Modern Trends of Lorentz Symmetry and Lorentz Violation

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2018) | Viewed by 12151

Special Issue Editor

Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Interests: theory of relativity; mathematical physics; quantum mechanics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Physical laws are Lorentz-covariant among inertial frames; namely, the form of a physical law is invariant under the Lorentz group of spacetime transformations. The Lorentz symmetry sets a fundamental constraint for physical theories and has been well incorporated in the Standard Model of particle physics. It is thus very crucial to investigate its fundamentals and its potential breaking, which would help identify the underlying physics beyond the Standard Model.

Modern precision experiments designed to test the Lorentz symmetry and the Lorentz violation have achieved spectacularly high sensitivities that demand the deepest knowledge at the Planck-scale and challenge current theories of quantum gravity. Because Lorentz symmetry is almost perfect, the theoretical framework that contains Lorentz-violating effects must necessarily modify some of the basic concepts in fundamental physics. Therefore, current research trends of the Lorentz symmetry lead to two different but related perspectives. One the one hand, a considerable amount of efforts has been spent on axiomatizing physical kinematics. These works drive us to face the problems of making fundamental physics more mathematically rigorous and logically reasonable. For example, relaxing the space isotropy can yield the Very Special Relativity, a subgroup of the Lorentz group sufficient to provide all the standard predictions in special relativity. One the other, without significantly altering the existing fundamental assumptions, effective field theories have been developed to predict observable Lorentz-violating effects. For example, the Standard Model Extension (SME) includes all possible Lorentz-violating effects but preserve the field-theoretical gauge symmetries. The SME can also contain gravitational effects and thus becomes a useful workhorse for studying phenomenological quantum gravity.

In this Special Issue of Symmetry, we solicit both fundamental and extensional research works following the modern trends in Lorentz symmetry and Lorentz violation. We expect the completed issue can provide an overview of current theoretical and experimental efforts in understanding one of the most treasured Lorentz-symmetry physics.

Prof. Dr. Sheng-Der Chao
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Tests of relativity
  • Lorentz Symmetry
  • Lorentz Violation
  • Quantum gravity
  • Physical kinematics
  • CPT symmetry
  • Very special relativity
  • Standard Model Extension

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2049 KiB  
Article
Fermion Scattering in a CPT-Even Lorentz Violation Quantum Electrodynamics
by Frederico E. P. dos Santos and Manoel M. Ferreira
Symmetry 2018, 10(8), 302; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym10080302 - 31 Jul 2018
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2671
Abstract
In this work, we reassess two known processes of Quantum Electrodynamics involving electrons and muons. The photon propagator is modified by a CPT-even Lorentz-violating (LV) tensor, while fermion lines and the vertex interaction are not altered. Using the Feynman rules, the associated cross [...] Read more.
In this work, we reassess two known processes of Quantum Electrodynamics involving electrons and muons. The photon propagator is modified by a CPT-even Lorentz-violating (LV) tensor, while fermion lines and the vertex interaction are not altered. Using the Feynman rules, the associated cross sections for unpolarized scatterings are evaluated, revealing the usual energy dependence and Lorentz-violating contributions that induce space anisotropy. A possible route to constraining the LV coefficients is presented and the results properly commented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Trends of Lorentz Symmetry and Lorentz Violation)
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11 pages, 277 KiB  
Article
Observers and Their Notion of Spacetime beyond Special Relativity
by José Manuel Carmona, José Luis Cortés and José Javier Relancio
Symmetry 2018, 10(7), 231; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym10070231 - 21 Jun 2018
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2390
Abstract
It is plausible that quantum gravity effects may lead us to a description of Nature beyond the framework of special relativity. In this case, either the relativity principle is broken or it is maintained. These two scenarios (a violation or a deformation of [...] Read more.
It is plausible that quantum gravity effects may lead us to a description of Nature beyond the framework of special relativity. In this case, either the relativity principle is broken or it is maintained. These two scenarios (a violation or a deformation of special relativity) are very different, both conceptually and phenomenologically. We discuss some of their implications on the description of events for different observers and the notion of spacetime. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Trends of Lorentz Symmetry and Lorentz Violation)
16 pages, 7600 KiB  
Article
Lorentz Transformation, Poincaré Vectors and Poincaré Sphere in Various Branches of Physics
by Tiberiu Tudor
Symmetry 2018, 10(3), 52; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym10030052 - 26 Feb 2018
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 6704
Abstract
In the frame of a generic language extended from the polarization theory—comprising the notions of Poincaré vectors, Poincaré sphere, and P-spheres—a geometric approach to Lorentz transformations alternative to the Minkowskian one is given. Unlike the four-dimensional Minkowskian approach, this new approach operates in [...] Read more.
In the frame of a generic language extended from the polarization theory—comprising the notions of Poincaré vectors, Poincaré sphere, and P-spheres—a geometric approach to Lorentz transformations alternative to the Minkowskian one is given. Unlike the four-dimensional Minkowskian approach, this new approach operates in the three-dimensional space of Poincaré vectors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Trends of Lorentz Symmetry and Lorentz Violation)
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