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Chemistry & Health

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2019) | Viewed by 37851

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Claudio Santi

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Guest Editor
Group of Catalysis and Organic Grenn Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, PG, Italy
Interests: selenium; catalysis; green chemistry; flow chemistry; synthetic methodologies; redox; complexity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Luca Sancineto

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Guest Editor
Section of Heteroorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
Interests: organic synthesis; selenium chemistry; catalysis; medicinal chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Massimo Moretti

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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
Interests: environmental mutagenesis; genetic toxicology; human biomonitoring; comet assay; micronucleus test
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Lucielli Savegnago

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Guest Editor
Neurobiotechnology Research Group Laboratory of NeuroBiotechnology, Biotechnology Graduate Program, Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Interests: biochemistry; pharmacology; biotechnology; neuroscience

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Life is a complex equilibrium between chemical reactions and interactions between living systems and the environment. As a direct implication, health (the state of being free from illness or injury) is strongly and broadly affected by chemistry. The comprehension of the chemical mechanism of biological processes enabled the elucidation of several pathologies and offered the possibility to identify new diagnostic tools and new drugs to prevent, control and vanquish several diseases. From a nutritional point of view, food chemistry combined with nutraceutical sciences can improve the quality of diets, improving the prevention of several illness, using the aliments in place or in combination with drugs to restore healthy conditions.

Chemistry also provides energy and materials for the modern every-day life and new strategies to perform chemical reactions in ecofriendly manner are strongly desirable in order to improve safety, reduce wastes and pollution production and respect the environmental equilibria.

This Special Issue aims to collect original contributions and review articles focused on the (positive/negative) impacts of chemistry on humans, animals and environmental health. Articles focused on green and environmental chemistry, biological and medicinal chemistry, food chemistry and toxicology are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Claudio Santi
Dr. Luca Sancineto
Prof. Dr. Massimo Moretti
Prof. Dr. Lucielli Savegnago
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Green Chemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Biological Chemistry
  • Toxicology

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 2918 KiB  
Article
Diselenides and Benzisoselenazolones as Antiproliferative Agents and Glutathione-S-Transferase Inhibitors
by Dorota Krasowska, Nunzio Iraci, Claudio Santi, Józef Drabowicz, Marcin Cieslak, Julia Kaźmierczak-Barańska, Martina Palomba, Karolina Królewska-Golińska, Jakub Magiera and Luca Sancineto
Molecules 2019, 24(16), 2914; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24162914 - 11 Aug 2019
Cited by 36 | Viewed by 4103
Abstract
A series of variously functionalized selenium-containing compounds were purposely synthesized and evaluated against a panel of cancer cell lines. Most of the compounds showed an interesting cytotoxicity profile with compound 5 showing a potent activity on MCF7 cells. The ethyl amino derivative 5 [...] Read more.
A series of variously functionalized selenium-containing compounds were purposely synthesized and evaluated against a panel of cancer cell lines. Most of the compounds showed an interesting cytotoxicity profile with compound 5 showing a potent activity on MCF7 cells. The ethyl amino derivative 5 acts synergistically with cis-platin and inhibits the GST enzyme with a potency that well correlates with the cytotoxicity observed in MCF7 cells. A computational analysis suggests a possible binding mode on the GST enzyme. As the main outcome of the present study, the ethyl amino derivative 5 emerged as a valid lead compound for further, future developments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemistry & Health)
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13 pages, 905 KiB  
Article
Effect of Anti-Clouding Agent on the Fate of 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-Diol Esters and Glycidyl Esters in Palm Olein during Repeated Frying
by Azmil Haizam Ahmad Tarmizi, Raznim Arni Abd Razak, Abdul Niefaizal Abdul Hammid and Ainie Kuntom
Molecules 2019, 24(12), 2332; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24122332 - 25 Jun 2019
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3776
Abstract
Issues on 3-monochloropropane-diol-1,2-diol (MCPD) esters and glycidyl esters in refined oil have gained much attention when these heat-induced contaminants are associated with health implications. Oil that undergoes the frying process could influence the fates of 3-MCPD esters and glycidyl esters, especially with the [...] Read more.
Issues on 3-monochloropropane-diol-1,2-diol (MCPD) esters and glycidyl esters in refined oil have gained much attention when these heat-induced contaminants are associated with health implications. Oil that undergoes the frying process could influence the fates of 3-MCPD esters and glycidyl esters, especially with the addition of an anti-clouding agent. In this study, we investigated the effect of polyglycerol fatty acid esters (PGE) on the transients of 3-MCPD esters and glycidyl esters in palm olein (POo) during intermittent frying. Thermal resistance of POo fortified with PGE (0.1% to 0.4%) was assessed for 8 h of daily frying operations at 180 °C across five consecutive days. The addition of PGE decelerated the reduction of 3-MCPD esters and glycidyl esters with the progression of frying. The presence of these compounds coincided with the amount of oil taken up by the fried product. The inclusion of PGE in POo also induced higher augmentation of polar compound fractions, i.e., oxidised triacylglycerols (OxTAG) and polymerised triacylglycerols (PTAG), but gave comparable free fatty acid (FFA), p-anisidine value (AnV), total chloride and fatty acid composition (FAC) with control oil (POo). The results also showed that the presence of chloride in POo did not onset further formation of 3-MCPD esters and glycidyl esters throughout the frying period. As the behaviours of 3-MCPD esters and glycidyl esters were affected by PGE, only a sufficient amount should be added into POo to ensure oil clarity at a realistic period. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemistry & Health)
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22 pages, 4477 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Jacaranone-Derived Nitrogenous Cyclohexadienones and Their Antiproliferative and Antiprotozoal Activities
by Armin Presser, Gunda Lainer, Nadine Kretschmer, Wolfgang Schuehly, Robert Saf, Marcel Kaiser and Marc-Manuel Kalt
Molecules 2018, 23(11), 2902; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112902 - 07 Nov 2018
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4023
Abstract
The cytotoxic and antiprotozoal activities of the phytoquinoide, jacaranone, and related compounds have been an ongoing topic in recent drug discovery. Starting from the natural product-derived cyclohexadienone scaffold, a series of nitrogen-containing derivatives were synthesized and subsequently evaluated for their antiproliferative and antiprotozoal [...] Read more.
The cytotoxic and antiprotozoal activities of the phytoquinoide, jacaranone, and related compounds have been an ongoing topic in recent drug discovery. Starting from the natural product-derived cyclohexadienone scaffold, a series of nitrogen-containing derivatives were synthesized and subsequently evaluated for their antiproliferative and antiprotozoal activity. Anticancer potency was analyzed using different types of cancer cell lines: MDA-MB-231 breast cancer, CCRF-CEM leukemia, HCT-116 colon cancer, U251 glioblastoma, and, in addition, non-tumorigenic MRC-5 lung fibroblasts. Antiproliferative activities at micromolar concentrations could be shown. Antiprotozoal activity was assessed against Plasmodium falciparum NF54 and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense STIB900. For all compounds, selectivity indices (SI) were calculated based on assessed cytotoxicity towards L6 cells. In addition, the structure-activity-relationships and physicochemical parameters of these compounds are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemistry & Health)
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Review

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26 pages, 4903 KiB  
Review
Combination Therapy Strategies for the Treatment of Malaria
by Sibusiso Alven and Blessing Aderibigbe
Molecules 2019, 24(19), 3601; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193601 - 07 Oct 2019
Cited by 66 | Viewed by 8064
Abstract
Malaria is a vector- and blood-borne infection that is responsible for a large number of deaths around the world. Most of the currently used antimalarial therapeutics suffer from drug resistance. The other limitations associated with the currently used antimalarial drugs are poor drug [...] Read more.
Malaria is a vector- and blood-borne infection that is responsible for a large number of deaths around the world. Most of the currently used antimalarial therapeutics suffer from drug resistance. The other limitations associated with the currently used antimalarial drugs are poor drug bioavailability, drug toxicity, and poor water solubility. Combination therapy is one of the best approaches that is currently used to treat malaria, whereby two or more therapeutic agents are combined. Different combination therapy strategies are used to overcome the aforementioned limitations. This review article reports two strategies of combination therapy; the incorporation of two or more antimalarials into polymer-based carriers and hybrid compounds designed by hybridization of two antimalarial pharmacophores. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemistry & Health)
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23 pages, 652 KiB  
Review
Microbial Degradation of Pesticide Residues and an Emphasis on the Degradation of Cypermethrin and 3-phenoxy Benzoic Acid: A Review
by Yichen Huang, Lijuan Xiao, Feiyu Li, Mengshi Xiao, Derong Lin, Xiaomei Long and Zhijun Wu
Molecules 2018, 23(9), 2313; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092313 - 11 Sep 2018
Cited by 238 | Viewed by 17146
Abstract
Nowadays, pesticides are widely used in preventing and controlling the diseases and pests of crop, but at the same time pesticide residues have brought serious harm to human’s health and the environment. It is an important subject to study microbial degradation of pesticides [...] Read more.
Nowadays, pesticides are widely used in preventing and controlling the diseases and pests of crop, but at the same time pesticide residues have brought serious harm to human’s health and the environment. It is an important subject to study microbial degradation of pesticides in soil environment in the field of internationally environmental restoration science and technology. This paper summarized the microbial species in the environment, the study of herbicide and pesticides degrading bacteria and the mechanism and application of pesticide microbial degrading bacteria. Cypermethrin and other pyrethroid pesticides were used widely currently, while they were difficult to be degraded in the natural conditions, and an intermediate metabolite, 3-phenoxy benzoic acid would be produced in the degradation process, causing the secondary pollution of agricultural products and a series of problems. Taking it above as an example, the paper paid attention to the degradation process of microorganism under natural conditions and factors affecting the microbial degradation of pesticide. In addition, the developed trend of the research on microbial degradation of pesticide and some obvious problems that need further solution were put forward. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemistry & Health)
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