Dear Colleagues,

Climate change will differentially modify the levels and frequency of the appearance of natural toxins in the world around us depending on a variety of factors, including longitude, latitude, altitude and geography. This Special Issue will focus on studies that investigate changes in the occurrence of fungal, algal and plant derived toxins that directly or indirectly affect human health. Topics covered will include: (i) shrinkage, expansion or relocation of the boundaries of specific toxins; (ii) Changes in frequency or levels of contamination; and (iii) model systems investigating changes of temperature (land, air, water systems), acute whether events, carbon dioxide, and water system level rises on toxin production. Such methods could include measures of contamination, models of prediction, or biomonitoring. Climate models of changes in distribution of toxins are particularly welcome, as are publications that raise issues over changes in physiology/ecology of the producing organisms, for example changes in sexual reproduction in fungal species and the potential consequence. Submissions on mitigation efforts to restrict key exposures that address concerns of climate change in their approaches will be accepted.

All areas of natural toxins from fungal, algal, and plants are of interest. Traditional high risk toxins (e.g. Fungal: aflatoxins, fumonisins, deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin, zearalenone, citrinin, cyclopiazonic acid, ergot and patulin; Algal: ciguatoxin, saxitoxins, okadaic acids, dinophysistoxins, brevetoxins, domoic acid, azaparacids, scrombotoxins, tetrodotoxins; Plant: alkaloids, phytohemagglutinin, grayanotoxins, cyanogenic glycosides) will be considered for this Special Issue; we are also interested in novel or emerging toxins in all classes.

Dr. Paul C. Turner
Prof. Naresh Magan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a double-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxins is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.