to fabricate all-carbon field-effect transistors (FETs). The fabrication process begins with assembling graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on a silicon chip with SiO2 as the dielectric layer and n-doped Si substrate as the gate. Next, an atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based mechanical cutting method is utilized to cut the graphene into interdigitated electrodes with nanogaps, which serve as the source and drain. Lastly, SWCNTs are assembled on the graphene interdigitated electrodes by dielectrophoresis to form the conductive channel. The electrical properties of the thus-fabricated SWCNT-graphene FETs are investigated and their FET behavior is confirmed. The current method effectively integrates SWCNTs and graphene in nanoelectronic devices, and presents a new method to build all-carbon electronic devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 10th Annual IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (IEEE NEMS 2015))
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352 KiB  
Article
Multiscale Modeling of Skeletal Muscle Active Contraction in Relation to Mechanochemical Coupling of Molecular Motors
by Jiangcheng Chen, Xiaodong Zhang, Shengmao Lin, He Wang and Linxia Gu
Micromachines 2015, 6(7), 902-914; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi6070902 - 10 Jul 2015
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 5914
Abstract
In this work, a mathematical model was developed to relate the mechanochemical characterizations of molecular motors with the macroscopic manifestation of muscle contraction. Non-equilibrium statistical mechanics were used to study the collective behavior of myosin molecular motors in terms of the complex conformation [...] Read more.
In this work, a mathematical model was developed to relate the mechanochemical characterizations of molecular motors with the macroscopic manifestation of muscle contraction. Non-equilibrium statistical mechanics were used to study the collective behavior of myosin molecular motors in terms of the complex conformation change and multiple chemical states in one working cycle. The stochastic evolution of molecular motor probability density distribution during the contraction of sarcomere was characterized by the Fokker-Planck Equation. Quick muscle contraction was demonstrated by the collective dynamic behavior of myosin motors, the muscle contraction force, and the muscle contraction velocity-force relation. Our results are validated against published experiments, as well as the predictions from the Hill’s model. The quantitative relation between myosin molecular motors and muscle contraction provides a novel way to unravel the mechanism of force generation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 10th Annual IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (IEEE NEMS 2015))
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