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Plant Membrane Proteins and Solutes in Response to Stress

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2019) | Viewed by 9925

Special Issue Editor

Department of Biology, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
Interests: plant molecular physiology; plant-environment interaction; grape and wine; food science
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As the majority of living organisms, plants face a continuous battle against adverse environmental conditions, including increasing soil salinity, heat waves and water scarcity, which are increasingly being observed worldwide in the context of the ongoing climate changes. Plant cells are full of inorga­nic ions and low-molecular-mass organic molecules, and expend considerable amounts of energy and resources in incorporating or synthesizing these solutes. The transport of such solutes across cell membranes is of the utmost importance to re-establish and maintain ion and cellular homeostasis in response to biotic and abiotic stress. Additionally, plant-protective molecules like secondary metabolites may be produced in plant tissues in response to extreme climate conditions or after pathogen infection. Furthermore, encouraging reports have shown that the exogenous application of protective compounds like glycine betaine, kaolin based particle film or silicon (Si) may promote stress tolerance in several crops.

This Special Issue aims to attract contributions on breakthrough discoveries concerning plant solute homeostasis systems in response to stress and stress mitigation approaches. This deepened knowledge will pave the way for the improvement of plant productivity through the optimization of agricultural practices or through biotechnological approaches, including genetic engineering, and traditional plant breeding.

Prof. Dr. Hernâni Gerós
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Compatible solutes & osmolytes
  • Natural products chemistry
  • Inducible endogenous antioxidants
  • Biotic and abiotic stress
  • Exogenous molecules & stress mitigation
  • Membrane proteins
  • Secondary metabolites

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 6305 KiB  
Article
Screening Vitis Genotypes for Responses to Botrytis cinerea and Evaluation of Antioxidant Enzymes, Reactive Oxygen Species and Jasmonic Acid in Resistant and Susceptible Hosts
by Mati Ur Rahman, Muhammad Hanif, Ran Wan, Xiaoqing Hou, Bilal Ahmad and Xiping Wang
Molecules 2019, 24(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24010005 - 20 Dec 2018
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3882
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungal phytopathogen with devastating effects on many Vitis genotypes. Here, a screening of 81 Vitis genotypes for leaf resistance to B. cinerea revealed two highly resistant (HR), twelve resistant (R), twenty-five susceptible (S) and forty-two highly susceptible [...] Read more.
Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungal phytopathogen with devastating effects on many Vitis genotypes. Here, a screening of 81 Vitis genotypes for leaf resistance to B. cinerea revealed two highly resistant (HR), twelve resistant (R), twenty-five susceptible (S) and forty-two highly susceptible (HS) genotypes. We focused on the HR genotype, ‘Zi Qiu’ (Vitis davidii), and the HS genotype ‘Riesling’ (V. vinifera), to elucidate mechanisms of host resistance and susceptibility against B. cinerea, using detached leaf assays. These involved a comparison of fungal growth, reactive oxygen species (ROS) responses, jasmonic acid (JA) levels, and changes in the anti-oxidative system between the two genotypes after inoculation with B. cinerea. Our results indicated that the high-level resistance of ‘Zi Qiu’ can be attributed to insignificant fungal development, low ROS production, timely elevation of anti-oxidative functions, and high JA levels. Moreover, severe fungal infection of ‘Riesling’ and sustained ROS production coincided with relatively unchanged anti-oxidative activity, as well as low JA levels. This study provides insights into B. cinerea infection in grape, which can be valuable for breeders by providing information for selecting suitable germplasm with enhanced disease resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Membrane Proteins and Solutes in Response to Stress)
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Review

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14 pages, 3122 KiB  
Review
Research Progress of Betalain in Response to Adverse Stresses and Evolutionary Relationship Compared with Anthocyanin
by Ge Li, Xiaoqing Meng, Mingku Zhu and Zongyun Li
Molecules 2019, 24(17), 3078; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24173078 - 24 Aug 2019
Cited by 48 | Viewed by 5759
Abstract
Betalains are applicable to many aspects of life, and their properties, characteristics, extraction and biosynthesis process have been thoroughly studied. Although betalains are functionally similar to anthocyanins and can substitute for them to provide pigments for plant color, it is rare to study [...] Read more.
Betalains are applicable to many aspects of life, and their properties, characteristics, extraction and biosynthesis process have been thoroughly studied. Although betalains are functionally similar to anthocyanins and can substitute for them to provide pigments for plant color, it is rare to study the roles of betalains in plant responses to adverse environmental conditions. Owing to their antioxidant capability to remove excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants and humans, betalains have attracted much attention due to their bioactivity. In addition, betalains can also act as osmotic substances to regulate osmotic pressure in plants and play important roles in plant responses to adverse environmental conditions. The study of the physiological evolution of betalains is almost complete but remains complicated because the evolutionary relationship between betalains and anthocyanins is still uncertain. In this review, to provide a reference for the in-depth study of betalains compared with anthocyanins, the biochemical properties, biosynthesis process and roles of betalains in response to environmental stress are reviewed, and the relationship between betalains and anthocyanins is discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Membrane Proteins and Solutes in Response to Stress)
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