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Ionic Liquids for Chemical and Biochemical Applications

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2018) | Viewed by 23428

Special Issue Editor

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Minhsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
Interests: newfangled ionic liquid; combinatorial organic synthesis; affinity ionic liquid; biomolecular recognition; functionalized ionic liquid; chemoselective gas analysis; bioorganic and bioanalytical chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ionic liquids are well known to be valuable nonvolatile alternatives to conventional organic solvents and have received impressive attention over the past seventeen years (75,059 publications since 2000, based on the Web of Science search dated on 21 January 2018) in all aspects of chemical and biochemical applications.

In 2018, the journal Molecules will be publishing a Special Issue of a collection of papers featuring selected contributions from the “Ionic liquids for Chemical and Biochemical Applications”. As the Guest Editor of this Special Issue, I am writing to you to invite you to contribute a research paper, rapid communication or review article on your current research activities in the area of ionic liquids for targeted molecule analysis.

This Special Issue will be a collection of papers focusing on ionic liquids as smart media for reactions, as well as synthesis, and ionic liquid devices for affinity extraction and analysis. We anticipate this issue will be attractive to the scientific community of synthesis, materials, and separation. This special issue invites contributions covering the aspects broadly indicated by the keywords. Reviews articles by experts are also welcomed.

Prof. Dr. Yen-Ho Chu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ionic liquid
  • affinity ionic liquid
  • ionic solvent
  • chemical stability
  • organic reaction
  • microwave synthesis
  • isolation and analysis of natural product
  • smart electrolyte device
  • gas sensing
  • affinity extraction
  • chromatographic separation
  • target molecule analysis
  • thermoresponsiveness
  • zwitterionic liquid
  • functional ionic liquid
  • bioactivity
  • enzymatic catalysis
  • DNA, protein, peptide, and carbohydrate
  • (bio)molecular recognition
  • desalination and water treatment
  • polymer dissolution
  • oil extraction

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2505 KiB  
Article
Novel 3-Methyl-2-alkylthio Benzothiazolyl-Based Ionic Liquids: Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibiotic Activity
by Teng He Zhang, Hao Xi He, Jun Liang Du, Zhi Jian He and Shun Yao
Molecules 2018, 23(8), 2011; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23082011 - 12 Aug 2018
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3444
Abstract
Three series of novel 3-methyl-2-alkylthio benzothiazolyl ionic liquids (ILs) were synthesized for the first time. After structural identification, their melting point, solubility, and thermostability together with antibiotic activity were determined successively. As a result, 3-methyl-2-alkylthio benzothiazolyl p-toluene sulfonate was found to have [...] Read more.
Three series of novel 3-methyl-2-alkylthio benzothiazolyl ionic liquids (ILs) were synthesized for the first time. After structural identification, their melting point, solubility, and thermostability together with antibiotic activity were determined successively. As a result, 3-methyl-2-alkylthio benzothiazolyl p-toluene sulfonate was found to have the highest antibacterial activity among the three series of ILs. Meanwhile, it has a good solubility in water as well. On the basis of comprehensive comparison with similar compounds, the effect of cations and anions of these benzothiazolium ILs on typical physical properties together with antibiotic performance was explored and discussed, which is very beneficial to take the greatest advantage of their structural designability for various purposes. Furthermore, the experiment data preliminarily discovered the relationships of the structure-properties/activities of the above three kinds ILs to a certain extent, which can provide useful references for future research and for the potential application of these new ILs as surfactant antiseptics or agricultural chemicals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ionic Liquids for Chemical and Biochemical Applications)
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15 pages, 1941 KiB  
Article
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Some Potential Bioactive Imidazolium-Based Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids
by Ahmed H. Albalawi, Wael S. El-Sayed, Ateyatallah Aljuhani, Saud M. Almutairi, Nadjet Rezki, Mohamed R. Aouad and Mouslim Messali
Molecules 2018, 23(7), 1727; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071727 - 15 Jul 2018
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3741
Abstract
An environmentally-friendly and easy synthesis of a series of novel functionalized imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) is described under both the conventional procedure and microwave irradiation. The structures of newly synthesized room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) were established by different spectral analyses. All ILs ( [...] Read more.
An environmentally-friendly and easy synthesis of a series of novel functionalized imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) is described under both the conventional procedure and microwave irradiation. The structures of newly synthesized room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) were established by different spectral analyses. All ILs (114) were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against a panel of clinically isolated bacteria. The results of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) showed that some of the tested ILs are very promising anti-bacterial agents especially those containing an alkyl chain with a phenyl group (most notably 1, 2, 12, and 13). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ionic Liquids for Chemical and Biochemical Applications)
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18 pages, 2814 KiB  
Article
Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Sucrose Monolaurate and Its Antibacterial Property and Mode of Action against Four Pathogenic Bacteria
by Shi-Yin Shao, Yu-Gang Shi, Yu Wu, Li-Qing Bian, Yun-Jie Zhu, Xin-Ying Huang, Ying Pan, Lu-Yao Zeng and Run-Run Zhang
Molecules 2018, 23(5), 1118; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23051118 - 08 May 2018
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 4322
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial activities and mode of action of sucrose monolaurate (SML) with a desirable purity, synthesized by Lipozyme TL IM-mediated transesterification in the novel ionic liquid, against four pathogenic bacteria including L. monocytogenes, B. subtilis, [...] Read more.
The aim of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial activities and mode of action of sucrose monolaurate (SML) with a desirable purity, synthesized by Lipozyme TL IM-mediated transesterification in the novel ionic liquid, against four pathogenic bacteria including L. monocytogenes, B. subtilis, S. aureus, and E. coli. The antibacterial activity was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and the time–kill assay. SML showed varying antibacterial activity against tested bacteria with MICs and MBCs of 2.5 and 20 mM for L. monocytogenes, 2.5 and 20 mM for B. subtilis, 10 and 40 mM for S. aureus, respectively. No dramatic inhibition was observed for E. coli at 80 mM SML. Mechanism of bacterial inactivation caused by SML was revealed through comprehensive factors including cell morphology, cellular lysis, membrane permeability, K+ leakage, zeta potential, intracellular enzyme, and DNA assay. Results demonstrated that bacterial inactivation against Gram-positive bacteria was primarily induced by the pronounced damage to the cell membrane integrity. SML may interact with cytoplasmic membrane to disturb the regulation system of peptidoglycan hydrolase activities to degrade the peptidoglycan layer and form a hole in the layer. Then, the inside cytoplasmic membrane was blown out due to turgor pressure and the cytoplasmic materials inside leaked out. Leakage of intracellular enzyme to the supernatants implied that the cell membrane permeability was compromised. Consequently, the release of K+ from the cytosol lead to the alterations of the zeta potential of cells, which would disturb the subcellular localization of some proteins, and thereby causing bacterial inactivation. Moreover, remarkable interaction with DNA was also observed. SML at sub-MIC inhibited biofilm formation by these bacteria. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ionic Liquids for Chemical and Biochemical Applications)
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Review

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20 pages, 4514 KiB  
Review
Affinity Ionic Liquids for Chemoselective Gas Sensing
by Albert Chang, Hsin-Yi Li, I-Nan Chang and Yen-Ho Chu
Molecules 2018, 23(9), 2380; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092380 - 18 Sep 2018
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 5570
Abstract
Selective gas sensing is of great importance for applications in health, safety, military, industry and environment. Many man-made and naturally occurring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can harmfully affect human health or cause impairment to the environment. Gas analysis based on different principles has [...] Read more.
Selective gas sensing is of great importance for applications in health, safety, military, industry and environment. Many man-made and naturally occurring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can harmfully affect human health or cause impairment to the environment. Gas analysis based on different principles has been developed to convert gaseous analytes into readable output signals. However, gas sensors such as metal-oxide semiconductors suffer from high operating temperatures that are impractical and therefore have limited its applications. The cost-effective quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) device represents an excellent platform if sensitive, selective and versatile sensing materials were available. Recent advances in affinity ionic liquids (AILs) have led them to incorporation with QCM to be highly sensitive for real-time detection of target gases at ambient temperature. The tailorable functional groups in AIL structures allow for chemoselective reaction with target analytes for single digit parts-per-billion detection on mass-sensitive QCM. This structural diversity makes AILs promising for the creation of a library of chemical sensor arrays that could be designed to efficiently detect gas mixtures simultaneously as a potential electronic in future. This review first provides brief introduction to some conventional gas sensing technologies and then delivers the latest results on our development of chemoselective AIL-on-QCM methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ionic Liquids for Chemical and Biochemical Applications)
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23 pages, 281 KiB  
Review
Ionic Liquid Solutions as a Green Tool for the Extraction and Isolation of Natural Products
by Jiao Xiao, Gang Chen and Ning Li
Molecules 2018, 23(7), 1765; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071765 - 18 Jul 2018
Cited by 64 | Viewed by 5811
Abstract
In the past few years, the application of ionic liquids (ILs) had attracted more attention of the researchers. Many studies focused on extracting active components from traditional herbals using ILs as alternative solvents so as to address the issue caused by the traditional [...] Read more.
In the past few years, the application of ionic liquids (ILs) had attracted more attention of the researchers. Many studies focused on extracting active components from traditional herbals using ILs as alternative solvents so as to address the issue caused by the traditional methods for extraction of natural products (NPs) with organic chemical reagents. Through the summary of reported research work, an overview was presented for the application of ILs or IL-based materials in the extraction of NPs, including flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids and so on. Here, we mainly describe the application of ILs to rich the extraction of critical bioactive constituents that were reported possessing multiple therapeutic effects or pharmacological activities, from medicinal plants. This review could shed some light on the wide use of ILs in the field of natural products chemistry to further reduce the environmental damage caused by large quantity of organic chemical reagents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ionic Liquids for Chemical and Biochemical Applications)
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