Journal Description
Inorganics
Inorganics
is an international, scientific, peer-reviewed, open access journal on inorganic chemistry published monthly online by MDPI.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), CAPlus / SciFinder, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q2 (Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear) / CiteScore - Q2 (Inorganic Chemistry)
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 12.8 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.9 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2023).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
- Testimonials: See what our authors say about Inorganics.
Impact Factor:
2.9 (2022);
5-Year Impact Factor:
2.5 (2022)
Latest Articles
Lanthanide-Containing Polyoxometalate Crystallized with Bolaamphiphile Surfactants as Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Phosphors
Inorganics 2024, 12(6), 146; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12060146 - 23 May 2024
Abstract
Lanthanide elements such as europium exhibit distinctive emissions due to the transitions of inner-shell 4f electrons. Inorganic materials containing lanthanide elements have been widely used as phosphors in conventional displays. The hybridization of lanthanide ions with organic components enables to control of the
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Lanthanide elements such as europium exhibit distinctive emissions due to the transitions of inner-shell 4f electrons. Inorganic materials containing lanthanide elements have been widely used as phosphors in conventional displays. The hybridization of lanthanide ions with organic components enables to control of the material’s shapes and properties and broadens the possibility of lanthanide compounds as inorganic–organic materials. Lanthanide ion-containing polyoxometalate anions (Ln-POM) are a promising category as an inorganic component to design and synthesize inorganic–organic hybrids. Several inorganic–organic Ln-POM systems have been reported by hybridizing with cationic surfactants as luminescent materials. However, single-crystalline ordering has not been achieved in most cases. Here, we report syntheses and structures of inorganic–organic hybrid crystals of lanthanide-based POM and bolaamphiphile surfactants with two hydrophilic heads in one molecule. An emissive decatungstoeuropate ([EuW10O36]9−, EuW10) anion was employed as a lanthanide source. The bolaamphiphile counterparts are 1,8-octamethylenediammonium ([H3N(CH2)8NH3]2+, C8N2) and 1,10-decamethylenediammonium ([H3N(CH2)10NH3]2+, C10N2). Both hybrid crystals of C8N2-EuW10 and C10N2-EuW10 were successfully obtained as single crystals, and their crystal structures were unambiguously determined using X-ray diffraction measurements. The photoluminescence properties of C8N2-EuW10 and C10N2-EuW10 were investigated by means of steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy. The characteristic emission derived from the EuW10 anion was retained after the hybridization process.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Application of Luminescent Materials)
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Recent Progress Using Graphene Oxide and Its Composites for Supercapacitor Applications: A Review
by
Ganesan Sriram, Muthuraj Arunpandian, Karmegam Dhanabalan, Vishwanath Rudregowda Sarojamma, Selvaraj David, Mahaveer D. Kurkuri and Tae Hwan Oh
Inorganics 2024, 12(6), 145; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12060145 - 22 May 2024
Abstract
Supercapacitors are prospective energy storage devices for electronic devices due to their high power density, rapid charging and discharging, and extended cycle life. Materials with limited conductivity could have low charge-transfer ions, low rate capability, and low cycle stability, resulting in poor electrochemical
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Supercapacitors are prospective energy storage devices for electronic devices due to their high power density, rapid charging and discharging, and extended cycle life. Materials with limited conductivity could have low charge-transfer ions, low rate capability, and low cycle stability, resulting in poor electrochemical performance. Enhancement of the device’s functionality can be achieved by controlling and designing the electrode materials. Graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as a promising material for the fabrication of supercapacitor devices on account of its remarkable physiochemical characteristics. The mechanical strength, surface area, and conductivity of GO are all quite excellent. These characteristics make it a promising material for use as electrodes, as they allow for the rapid storage and release of charges. To enhance the overall electrochemical performance, including conductivity, specific capacitance (Cs), cyclic stability, and capacitance retention, researchers concentrated their efforts on composite materials containing GO. Therefore, this review discusses the structural, morphological, and surface area characteristics of GO in composites with metal oxides, metal sulfides, metal chalcogenides, layered double hydroxides, metal–organic frameworks, and MXene for supercapacitor application. Furthermore, the organic and bacterial functionalization of GO is discussed. The electrochemical properties of GO and its composite structures are discussed according to the performance of three- and two-electrode systems. Finally, this review compares the performance of several composite types of GO to identify which is ideal. The development of these composite devices holds potential for use in energy storage applications. Because GO-modified materials embrace both electric double-layer capacitive and pseudocapacitive mechanisms, they often perform better than pristine by offering increased surface area, conductivity, and high rate capability. Additionally, the density functional theory (DFT) of GO-based electrode materials with geometrical structures and their characteristics for supercapacitors are addressed.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Simulation-Aided Materials Design for Electrocatalysis)
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Polymer-Based Immobilized FePMo12O40@PVP Composite Materials for Photocatalytic RhB Degradation
by
Zijing Wang, Yuze Tang, Limei Ai, Minghui Liu and Yurong Wang
Inorganics 2024, 12(6), 144; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12060144 - 22 May 2024
Abstract
FePMo12O40@PVP composite materials were synthesized with the regulation of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to control the structure. The samples were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, XPS, SEM, TEM and UV-Vis DRS. The composite retains the Keggin-type polyoxometalates structure, exhibiting a high specific
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FePMo12O40@PVP composite materials were synthesized with the regulation of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to control the structure. The samples were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, XPS, SEM, TEM and UV-Vis DRS. The composite retains the Keggin-type polyoxometalates structure, exhibiting a high specific surface area that enhances photon capture efficiency. Analysis of UV-Vis DRS absorption band edge and band gap indicated that the composite was responsive to visible light. Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) by FePMo12O40@PVP was investigated under commonly used LED light source, demonstrating excellent photocatalytic performance as 2.5 g-FePMo12O40@PVP (0.015 g) can remove 83% of RhB (10 mg/L) in 40 min. The FePMo12O40@PVP composite material demonstrated sustained moderate degradation efficiency even after undergoing three cycles of repeated use. The non-covalent interaction and strong interfacial coupling between PVP and FePMo12O40 promoted the transfer of h+, and e−, ∙O2−, ·OH, and h+ served as the primary active species in this photocatalytic system. This environmentally friendly material has the potential to significantly reduce energy consumption and offers valuable insights for the future treatment of dye wastewater.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photoelectrochemical and Photocatalytic Properties of Nano-Semiconductor Materials)
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Open AccessArticle
Facile Synthesis of CuFe2O4 Nanoparticles for Efficient Removal of Acid Blue 113 and Malachite Green Dyes from Aqueous Media
by
Asma S. Al-Wasidi, Reem K. Shah, Ehab A. Abdelrahman and El-Sayed M. Mabrouk
Inorganics 2024, 12(6), 143; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12060143 - 22 May 2024
Abstract
This work studies the synthesis, characterization, and application of CuFe2O4 nanoparticles for the removal of acid blue 113 and malachite green dyes from aqueous media. Utilizing the combustion procedure, CuFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using two different fuels:
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This work studies the synthesis, characterization, and application of CuFe2O4 nanoparticles for the removal of acid blue 113 and malachite green dyes from aqueous media. Utilizing the combustion procedure, CuFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using two different fuels: L-alanine (CFA) and L-valine (CFV). Besides, the synthesized CuFe2O4 nanoparticles were characterized through some tools, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). XRD analysis verified the creation of a CuFe2O4 cubic spinel structure without any contaminants, revealing average crystallite sizes of 26.37 and 17.65 nm for the CFA and CFV samples, respectively. The FTIR spectra exhibited peaks indicative of metal-oxygen bond stretching, verifying the presence of a spinel formation. Elemental analysis via EDX confirmed the stoichiometric composition typical of copper ferrite. In addition, FE-SEM displayed that the CFA and CFV samples are composed of particles with spherical and irregular shapes, measuring average diameters of 188.35 and 132.78 nm, respectively. The maximum adsorption capabilities of the CFA and CFV samples towards acid blue 113 dyes are 281.69 and 297.62 mg/g, respectively. Also, the maximum adsorption capabilities of the CFA and CFV products towards malachite green dye are 280.11 and 294.99 mg/g, respectively. Kinetic and equilibrium studies revealed that the adsorption process of acid blue 113 and malachite green dyes onto the CFA and CFV samples followed the pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process was physical, spontaneous, and exothermic.
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(This article belongs to the Section Inorganic Materials)
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Enhancing Supercapacitor Performance with Zero-Dimensional Tin–Niobium Oxide Heterostructure Composite Spheres: Electrochemical Insights
by
Vediyappan Thirumal, Bathula Babu, Palanisamy Rajkumar, Jin-Ho Kim and Kisoo Yoo
Inorganics 2024, 12(6), 142; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12060142 - 21 May 2024
Abstract
The development of advanced tin and niobium bimetallic composite electrode materials is crucial for enhancing the performance of supercapacitors. In this paper, we present a novel bimetallic composite material consisting of zero-dimensional spherical-like SnNb2O6 nanocomposites synthesized through the reaction of
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The development of advanced tin and niobium bimetallic composite electrode materials is crucial for enhancing the performance of supercapacitors. In this paper, we present a novel bimetallic composite material consisting of zero-dimensional spherical-like SnNb2O6 nanocomposites synthesized through the reaction of tin oxide (SnO2) and niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) precursors, alongside comparative materials. The morphology of the spherical agglomerates comprising Sn/Nb oxide particles that were nucleated on the SnNb2O6 surface was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The as-prepared heterostructures of the SnNb2O6 composites were analyzed for elemental composition, including Sn3d, Nb3d, and O1s; moreover, chemical oxidative state analysis was performed through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Additionally, cyclic voltammetry curves exhibited pseudocapacitive redox behavior for the SnNb2O6 composites, while the galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) performance demonstrated a maximum specific capacitance of 294.8 F/g at 1 A/g. Moreover, SnNb2O6 composite electrodes demonstrated rapid charge–discharge kinetics and excellent cycling stability, with a capacitance retention of 95.7% over 10,000 cycles. This study elucidated the synthesis of tin–niobium oxide-based composites, demonstrating their potential for high-performance supercapacitors.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mixed Metal Oxides II)
Open AccessArticle
Functional Characteristics of Antioxidant Long-Life Ultra-Fine Bubble Hydrogen Water
by
Chikashi Kamimura, Riichiro Ohba, Masaru Yamaguchi, Masato Hosoda and Ikuo Kashiwakura
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 141; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050141 - 20 May 2024
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Free radicals, including reactive oxygen species resulting from oxidative stress, are one of the major causes of biological disorders and are known to be closely related to the onset of lifestyle-related diseases such as aging, atherosclerosis, and diabetes, and their complications. Hydroxyl radicals,
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Free radicals, including reactive oxygen species resulting from oxidative stress, are one of the major causes of biological disorders and are known to be closely related to the onset of lifestyle-related diseases such as aging, atherosclerosis, and diabetes, and their complications. Hydroxyl radicals, the most reactive and cytotoxic of reactive oxygen species, are selectively reduced by hydrogen. We have developed a method to produce more stable hydrogen water by dispersing hydrogen in water using ultra-fine bubbles (UFBs) with a bubble diameter of less than 1 μm. The present study reported on the functional characteristics of antioxidant long-life UFB hydrogen water. UFB hydrogen water with excellent storage stability is expected to have a variety of potential medical applications, including radiation damage reduction.
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Open AccessArticle
Silver(I) and Copper(I) Complexes of Dicarboxylic Acid Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Studies
by
Katharina Hankel née Reinhold, Fabian Burzlaff, Björn B. Beele and Fabian Mohr
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 140; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050140 - 14 May 2024
Abstract
A family of silver(I) and copper(I) complexes containing carboxylate ligands were prepared from the corresponding carboxylic acids and Ag2O. The compounds were characterized by various spectroscopic methods and X-ray diffraction. In the solid state, the silver(I) salts are coordination polymers based
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A family of silver(I) and copper(I) complexes containing carboxylate ligands were prepared from the corresponding carboxylic acids and Ag2O. The compounds were characterized by various spectroscopic methods and X-ray diffraction. In the solid state, the silver(I) salts are coordination polymers based on dinuclear silver species with bridging carboxylate ligands. The reaction of these silver salts with Ph3P gives four-coordinate, tetrahedral bis(phosphine) complexes. Analogous copper(I) bis(phosphine) compounds were prepared by the reduction of copper(II) carboxylates with Ph3P. Decomposition temperatures and thermal decomposition products were studied by TGA/DSC measurements. The metal compounds decomposed cleanly to their respective metals (silver or copper) at temperatures ranging from 206 to 338 °C.
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(This article belongs to the Section Coordination Chemistry)
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Supramolecular Assemblies in Mn(II) and Zn(II) Metal–Organic Compounds Involving Phenanthroline and Benzoate: Experimental and Theoretical Studies
by
Mridul Boro, Subham Banik, Rosa M. Gomila, Antonio Frontera, Miquel Barcelo-Oliver and Manjit K. Bhattacharyya
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 139; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050139 - 13 May 2024
Abstract
Two new Mn(II) and Zn(II) metal–organic compounds of 1,10-phenanthroline and methyl benzoates viz. [Mn(phen)2Cl2]2-ClBzH (1) and [Zn(4-MeBz)2(2-AmPy)2] (2) (where 4-MeBz = 4-methylbenzoate, 2-AmPy = 2-aminopyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, 2-ClBzH =
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Two new Mn(II) and Zn(II) metal–organic compounds of 1,10-phenanthroline and methyl benzoates viz. [Mn(phen)2Cl2]2-ClBzH (1) and [Zn(4-MeBz)2(2-AmPy)2] (2) (where 4-MeBz = 4-methylbenzoate, 2-AmPy = 2-aminopyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, 2-ClBzH = 2-chlorobenzoic acid) were synthesized and characterized using elemental analysis, TGA, spectroscopic (FTIR, electronic) and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The crystal structure analysis of the compounds revealed the presence of various non-covalent interactions, which provides stability to the crystal structures. The crystal structure analysis of compound 1 revealed the formation of a supramolecular dimer of 2-ClBzH enclathrate within the hexameric host cavity formed by the neighboring monomeric units. Compound 2 is a mononuclear compound of Zn(II) where flexible binding topologies of 4-CH3Bz are observed with the metal center. Moreover, various non-covalent interactions, such as lp(O)-π, lp(Cl)-π, C–H∙∙∙Cl, π-stacking interactions as well as N–H∙∙∙O, C–H∙∙∙O and C–H∙∙∙π hydrogen bonding interactions, are found to be involved in plateauing the molecular self-association of the compounds. The remarkable enclathration of the H-bonded 2-ClBzH dimer into a supramolecular cavity formed by two [Mn(phen)2Cl2] complexes were further studied theoretically using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the non-covalent interaction (NCI) plot index and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) computational tools. Synergistic effects were also analyzed using molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surface analysis.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Organometallic Chemistry 2024)
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Coordination Compounds of Nickel(II) with 3,5–Dibromo–Salicylaldehyde: Structure and Interaction with Biomolecules
by
Georgios I. Psarras, Ariadni Zianna, Antonios G. Hatzidimitriou and George Psomas
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 138; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050138 - 10 May 2024
Abstract
Three neutral nickel(II) complexes of 3,5–dibromo–salicylaldehyde (3,5–diBr–saloH) were synthesized in the presence or absence of 1,10–phenanthroline (phen) or its derivative 2,9–dimethyl–1,10–phenanthroline (neoc) as co–ligands, namely [Ni(3,5–diBr–salo)2(neoc)] (complex 1), [Ni(3,5–diBr–salo)2(phen)] (complex 2) and [Ni(3,5–diBr–salo)2(H2O)
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Three neutral nickel(II) complexes of 3,5–dibromo–salicylaldehyde (3,5–diBr–saloH) were synthesized in the presence or absence of 1,10–phenanthroline (phen) or its derivative 2,9–dimethyl–1,10–phenanthroline (neoc) as co–ligands, namely [Ni(3,5–diBr–salo)2(neoc)] (complex 1), [Ni(3,5–diBr–salo)2(phen)] (complex 2) and [Ni(3,5–diBr–salo)2(H2O)2] (complex 3), and were characterized by various techniques. The crystal structure of [Ni(3,5–diBr–salo)2(neoc)] was determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. According to employed studying techniques, the complexes interact tightly with calf-thymus DNA by an intercalative fashion. Furthermore, compounds 1–3 bind tightly and reversibly to human and bovine serum albumin.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Based Compounds: Relevance for the Biomedical Field)
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Reduction of Ferric Chloride in Yeast Growth Media, by Sugars and Aluminum
by
Kęstutis Mažeika, Vytautas Melvydas and Dovilė Čepukoit
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 137; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050137 - 10 May 2024
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Iron compounds can be used in antimicrobial applications by exploiting the toxicity of divalent iron to living organisms due to the Fenton reaction. In this study, the growth inhibitory effects of ferrous sulfate FeSO4·7H2O and ferric chloride FeCl3
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Iron compounds can be used in antimicrobial applications by exploiting the toxicity of divalent iron to living organisms due to the Fenton reaction. In this study, the growth inhibitory effects of ferrous sulfate FeSO4·7H2O and ferric chloride FeCl3·6H2O were observed on Metschnikowia clade and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells. The relatively high amount of reduced Fe3+ to Fe2+ in the growth medium determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy may contribute to the antimicrobial activity of ferric chloride. In order to test the reducing ability of sugars in the growth media of yeasts, the reaction of ferric chloride FeCl3·6H2O with sugars was investigated. In mixtures of FeCl3·6H2O and fructose, approximately two thirds of Fe3+ can be reduced to Fe2+. When the mixture of FeCl3·6H2O and fructose is placed on the surface of aluminum foil, an iron film is formed on the surface of the aluminum due to the reduction by both fructose and aluminum. The relative amount of Fe3+ which was reduced to Fe0 reached 68%.
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Highly Biocompatible Hemoglobin-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles for an Enhanced Catalytic Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol
by
Yanshuai Cui, Shukai Li, Ning Yu, Xiaodong Yu, Xianbing Ji and Longgang Wang
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 136; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050136 - 5 May 2024
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4-nitrophenol (4-NP) is a frequently encountered toxic phenolic organic pollutant in water. It is important to develop a simple method to treat 4-NP. Small and monodispersed gold nanoparticles often have good catalytic performance of 4-NP. Hemoglobin (Hb) is a kind of common and
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4-nitrophenol (4-NP) is a frequently encountered toxic phenolic organic pollutant in water. It is important to develop a simple method to treat 4-NP. Small and monodispersed gold nanoparticles often have good catalytic performance of 4-NP. Hemoglobin (Hb) is a kind of common and important protein in organisms. Herein, highly biocompatible bovine hemoglobin-stabilized gold nanoparticles (Aun-Hb NPs) were synthesized using hemoglobin as a biological template. Then, the size, zeta potential, and composition of Aun-Hb NPs were investigated by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The Aun-Hb NPs with small gold nanoparticles of about 1.4–2.4 nm had good catalytic capabilities in reducing 4-NP to form 4-aminophenol. Au20-Hb NPs demonstrated superior catalytic efficiency in the reduction of 4-NP when compared to other nanoparticles. Moreover, as-synthesized Au20-Hb NPs exhibited excellent biocompatibility through the MTT experiment. The method of preparation of gold nanoparticles offers one way to prepare metal nanoparticles for good potential catalytic applications of gold nanoparticles.
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Open AccessArticle
Elucidating the Structural Features of Bis(arylimino)acenaphthene (Aryl-BIAN) Bismuth Complexes: A Combined Single-Crystal X-ray Diffraction and Hirshfeld Analysis Approach
by
Beatriz P. Machado, Maria Celador-Garcia, Vitor Rosa and Clara S. B. Gomes
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 135; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050135 - 4 May 2024
Abstract
Dimeric bismuth(III) complexes bearing bis(aryl-imino)acenaphthene (Aryl-BIAN) donor ligands of the general formulae [(Dipp-BIAN)BiCl3]2 2, [(o-iPr-BIAN)BiCl3]2 3, and [(p-iPr-BIAN)BiCl3]2 4, where
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Dimeric bismuth(III) complexes bearing bis(aryl-imino)acenaphthene (Aryl-BIAN) donor ligands of the general formulae [(Dipp-BIAN)BiCl3]2 2, [(o-iPr-BIAN)BiCl3]2 3, and [(p-iPr-BIAN)BiCl3]2 4, where Dipp = diisopropyl, o-iPr = ortho-isopropyl and p-iPr = para-isopropyl, were prepared by reaction of the corresponding neutral BIAN ligand with BiCl3, under inert atmosphere conditions. X-ray studies were performed, and their molecular structures were determined. The individual contributions of intermolecular interactions to crystal packing have been quantified by means of Hirsfeld surface analysis.
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(This article belongs to the Section Coordination Chemistry)
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Enhanced Surface Properties of TiO2-Based Coatings via Stevia-Assisted Spark Suppression: Insights from Density Functional Theory Calculations
by
Mosab Kaseem, Ananda Repycha Safira and Arash Fattah-alhosseini
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 134; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050134 - 3 May 2024
Abstract
This study investigates the enhancement of surface properties in TiO2-based coatings on the Ti-6Al-4V alloy through micro-arc oxidation (MAO), employing stevia sugar as a novel additive. By incorporating stevia sugar into acetate–glycerophosphate–tetraethoxysilane solutions used in MAO treatment, the porous morphology of
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This study investigates the enhancement of surface properties in TiO2-based coatings on the Ti-6Al-4V alloy through micro-arc oxidation (MAO), employing stevia sugar as a novel additive. By incorporating stevia sugar into acetate–glycerophosphate–tetraethoxysilane solutions used in MAO treatment, the porous morphology of TiO2-based oxide layers is regulated. The incorporation of stevia moderates plasma discharge intensity, facilitating the formation of a uniform silicon-rich structure characterized by reduced porosity and pore size. This effect is attributed to the interaction between stevia and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), which modifies the TEOS hydrolysis process, thereby enhancing structural uniformity and stability while concurrently reducing plasma discharge intensity. Additionally, theoretical calculations offer a valuable understanding of the reactivity and interactions of stevia, TEOS, and their complex during the MAO process, laying the groundwork for further research and optimization in this promising field.
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(This article belongs to the Section Inorganic Materials)
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Mechanism of Anti-Trypanosoma cruzi Action of Gold(I) Compounds: A Theoretical and Experimental Approach
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Javiera Órdenes-Rojas, Paola Risco, José Ortega-Campos, Germán Barriga-González, Ana Liempi, Ulrike Kemmerling, Dinorah Gambino, Lucía Otero, Claudio Olea Azar and Esteban Rodríguez-Arce
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 133; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050133 - 3 May 2024
Abstract
In the search for a more effective chemotherapy for the treatment of Chagas’ disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi parasite, the use of gold compounds may be a promising approach. In this work, four gold(I) compounds [AuCl(HL)], (HL = bioactive 5-nitrofuryl containing thiosemicarbazones) were
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In the search for a more effective chemotherapy for the treatment of Chagas’ disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi parasite, the use of gold compounds may be a promising approach. In this work, four gold(I) compounds [AuCl(HL)], (HL = bioactive 5-nitrofuryl containing thiosemicarbazones) were studied. The compounds were theoretically characterized, showing identical chemical structures with the metal ion located in a linear coordination environment and the thiosemicarbazones acting as monodentate ligands. Cyclic voltammetry and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) studies demonstrated that the complexes could generate the nitro anion radical (NO2−) by reduction of the nitro moiety. The compounds were evaluated in vitro on the trypomastigote form of T. cruzi and human cells of endothelial morphology. The gold compounds studied showed activity in the micromolar range against T. cruzi. The most active compounds (IC50 of around 10 μM) showed an enhancement of the antiparasitic activity compared with their respective bioactive ligands and moderate selectivity. To get insight into the anti-chagasic mechanism of action, the intracellular free radical production capacity of the gold compounds was assessed by ESR and fluorescence measurements. DMPO (5,5-dimethyl-1-pirroline-N-oxide) spin adducts related to the bioreduction of the complexes and redox cycling processes were characterized. The potential oxidative stress mechanism against T. cruzi was confirmed.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noble Metals in Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry)
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Fluorosolvatochromism of Platinum Supramolecular Coordination Complexes: Stepwise Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Organometallic Tetranuclear Pt(II) Squares
by
Antonia Garypidou, Konstantinos Ypsilantis and Achilleas Garoufis
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 132; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050132 - 2 May 2024
Abstract
The stepwise synthesis and characterization of three new mixed-ligand organometallic tetranuclear platinum squares were achieved. All of the complexes were constituted by the conjunction of two (2,2′-bpy)Pt-terph-Pt(2,2′-bpy) (terph = p-terphenyl) fragments linked by a variety of N^N ligands (4,4′-bipyridine (4,4′-bpy), 1,4-di(pyridin-4-yl)benzene (dpbz),
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The stepwise synthesis and characterization of three new mixed-ligand organometallic tetranuclear platinum squares were achieved. All of the complexes were constituted by the conjunction of two (2,2′-bpy)Pt-terph-Pt(2,2′-bpy) (terph = p-terphenyl) fragments linked by a variety of N^N ligands (4,4′-bipyridine (4,4′-bpy), 1,4-di(pyridin-4-yl)benzene (dpbz), and 4,4′-di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,1′-biphenyl (dpbph)), which occupied the fourth coordination site of each metal center, giving rise to square-shaped molecules of the general formula [Pt2(2,2′-bpy)2(terph)(N^N)]2. Consequently, the tetranuclear complexes, {[Pt(2,2′-bpy)]4(μ-terph)2(μ-4,4′-bpy)2}{PF6}4 (7), {[Pt(2,2′-bpy)]4(μ-terph)2(μ-dpbz)2}{PF6}4 (8), and {[Pt(2,2′-bpy)]4(μ-terph)2(μ-dpbph)2}{PF6}4 (9) were constructed. The photophysical properties of these complexes were studied both in the solid state and in various solvents, revealing fluorosolvatochromism.
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(This article belongs to the Section Organometallic Chemistry)
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Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, and Photophysical Studies of Heteroleptic Silver Complexes Bearing 2,9-Bis(styryl)-1,10-phenanthroline Ligands and Bis[(2-diphenylphosphino)phenyl] Ether
by
Dimitrios Glykos, Athanassios C. Tsipis, John C. Plakatouras and Gerasimos Malandrinos
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 131; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050131 - 2 May 2024
Abstract
Three new heteroleptic Ag(I) complexes, labeled as [AgL(POP)]BF4 (1–3), were successfully synthesized and comprehensively characterized. Here, L represents 2,9-bis((E)-4-methoxystyryl)-1,10-phenanthroline (L1), 2,9-bis((E)-4-methylthiostyryl) -1,10-phenanthroline (L2), and 2,9-bis((E)-4-diethylaminostyryl)-1,10-phenanthroline (L3), while POP stands for Bis[(2-diphenylphosphino)phenyl] ether.
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Three new heteroleptic Ag(I) complexes, labeled as [AgL(POP)]BF4 (1–3), were successfully synthesized and comprehensively characterized. Here, L represents 2,9-bis((E)-4-methoxystyryl)-1,10-phenanthroline (L1), 2,9-bis((E)-4-methylthiostyryl) -1,10-phenanthroline (L2), and 2,9-bis((E)-4-diethylaminostyryl)-1,10-phenanthroline (L3), while POP stands for Bis[(2-diphenylphosphino)phenyl] ether. The stability of these compounds in solution was confirmed through multinuclear 1D (1H, 13C, 31P) and 2D NMR (COSY, NOESY, HMBC, HSQC) spectroscopies. Additionally, their molecular structure was elucidated via X-ray crystallography. The photophysical properties of the complexes were assessed both in the solid state and in solution (dichloromethane). Compounds 1–3 demonstrated moderate emissions in solution, with quantum yields ranging from 11–23%. Interestingly, their solid-state luminescent behavior differed. Large bathochromic shifts (42–75 nm) of the emission maxima and a decrease in quantum yields (2.5–9.5%) were evident, possibly due to the presence of excimers. Compound 3 stands out as a rare example of an Ag(I) red-color emitter.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Application of Luminescent Materials)
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Open AccessEditorial
Metal Complexes with N-donor Ligands
by
László Kótai
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 130; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050130 - 29 Apr 2024
Abstract
Complexes of transition and non-transition metals with a wide variety of N-donor ligands (like ammonia, amines, urea derivatives, Schiff bases, or N-heterocycles) comprise a highly important class of compounds in chemistry, biochemistry, material science, and the chemical industry [...]
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal Complexes with N-donor Ligands)
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Influence of the Magnetization of Thermally Expandable Particles on the Thermal and Debonding Properties of Bonding Joints
by
Juana Abenojar, Sara López de Armentia, Juan-Carlos del Real and Miguel-Angel Martínez
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 129; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050129 - 28 Apr 2024
Abstract
This study addresses the challenge of recycling adhesive bonds, as their disassembly is irreversible and damages the substrates. It explores the use of thermally expandable particles (TEPs), which, when heated, expand and weaken the bond. The magnetization of TEPs allows us to control
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This study addresses the challenge of recycling adhesive bonds, as their disassembly is irreversible and damages the substrates. It explores the use of thermally expandable particles (TEPs), which, when heated, expand and weaken the bond. The magnetization of TEPs allows us to control their distribution using a magnetic field. The work aims to obtain magnetized TEPs, study their influence on resin curing, mechanical performance, and durability, test their mobility in graded bonds, and analyze the temperature-induced debonding process. TEPs are characterized using various techniques, including differential scanning calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the impact of 25 wt.% TEPs on epoxy resin curing is examined using the Kamal model. Adhesion and disassembly assessments were conducted through tensile shear tests using single-lap-joint specimens, while the bond durability was determined via wedge testing. It was found that magnetization reduces the debonding time, though it decreases shear strength while increasing bond durability. The crack formation energy is higher with magnetic TEPs, and total crack length is lower in long-term wedge tests. Once debonded, the substrates are sanded and reused as raw material.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Materials and Their Applications)
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Review on Preparation of Perovskite Solar Cells by Pulsed Laser Deposition
by
Xinyu Lu, Xingjian Fan, Hao Zhang, Qingyu Xu and Mohsin Ijaz
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050128 - 24 Apr 2024
Abstract
Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a simple and extremely versatile technique to grow thin films and nanomaterials from a wide variety of materials. Compared to traditional fabrication methods, PLD is a clean physical vapour deposition approach that avoids complicated chemical reactions and by-products,
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Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a simple and extremely versatile technique to grow thin films and nanomaterials from a wide variety of materials. Compared to traditional fabrication methods, PLD is a clean physical vapour deposition approach that avoids complicated chemical reactions and by-products, achieving a precise stochiometric transfer of the target material onto the substrate and providing control over the film thickness. Halide perovskite materials have attracted extensive attention due to their excellent photoelectric and photovoltaic properties. In this paper, we present an overview of the fundamental and practical aspects of PLD. The properties and preparation methods of the halide perovskite materials are briefly discussed. Finally, we will elaborate on recent research on the preparation of perovskite solar cells by PLD, summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the PLD preparation, and prospect the all-vacuum PLD-grown solar cells in a full solar cell structure.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Semiconductor Materials for Energy Conversion)
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Construction of Zn0.5Cd0.5S/Bi4O5Br2 Heterojunction for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline Hydrochloride
by
Lan Luo, Juan Shen and Bo Jin
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 127; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050127 - 24 Apr 2024
Abstract
The development of efficient catalysts with visible light response for the removal of pollutants in an aqueous environment has been a hotspot in the field of photocatalysis research. A Zn0.5Cd0.5S (ZCS) nanoparticle/Bi4O5Br2 ultra-thin nanosheet
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The development of efficient catalysts with visible light response for the removal of pollutants in an aqueous environment has been a hotspot in the field of photocatalysis research. A Zn0.5Cd0.5S (ZCS) nanoparticle/Bi4O5Br2 ultra-thin nanosheet heterojunction was constructed by ultrasound-assisted solvothermal method. The morphology, structure, and optoelectronic properties of the composite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra. Under simulated visible light illumination, the photocatalytic performance was evaluated through degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride. Results show that the degradation effect by the optimum ZCS/Bi4O5Br2 catalyst is superior to pure materials with the kinetic constant that is 1.7 and 9.6 times higher than those of Bi4O5Br2 and ZCS, and also has better stability and reusability. Trapping experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance tests find that free radicals in the photocatalytic system are superoxide radicals and holes. This work provides a referable idea for the development of more efficient and recyclable photocatalysts.
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(This article belongs to the Section Inorganic Materials)
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