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Fiber Optic Sensors for Biomedical Applications

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2019) | Viewed by 14567

Special Issue Editors

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20156 Milan, Italy
Interests: fiber optic sensors for biomedical applications; laser-tissue interaction; optical-based methods for estimation of physiological parameters
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
1. School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, 010000 Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
2. National Laboratory Astana, Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioinstruments, 010000 Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Interests: optical fiber sensors; optical biosensors; distributed sensors; bioengineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sensors based on fiber optic technology have gained increasing attention and, in many cases, broad clinical acceptance for several biomedical applications. Fiber optic sensors (FOSs) may be designed to fulfill some valuable characteristics, such as small size, the possibility to achieve distributed measurements, immunity from electromagnetic interferences, and good metrological properties. These characteristics and recent exciting developments make FOSs an emerging solution for several biomedical applications.

This Special Issue aims to collect articles by industrial and academic players, which are leading authorities in the field. Particular attention will be focused on the current state-of-the-art of FOSs in biomedical applications, as well as on significant recent advances in the design, fabrication, and characterization of novel FOSs.

Prof. Stefania Campopiano
Dr. Paola Saccomandi
Dr. Emiliano Schena
Dr. Daniele Tosi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Design, fabrication, and characterization of FOSs for biomedical applications
  • FOSs for monitoring effects of therapies  
  • FOSs for performing patients-specific therapy
  • Application of FOSs during Magnetic Resonance scans
  • Smart textiles based on FOSs
  • Health state monitoring by FOSs
  • Application of FOSs in robotics
  • Application of FOSs in surgery
  • Biosensors based on fiber optics

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 3962 KiB  
Article
POF Smart Carpet: A Multiplexed Polymer Optical Fiber-Embedded Smart Carpet for Gait Analysis
by Leticia M. Avellar, Arnaldo G. Leal-Junior, Camilo A. R. Diaz, Carlos Marques and Anselmo Frizera
Sensors 2019, 19(15), 3356; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19153356 - 31 Jul 2019
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 4937
Abstract
This paper presents the development of a smart carpet based on polymer optical fiber (POF) for ground reaction force (GRF) and spatio-temporal gait parameter assessment. The proposed carpet has 20 intensity variation-based sensors on one fiber with two photodetectors for acquisition, each one [...] Read more.
This paper presents the development of a smart carpet based on polymer optical fiber (POF) for ground reaction force (GRF) and spatio-temporal gait parameter assessment. The proposed carpet has 20 intensity variation-based sensors on one fiber with two photodetectors for acquisition, each one for the response of 10 closer sensors. The used multiplexing technique is based on side-coupling between the light sources and POF lateral sections in which one light-emitting diode (LED) is activated at a time, sequentially. Three tests were performed, two for sensor characterization and one for validation of the smart carpet, where the first test consisted of the application of calibrated weights on the top of each sensor for force characterization. In the second test, the foot was positioned on predefined points distributed on the carpet, where a mean relative error of 2.9% was obtained. Results of the walking tests on the proposed POF-embedded smart carpet showed the possibility of estimating the GRF and spatio-temporal gait parameters (step and stride lengths, cadence, and stance duration). The obtained results make possible the identification of gait events (stance and swing phases) as well as the stance duration and double support periods. The proposed carpet is a low-cost and reliable tool for gait analysis in different applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fiber Optic Sensors for Biomedical Applications)
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20 pages, 4869 KiB  
Article
A Fiber Bragg Grating Sensing Structure for the Design, Simulation and Stress Strain Monitoring of Human Puncture Surgery
by Pengwen Xiong, Xin Huang, Yulong Li and Peter X. Liu
Sensors 2019, 19(14), 3066; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143066 - 11 Jul 2019
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3176
Abstract
In order to improve the precision and stability of puncture surgical operations to assist doctors in completing fine manipulation, a new of type puncturing needle sensor is proposed based on a fiber Bragg grating (FBG). Compared with the traditional puncture needle sensor, the [...] Read more.
In order to improve the precision and stability of puncture surgical operations to assist doctors in completing fine manipulation, a new of type puncturing needle sensor is proposed based on a fiber Bragg grating (FBG). Compared with the traditional puncture needle sensor, the new type of puncturing needle sensor is able to sense not only the axial force, but also the torque force during the puncture process. A spoke-type structure is designed near the needle tip. In order to eliminate the influence of temperature and realize temperature compensation, a reference fiber method using three FBGs is applied. FBG1 and the reference FBG2 are pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of the new-type elastic beam, and FBG3 is pasted into the groove on the surface of the new type of puncturing needle cylinder. The difference of Bragg wavelength between FBG1 and the reference FBG2 is calibrated with the torque force, while the difference between the Bragg wavelength of the FBG3 and the reference FBG2 is calibrated with the axial force. Through simulation and sensing tests, when the torque force calibration range is 10 mN·m, the torque average sensitivity is 22.8 pm/mN·m, and the determination coefficient R2 is 0.99992, with a hysteresis error YH and repetition error YR of 0.03%FS and 0.81%FS, respectively. When the axial force calibration rang is 5 N, the axial force average sensitivity is 0.089 nm/N, and the determination coefficient R2 is 0.9997, with hysteresis error YH and repetition error YR of 0.014%FS and 0.11%FS, respectively. The axial force resolution and torque resolution of the new type of puncturing needle sensor are 0.03 N and 0.8 mN·m, respectively. The experimental data and simulation analysis show that the proposed new type of puncturing needle sensor has good practicability and versatility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fiber Optic Sensors for Biomedical Applications)
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30 pages, 37131 KiB  
Article
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Compatible Non-Invasive Fibre-Optic Sensors Based on the Bragg Gratings and Interferometers in the Application of Monitoring Heart and Respiration Rate of the Human Body: A Comparative Study
by Jan Nedoma, Stanislav Kepak, Marcel Fajkus, Jakub Cubik, Petr Siska, Radek Martinek and Petr Krupa
Sensors 2018, 18(11), 3713; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18113713 - 31 Oct 2018
Cited by 36 | Viewed by 5509
Abstract
The publication presents a comparative study of two fibre-optic sensors in the application of heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) monitoring of the human body. After consultation with clinical practitioners, two types of non-invasive measuring and analysis systems based on fibre Bragg [...] Read more.
The publication presents a comparative study of two fibre-optic sensors in the application of heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) monitoring of the human body. After consultation with clinical practitioners, two types of non-invasive measuring and analysis systems based on fibre Bragg grating (FBG) and fibre-optic interferometer (FOI) have been designed and assembled. These systems use probes (both patent pending) that have been encapsulated in the bio-compatible polydimethylsiloxane (PMDS). The main advantage of PDMS is that it is electrically non-conductive and, as well as optical fibres, has low permeability. The initial verification measurement of the system designed was performed on four subjects in a harsh magnetic resonance (MR) environment under the supervision of a senior radiology assistant. A follow-up comparative study was conducted, upon a consent of twenty volunteers, in a laboratory environment with a minimum motion load and discussed with a head doctor of the Radiodiagnostic Institute. The goal of the laboratory study was to perform measurements that would simulate as closely as possible the environment of harsh MR or the environment of long-term health care facilities, hospitals and clinics. Conventional HR and RR measurement systems based on ECG measurements and changes in the thoracic circumference were used as references. The data acquired was compared by the objective Bland–Altman (B–A) method and discussed with practitioners. The results obtained confirmed the functionality of the designed probes, both in the case of RR and HR measurements (for both types of B–A, more than 95% of the values lie within the ±1.96 SD range), while demonstrating higher accuracy of the interferometric probe (in case of the RR determination, 95.66% for the FOI probe and 95.53% for the FBG probe, in case of the HR determination, 96.22% for the FOI probe and 95.23% for the FBG probe). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fiber Optic Sensors for Biomedical Applications)
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