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Nanomaterials for Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy

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A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2018) | Viewed by 44256

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Lina Bezdetnaya-Bolotine

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Institut Cancérologie Lorraine, Vandœuvre-Les-Nancy, France
Interests: photodynamic therapy; photodiagnosis; drug delivery; nanoparticles

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are launching a Special Issue of Nanomaterials entitled “Nanomaterials for Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy”. Application of the photoactive nanoparticles for cancer treatment is one of the promising directions in the development of personalized medicine. During the light-triggered therapy of cancer, heat (Photothermal Therapy, PTT) and reactive oxygen species (Photodynamic Therapy, PDT) generated by photosensitizer are the two main effectors. This special issue aims to cover different strategies with high safety against cancer improving the effect of phototherapy. For this Special Issue, we are particularly interested in the design of nanomaterials, effects of particles size and surface properties on their biodistribution and therapeutic efficiency for cancer PTT/PDT. Reports on monitoring of nanocarriers and drug release/accumulation profile in preclinical models are highly welcomed. This special issue invites both original articles and reviews.

Dr. Lina Bezdetnaya-Bolotine
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Photodynamic therapy
Photothermal therapy
Photosensitizer
Nanocarrier
Drug delivery
Nanotherapeutics

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

12 pages, 19437 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Methylene-Blue-Encapsulated Liposomes as Photodynamic Therapy Nano Agents for Breast Cancer Cells

by Po-Ting Wu, Chih-Ling Lin, Che-Wei Lin, Ning-Chu Chang, Wei-Bor Tsai and Jiashing Yu

Nanomaterials 2019, 9(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9010014 - 23 Dec 2018

Cited by 56 | Viewed by 8998

Abstract

Methylene blue (MB) is a widely used dye and photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent that can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) after light exposure, triggering apoptosis. However, it is hard for the dye to penetrate through the cell membrane, leading to poor cellular uptake; thus, drug carriers, which could enhance the cellular uptake, are a suitable solution. In addition, the defective vessels resulting from fast vessel outgrowth leads to an enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, which gives nanoscale drug carriers a promising potential. In this study, we applied poly(12-(methacryloyloxy)dodecyl phosphorylcholine), a zwitterionic polymer-lipid, to self-assemble into liposomes and encapsulate MB (MB-liposome). Its properties of high stability and fast intracellular uptake were confirmed, and the higher in vitro ROS generation ability of MB-liposomes than that of free MB was also verified. For in vivo tests, we examined the toxicity in mice via tail vein injection. With the features found, MB-liposome has the potential of being an effective PDT nano agent for cancer therapy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy)

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12 pages, 3961 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impact of Quantum Dot Surface on Complex Formation with Chlorin e₆ and Photodynamic Therapy

by Artiom Skripka, Dominyka Dapkute, Jurga Valanciunaite, Vitalijus Karabanovas and Ricardas Rotomskis

Nanomaterials 2019, 9(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9010009 - 22 Dec 2018

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3221

Abstract

Nanomaterials have permeated various fields of scientific research, including that of biomedicine, as alternatives for disease diagnosis and therapy. Among different structures, quantum dots (QDs) have distinctive physico-chemical properties sought after in cancer research and eradication. Within the context of cancer therapy, QDs serve the role of transporters and energy donors to photodynamic therapy (PDT) drugs, extending the applicability and efficiency of classic PDT. In contrast to conventional PDT agents, QDs’ surface can be designed to promote cellular targeting and internalization, while their spectral properties enable better light harvesting and deep-tissue use. Here, we investigate the possibility of complex formation between different amphiphilic coating bearing QDs and photosensitizer chlorin e₆ (Ce₆). We show that complex formation dynamics are dependent on the type of coating—phospholipids or amphiphilic polymers—as well as on the surface charge of QDs. Förster’s resonant energy transfer occurred in every complex studied, confirming the possibility of indirect Ce₆ excitation. Nonetheless, in vitro PDT activity was restricted only to negative charge bearing QD-Ce₆ complexes, correlating with better accumulation in cancer cells. Overall, these findings help to better design such and similar complexes, as gained insights can be straightforwardly translated to other types of nanostructures—expanding the palette of possible therapeutic agents for cancer therapy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy)

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15 pages, 2963 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Temoporfin-in-Cyclodextrin-in-Liposome—A New Approach for Anticancer Drug Delivery: The Optimization of Composition

by Ilya Yakavets, Henri-Pierre Lassalle, Dietrich Scheglmann, Arno Wiehe, Vladimir Zorin and Lina Bezdetnaya

Nanomaterials 2018, 8(10), 847; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8100847 - 18 Oct 2018

Cited by 32 | Viewed by 4918

Abstract

The main goal of this study was to use hybrid delivery system for effective transportation of temoporfin (meta-tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin, mTHPC) to target tissue. We suggested to couple two independent delivery systems (liposomes and inclusion complexes) to achieve drug-in-cyclodextrin-in-liposome (DCL) nanoconstructs. We further optimized the composition of DCLs, aiming to alter in a more favorable way a distribution of temoporfin in tumor tissue. We have prepared DCLs with different compositions varying the concentration of mTHPC and the type of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivatives (Hydroxypropyl-, Methyl- and Trimethyl-β-CD). DCLs were prepared by thin-hydration technique and mTHPC/β-CD complexes were added at hydration step. The size was about 135 nm with the surface charge of (−38 mV). We have demonstrated that DCLs are stable and almost all mTHPC is bound to β-CDs in the inner aqueous liposome core. Among all tested DCLs, trimethyl-β-CD-based DCL demonstrated a homogenous accumulation of mTHPC across tumor spheroid volume, thus supposing optimal mTHPC distribution. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy)

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Graphical abstract

15 pages, 6288 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Evaluating Nanoshells and a Potent Biladiene Photosensitizer for Dual Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells

by Rachel S. Riley, Rachel K. O’Sullivan, Andrea M. Potocny, Joel Rosenthal and Emily S. Day

Nanomaterials 2018, 8(9), 658; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8090658 - 25 Aug 2018

Cited by 35 | Viewed by 8149

Abstract

Light-activated therapies are ideal for treating cancer because they are non-invasive and highly specific to the area of light application. Photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are two types of light-activated therapies that show great promise for treating solid tumors. In PTT, nanoparticles embedded within tumors emit heat in response to laser light that induces cancer cell death. In PDT, photosensitizers introduced to the diseased tissue transfer the absorbed light energy to nearby ground state molecular oxygen to produce singlet oxygen, which is a potent reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is toxic to cancer cells. Although PTT and PDT have been extensively evaluated as independent therapeutic strategies, they each face limitations that hinder their overall success. To overcome these limitations, we evaluated a dual PTT/PDT strategy for treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells mediated by a powerful combination of silica core/gold shell nanoshells (NSs) and palladium 10,10-dimethyl-5,15-bis(pentafluorophenyl)biladiene-based (Pd[DMBil1]-PEG₇₅₀) photosensitizers (PSs), which enable PTT and PDT, respectively. We found that dual therapy works synergistically to induce more cell death than either therapy alone. Further, we determined that low doses of light can be applied in this approach to primarily induce apoptotic cell death, which is vastly preferred over necrotic cell death. Together, our results show that dual PTT/PDT using silica core/gold shell NSs and Pd[DMBil1]-PEG₇₅₀ PSs is a comprehensive therapeutic strategy to non-invasively induce apoptotic cancer cell death. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy)

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Review

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23 pages, 1724 KiB

Open AccessReview

Clinical Trials of Thermosensitive Nanomaterials: An Overview

by Stefania Nardecchia, Paola Sánchez-Moreno, Juan de Vicente, Juan A. Marchal and Houria Boulaiz

Nanomaterials 2019, 9(2), 191; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9020191 - 02 Feb 2019

Cited by 72 | Viewed by 4950

Abstract

Currently, we are facing increasing demand to develop efficient systems for the detection and treatment of diseases that can realistically improve distinct aspects of healthcare in our society. Sensitive nanomaterials that respond to environmental stimuli can play an important role in this task. In this manuscript, we review the clinical trials carried out to date on thermosensitive nanomaterials, including all those clinical trials in hybrid nanomaterials that respond to other stimuli (e.g., magnetic, infrared radiation, and ultrasound). Specifically, we discuss their use in diagnosis and treatment of different diseases. At present, none of the existing trials focused on diagnosis take advantage of the thermosensitive characteristics of these nanoparticles. Indeed, almost all clinical trials consulted explore the use of Ferumoxytol as a current imaging test enhancer. However, the thermal property is being further exploited in the field of disease treatment, especially for the delivery of antitumor drugs. In this regard, ThermoDox®, based on lysolipid thermally sensitive liposome technology to encapsulate doxorubicin (DOX), is the flagship drug. In this review, we have evidenced the discrepancy existing between the number of published papers in thermosensitive nanomaterials and their clinical use, which could be due to the relative novelty of this area of research; more time is needed to validate it through clinical trials. We have no doubt that in the coming years there will be an explosion of clinical trials related to thermosensitive nanomaterials that will surely help to improve current treatments and, above all, will impact on patients’ quality of life and life expectancy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy)

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32 pages, 6164 KiB

Open AccessReview

Thermo-Sensitive Nanomaterials: Recent Advance in Synthesis and Biomedical Applications

by Paola Sánchez-Moreno, Juan De Vicente, Stefania Nardecchia, Juan A. Marchal and Houria Boulaiz

Nanomaterials 2018, 8(11), 935; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8110935 - 13 Nov 2018

Cited by 85 | Viewed by 8583

Abstract

Progress in nanotechnology has enabled us to open many new fronts in biomedical research by exploiting the peculiar properties of materials at the nanoscale. The thermal sensitivity of certain materials is a highly valuable property because it can be exploited in many promising applications, such as thermo-sensitive drug or gene delivery systems, thermotherapy, thermal biosensors, imaging, and diagnosis. This review focuses on recent advances in thermo-sensitive nanomaterials of interest in biomedical applications. We provide an overview of the different kinds of thermoresponsive nanomaterials, discussing their potential and the physical mechanisms behind their thermal response. We thoroughly review their applications in biomedicine and finally discuss the current challenges and future perspectives of thermal therapies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy)

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14 pages, 1417 KiB

Open AccessReview

Nano-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer: Enhancement of Cancer Specificity and Therapeutic Effects

by Ivan Mfouo Tynga and Heidi Abrahamse

Nanomaterials 2018, 8(11), 923; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8110923 - 08 Nov 2018

Cited by 40 | Viewed by 4648

Abstract

Deregulation of cell growth and development lead to cancer, a severe condition that claims millions of lives worldwide. Targeted or selective approaches used during cancer treatment determine the efficacy and outcome of the therapy. In order to enhance specificity and targeting and obtain better treatment options for cancer, novel modalities are currently under development. Photodynamic therapy has the potential to eradicate cancer, and combination therapy would yield even greater outcomes. Nanomedicine-aided cancer therapy shows enhanced specificity for cancer cells and minimal side-effects coupled with effective cancer destruction both in vitro and in vivo. Nanocarriers used in drug-delivery systems are very capable of penetrating the cancer stem cell niche, simultaneously killing cancer cells and eradicating drug-resistant cancer stem cells, yielding therapeutic efficiency of up to 100-fold against drug-resistant cancer in comparison with free drugs. Safety precautions should be considered when using nano-mediated therapy as the effects of extended exposure to biological environments are still to be determined. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy)

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