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Polymers
Special Issues
Advanced Applications of Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites
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Advanced Applications of Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 11677

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Diogo M.F. Santos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials (CeFEMA), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
Interests: low-temperature fuel cells; alkaline water electrolysis; electrochemical wastewater treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Noha A. Elessawy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Computer Based Engineering Applications Department, Informatics Research Institute (IRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications City (SRTA-City), 21934 Alexandria, Egypt
Interests: waste management; nano materials; material science; clean energy technology
Dr. Marwa H. Gouda

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Polymer Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications City (SRTA-City), 21934 Alexandria, Egypt
Interests: fuel cell; super capacitor; water treatment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Research on conductive polymers has gained traction in recent years because of their economic importance, good environmental stability, electrical conductivity, and valuable mechanical, optical, and electronic properties. As a result, conductive polymers find many applications, ranging from optoelectronics to material science. Conductive polymers can be seen as Nobel Prize-winning materials, as their discoverers were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2000. This Special Issue includes a collection of original papers, short communications, as well as reviews, undertaking the search for

- Fabrication of composites based on conductive polymers

- Low-cost materials based on waste fillers for industrial application

- Novel polymeric conductive membranes for different applications

- Developments in technologies using conductive polymers

Dr. Diogo Miguel Franco dos Santos
Dr. Noha A. Elessawy
Dr. Marwa H. Gouda
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • environmental-friendly polymer nanocomposites
  • conductive polymeric composites
  • process synthesis optimization
  • electrochemical energy conversion and storage (supercapacitors, batteries, fuel cells)
  • photovoltage cell
  • sensors
  • electronic device
  • microwave absorption and electro-magnetic frequency interference (emi) shielding
  • catalysis
  • electrorheological fluids
  • biomedical applications
  • water desalination
  • wastewater treatment
  • membranes technology for different applications
  • coating, anti-corrosion, surface protection

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 4471 KiB  
Article
Elastic Electrically Conductive Composites Based on Vapor-Grown Carbon Fibers for Use in Sensors
by Ahmed Nasr, Ondřej Mrhálek and Petr Svoboda
Polymers 2023, 15(9), 2005; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15092005 - 24 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1465
Abstract
Elastic electrically conductive composites with an ethylene octene copolymer matrix (EOC) and vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCF) were prepared by ultrasonication in a toluene solution, and their morphology, mechanical and electrical properties were also evaluated. EOC/CF composites were estimated for their mechanical and viscoelastic [...] Read more.
Elastic electrically conductive composites with an ethylene octene copolymer matrix (EOC) and vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCF) were prepared by ultrasonication in a toluene solution, and their morphology, mechanical and electrical properties were also evaluated. EOC/CF composites were estimated for their mechanical and viscoelastic properties. The morphology of the composites was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and stress–strain curves were generated to measure the stress and tensile modulus of the composites. The experimental results were compared with various theoretical models, including the Burgers model, which separates viscoelastic behavior into several components. A dynamic mechanical analysis was also used to measure the composites’ storage modulus, loss modulus, and damping factor at different frequencies. The composites’ complex viscosity and storage modulus were increased with higher wt.% of CF, which enhances the elastic response. Electrical resistivity measurements were conducted on the composites and it was found that the resistivity decreased as the sample was loaded and increased as it was unloaded. Overall, the study provides insights into the mechanical and viscoelastic properties of EOC/CF composites, which could be helpful in developing sensors such as pressure/strain sensors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites)
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13 pages, 8136 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Shielding Effectiveness against Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) for Metal-Coated Polymeric Materials
by Seyed Jamaleddin Mostafavi Yazdi, Andrej Lisitski, Seongchan Pack, Huseyin R. Hiziroglu and Javad Baqersad
Polymers 2023, 15(8), 1911; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15081911 - 16 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2395
Abstract
Lightweight materials, such as polymers and composites, are increasingly used in the automotive and aerospace industries. Recently, there has been an increase in the use of these materials, especially in electric vehicles. However, these materials cannot shield sensitive electronics from electromagnetic interference (EMI). [...] Read more.
Lightweight materials, such as polymers and composites, are increasingly used in the automotive and aerospace industries. Recently, there has been an increase in the use of these materials, especially in electric vehicles. However, these materials cannot shield sensitive electronics from electromagnetic interference (EMI). The current work investigates the EMI performance of these lightweight materials using an experimental setup based on the ASTM D4935-99 standard and EMI simulation using the ANSYS HFSS. This work studies how metal coating from zinc and aluminum bronze can improve the shielding performance of polymer-based materials, such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and polyphthalamide (PPA). Based on the findings of this study, a thin coating (50 μm) of Zn on the surface of PPS and a thin coating of 5 μm and 10 μm of Al-Bronze, respectively, on the surface of PEEK and PPA have indicated an increase in the shielding effectiveness (SE) when subjected to EMI. The shielding effectiveness significantly increased from 7 dB for the uncoated polymer to approximately 40 dB at low frequencies and up to approximately 60 dB at high frequencies for coated polymers. Finally, various approaches are recommended for improving the SE of polymeric materials under the influence of EMI. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites)
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13 pages, 6833 KiB  
Article
A Fluorinated Polyimide Based Nano Silver Paste with High Thermal Resistance and Outstanding Thixotropic Performance
by Zhenhe Wang, Dong Wang, Chunbo Zhang, Wei Chen, Qingjie Meng, Hang Yuan and Shiyong Yang
Polymers 2023, 15(5), 1150; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15051150 - 24 Feb 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1468
Abstract
Because of high conductivity, acceptable cost and good screen-printing process performance, silver pastes have been extensively used for making flexible electronics. However, there are few reported articles focusing on high heat resistance solidified silver pastes and their rheological properties. In this paper, a [...] Read more.
Because of high conductivity, acceptable cost and good screen-printing process performance, silver pastes have been extensively used for making flexible electronics. However, there are few reported articles focusing on high heat resistance solidified silver pastes and their rheological properties. In this paper, a fluorinated polyamic acids (FPAA) is synthesized by polymerization of the 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride and 3,4′-diaminodiphenylether as monomers in the diethylene glycol monobutyl. The nano silver pastes are prepared by mixing the obtained FPAA resin with nano silver powder. The agglomerated particles caused by nano silver powder are divided and the dispersion of nano silver pastes are improved by three-roll grinding process with low roll gaps. The obtained nano silver pastes possess excellent thermal resistance with 5% weight loss temperature higher than 500 °C. The volume resistivity of cured nano silver paste achieves 4.52 × 10−7 Ω·m, when the silver content is 83% and the curing temperature is 300 °C. Additionally, the nano silver pastes have high thixotropic performance, which contributes to fabricate the fine pattern with high resolution. Finally, the conductive pattern with high resolution is prepared by printing silver nano pastes onto PI (Kapton-H) film. The excellent comprehensive properties, including good electrical conductivity, outstanding heat resistance and high thixotropy, make it a potential application in flexible electronics manufacturing, especially in high-temperature fields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites)
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17 pages, 5107 KiB  
Article
Heat Analysis of Thermal Conductive Polymer Composites: Reference Temperature History in Pure Polymer Matrices
by Fethi Guesmi, Makram Elfarhani, Ali Mkaddem, Sami Ghazali, Abdullah S. Bin Mahfouz and Abdessalem Jarraya
Polymers 2022, 14(10), 2084; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14102084 - 20 May 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1745
Abstract
This attempt aims at assessing heat generation in thermal conductive polymer (TCP) composites widely used in aerospace sectors. Temperature histories were investigated in both nonreinforced and glass-fiber-reinforced TCPs during abrasive milling. Glass/epoxy and glass/polyester composites with 30% unidirectional glass fiber content were prepared [...] Read more.
This attempt aims at assessing heat generation in thermal conductive polymer (TCP) composites widely used in aerospace sectors. Temperature histories were investigated in both nonreinforced and glass-fiber-reinforced TCPs during abrasive milling. Glass/epoxy and glass/polyester composites with 30% unidirectional glass fiber content were prepared according to appropriate curing cycles. Type K thermocouples connected to a data acquisition system ensured the recording of temperature history along the trim plan during milling. Unexpectedly, when milling TCP composites parallel to fibers, peak temperature was found to be slightly lower than that recorded in nonreinforced polymers. The lateral surface of fibers acts to favor sliding friction, which limits heat generation at interfaces, while relatively low specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of glass fiber disadvantage heat transfer. However, when milling perpendicular to fibers, the contact area between the tool and the transverse failure area of fibers increases drastically, hence involving severe friction at interfaces. This yields peak temperatures sensitively higher than those obtained in nonreinforced polymers. SEM inspections highlighted the failure modes dominating the material removal process in both nonreinforced and glass-fiber-reinforced polymers. The microcracks and debris observed at the trim plan explain, in part, the heat generation detected on temperature rate plots. Thus, heat conduction between phases governs sensitive surface finish integrity and tool lifetime and, hence, has great economic impact on the manufacturing steps. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites)
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11 pages, 2506 KiB  
Article
Facile Fabrication of N-Type Flexible CoSb3-xTex Skutterudite/PEDOT:PSS Hybrid Thermoelectric Films
by Asahi Kato, Cédric Bourgès, Hong Pang, Daniel Gutiérrez, Takeaki Sakurai and Takao Mori
Polymers 2022, 14(10), 1986; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14101986 - 13 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1642
Abstract
Alongiside the growing demand for wearable and implantable electronics, the development of flexible thermoelectric (FTE) materials holds great promise and has recently become a highly necessitated and efficient method for converting heat to electricity. Conductive polymers were widely used in previous research; however, [...] Read more.
Alongiside the growing demand for wearable and implantable electronics, the development of flexible thermoelectric (FTE) materials holds great promise and has recently become a highly necessitated and efficient method for converting heat to electricity. Conductive polymers were widely used in previous research; however, n-type polymers suffer from instability compared to the p-type polymers, which results in a deficiency in the n-type TE leg for FTE devices. The development of the n-type FTE is still at a relatively early stage with limited applicable materials, insufficient conversion efficiency, and issues such as an undesirably high cost or toxic element consumption. In this work, as a prototype, a flexible n-type rare-earth free skutterudite (CoSb3)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) binary thermoelectric film was fabricated based on ball-milled skutterudite via a facile top-down method, which is promising to be widely applicable to the hybridization of conventional bulk TE materials. The polymers bridge the separated thermoelectric particles and provide a conducting pathway for carriers, leading to an enhancement in electrical conductivity and a competitive Seebeck coefficient. The current work proposes a rational design towards FTE devices and provides a perspective for the exploration of conventional thermoelectric materials for wearable electronics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites)
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13 pages, 3890 KiB  
Article
Polyvinyl Alcohol/Polyaniline/Carboxylated Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites for Coating Protection of Cast Iron in Simulated Seawater
by Noha A. Elessawy, Marwa H. Gouda, Mohamed Elnouby, Nahla A. Taha, M. Elsayed Youssef and Diogo M. F. Santos
Polymers 2022, 14(9), 1791; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14091791 - 27 Apr 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1867
Abstract
In our daily lives and product manufacturing, metal corrosion causes significant economic losses. Numerous polymeric composite coatings have been shown to be resistant to harsh environments, such as those found in marine environments. In this study, a composite of polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline blend loaded [...] Read more.
In our daily lives and product manufacturing, metal corrosion causes significant economic losses. Numerous polymeric composite coatings have been shown to be resistant to harsh environments, such as those found in marine environments. In this study, a composite of polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline blend loaded with carboxylated graphene was explored in the search for long-lasting coatings to resist electrochemical deterioration of cast iron in desalination systems of saltwater. Polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline/carboxylated graphene oxide nanocomposite was spin-coated onto cast iron samples. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrochemical DC corrosion testing with a three-electrode system were used to study corrosion resistance in uncoated and coated cast iron samples. The results exhibit effective corrosion protection properties. The EIS data indicated better capacitance and higher impedance values for coated samples than bare metal, depicting enhanced corrosion resistance against the saline environment. Tafel analysis confirmed a significant decrease in the corrosion rate of the PVA/PANI/GO-COOH coated sample. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites)
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