Clinical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis of Uveal Melanoma

Dear Colleagues,

Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare intraocular cancer with an incidence of 4.2 cases per million each year. It is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults and the second most common form of melanoma after melanoma of the skin. Patients are usually treated with globe-conserving methods such as radiotherapy or surgical resections, but in the case of large tumors, enucleation is required.

Regardless of primary treatment and effective local tumor control, this cancer is associated with a high mortality rate. Approximately 50% of patients develop metastases, after a median time of 3.1 years following diagnosis of the primary lesion, mostly to the liver through hematogenous spread. Liver metastasis is lethal in the majority of patients, with an estimated survival rate of 6-12 months.

Tebentafusp, recently approved for the systemic treatment of metastatic lesions, has raised hope for these patients.

Minimally invasive methods, such as tumoral biopsies and recently liquid biopsies, would be extremely beneficial, allowing clinical and molecular prognostication, with the aim of early detection of metastases to increase the likelihood of adequate treatment to improve the survival of these patients.

In this Special Issue, experts in this field will review the current approaches to the diagnosis, management and prognosis of patients affected by UM.

Dr. Josep Maria Caminal Mitjana
Guest Editor

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• uveal melanoma
• choroidal melanoma
• gene expression profiling
• immunotherapy
• metastasis
• radiotherapy
• liquid biopsy
• circulating tumor cells
• brachytherapy
• next-generation sequencing
• proton therapy