In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and In Vivo Anti-Fatigue Effect of Sea Horse (Hippocampus) Peptides
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Preparation of Hippocampal Polypeptides
2.2. Anti-Fatigue Activity of Hippocampus Peptide
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Materials
3.2. Methods
3.2.1. Preparation of Hippocampus Polypeptide
3.2.2. Determination of the Degree of Hydrolysis
3.2.3. Determination of Peptide Yield
3.2.4. Measurement of the Hydroxyl Free Radical Scavenging Rate
3.2.5. Measurement of the DPPH Scavenging Rate
3.2.6. Animal-Experimental Design
3.2.7. Swimming Exhaustion Experiment
3.2.8. Determination of Physiological and Biochemical Indices
3.3. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Factors/Levels | DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Rate (%) | Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Rate (%) | Degree of Hydrolysis (%) | Yield of Peptide (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
pH | ||||
5.0 | 88.45 ± 1.43 a | 72.46 ± 0.44 cd | 16.35 ± 0.43 ab | 33.12 ± 0.85 a |
5.5 | 87.29 ± 0.50 a | 71.52 ± 0.71 d | 17.48 ± 0.75 a | 33.03 ± 0.63 a |
6.0 | 83.46 ± 0.93 b | 74.17 ± 0.70 c | 17.70 ± 0.50 a | 32.55 ± 0.50 a |
6.5 | 70.98 ± 0.58 c | 74.34 ± 0.64 c | 16.72 ± 0.82 ab | 32.96 ± 0.88 a |
7.0 | 56.07 ± 0.70 d | 80.68 ± 0.31 b | 16.54 ± 0.27 ab | 33.42 ± 0.36 a |
7.5 | 42.08 ± 0.90 e | 83.30 ± 1.10 a | 15.81 ± 0.36 b | 33.97 ± 0.64 a |
Temperature (°C) | ||||
50 | 73.76 ± 0.36 a | 75.79 ± 1.19 ab | 16.21 ± 0.42 c | 34.06 ± 0.23 a |
55 | 74.49 ± 0.24 a | 76.22 ± 0.52 a | 16.65 ± 0.27 bc | 33.81 ± 0.41 ab |
60 | 74.49 ± 0.48 a | 76.96 ± 0.26 a | 17.27 ± 0.61 abc | 32.96 ± 0.28 bc |
65 | 74.61 ± 0.85 a | 74.24 ± 0.42 bc | 18.14 ± 0.42 a | 32.87 ± 0.37 c |
70 | 74.72 ± 0.26 a | 73.67 ± 0.49 c | 17.70 ± 0.21 ab | 33.01 ± 0.31 bc |
75 | 74.49 ± 1.13 a | 74.40 ± 0.46 bc | 16.97 ± 0.51 abc | 32.60 ± 0.39 c |
Time of hydrolysis (min) | ||||
20 | 69.69 ± 1.04 a | 73.87 ± 0.29 b | 13.69 ± 0.28 e | 34.88 ± 0.66 a |
40 | 71.48 ± 0.73 a | 76.53 ± 0.88 a | 15.08 ± 0.41 d | 34.61 ± 0.28 a |
60 | 70.28 ± 0.84 a | 77.18 ± 0.84 a | 16.21 ± 0.65 cd | 33.69 ± 0.58 a |
80 | 69.36 ± 0.55 a | 73.20 ± 1.01 b | 17.38 ± 0.25 bc | 31.98 ± 0.74 b |
100 | 65.30 ± 0.89 b | 72.18 ± 0.90 bc | 18.14 ± 0.14 ab | 31.93 ± 0.16 b |
120 | 60.30 ± 0.96 c | 70.34 ± 0.31 c | 19.13 ± 0.85 a | 31.73 ± 0.46 b |
Enzyme concentration (U/g) | ||||
1000 | 73.57 ± 0.34 a | 78.43 ± 0.54 a | 12.30 ± 0.49 d | 33.30 ± 0.47 a |
2000 | 73.38 ± 1.09 a | 77.94 ± 0.46 a | 14.02 ± 0.35 c | 33.10 ± 0.22 ab |
3000 | 72.93 ± 0.28 ab | 77.56 ± 0.52 a | 14.89 ± 0.57 c | 32.07 ± 0.83 abc |
4000 | 71.40 ± 0.64 bc | 75.12 ± 0.23 b | 16.35 ± 0.12 b | 31.84 ± 0.60 bcd |
5000 | 70.96 ± 0.22 c | 75.03 ± 0.76 b | 16.79 ± 0.35 b | 31.61 ± 0.23 cd |
6000 | 68.28 ± 0.58 d | 74.87 ± 0.60 b | 18.21 ± 0.62 a | 30.61 ± 0.42 d |
Solid-liquid ratio | ||||
1:5 | 78.15 ± 0.59 a | 70.43 ± 0.27 d | 13.54 ± 0.66 f | 13.12 ± 0.49 e |
1:10 | 78.21 ± 0.41 a | 74.24 ± 0.65 c | 15.20 ± 0.32 e | 23.86 ± 0.31 d |
1:15 | 74.39 ± 0.56 b | 76.51 ± 0.31 b | 16.72 ± 0.43 d | 32.34 ± 0.33 c |
1:20 | 69.00 ± 0.29 c | 76.53 ± 0.46 b | 18.22 ± 0.66 c | 34.53 ± 0.62 b |
1:25 | 62.12 ± 1.15 d | 76.67 ± 0.60 b | 20.80 ± 0.37 b | 35.84 ± 0.64 ab |
1:30 | 54.10 ± 0.29 e | 84.52 ± 0.38 a | 23.15 ± 0.68 a | 36.29 ± 0.41 a |
Protease | Loading Amount (U/g) | pH | Enzymolysis Time (h) | Enzymolysis Temperature (℃) | Material/Solvent |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neutral protease | 4000 | 7.0 | 2 | 50 | 1:15 |
Flavorzyme | 4000 | 7.0 | 2 | 50 | 1:15 |
Compound protease | 4000 | 7.0 | 2 | 50 | 1:15 |
Papain | 4000 | 6.5 | 2 | 55 | 1:15 |
Trypsin | 4000 | 7.5 | 2 | 45 | 1:15 |
Alkaline protease | 4000 | 8.0 | 2 | 50 | 1:15 |
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Guo, Z.; Lin, D.; Guo, J.; Zhang, Y.; Zheng, B. In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and In Vivo Anti-Fatigue Effect of Sea Horse (Hippocampus) Peptides. Molecules 2017, 22, 482. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22030482
Guo Z, Lin D, Guo J, Zhang Y, Zheng B. In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and In Vivo Anti-Fatigue Effect of Sea Horse (Hippocampus) Peptides. Molecules. 2017; 22(3):482. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22030482
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuo, Zebin, Duanquan Lin, Juanjuan Guo, Yi Zhang, and Baodong Zheng. 2017. "In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and In Vivo Anti-Fatigue Effect of Sea Horse (Hippocampus) Peptides" Molecules 22, no. 3: 482. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22030482