Rapid Detection and Quantification of Patulin and Citrinin Contamination in Fruits
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Method Validation
2.2. Analysis of Samples
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Fruit and Synthetic Medium Inoculation
3.2. Mycotoxin Extraction from Synthetic Medium and Fruits
3.3. HPLC Analysis
3.4. Validation of Analytical Parameters
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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Matrix | PAT (µg/g) | CTN (µg/g) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Range | LOD | LOQ | Range | LOD | LOQ | |
YES medium | 0.005–50 | 0.003 | 0.009 | 0.005–50 | 0.003 | 0.009 |
Apple | 0.0125–50 | 0.006 | 0.018 | 0.005–50 | 0.001 | 0.003 |
Pear | 0.0125–50 | 0.006 | 0.018 | 0.005–50 | 0.001 | 0.003 |
Matrix | PAT | CTN | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Spiking Levels (µg/g) | Mean Recovery, RSD (%) | Spiking Levels (µg/g) | Mean Recovery, RSD (%) | |
YES medium | 0.005 | 57.20 (1.73) | 0.005 | 70.99 (0.85) |
0.05 | 61.86 (3.16) | 0.05 | 83.85 (2.03) | |
0.1 | 67.88 (0.67) | 0.1 | 95.48 (6.95) | |
0.5 | 86.99 (3.95) | 0.5 | 90.99 (3.43) | |
1 | 89.08 (4.70) | 1 | 83.54 (1.33) | |
10 | 83.82 (1.17) | 10 | 88.22 (2.64) | |
25 | 84.64 (1.68) | 25 | 92.93 (4.27) | |
50 | 92.82 (2.97) | 50 | 94.37 (2.28) | |
Apple | 0.0125 | 55.48 (1.96) | 0.005 | 86.88 (1.60) |
0.05 | 61.66 (4.35) | 0.05 | 98.91 (7.20) | |
0.1 | 74.79 (6.10) | 0.1 | 101.05 (8.10) | |
0.5 | 84.61 (3.06) | 0.5 | 91.47 (2.83) | |
1 | 78.84 (6.24) | 1 | 89.04 (5.18) | |
10 | 73.63(4.36) | 10 | 89.36 (2.36) | |
25 | 75.07 (9.07) | 25 | 93.82 (1.75) | |
50 | 77.58 (5.66) | 50 | 85.72 (4.74) | |
Pear | 0.0125 | 57.59 (1.61) | 0.005 | 84.22 (6.33) |
0.05 | 59.82 (1.07) | 0.05 | 99.68 (5.40) | |
0.1 | 74.55 (2.08) | 0.1 | 99.62 (6.19) | |
0.5 | 83.40 (1.44) | 0.5 | 90.71 (3.21) | |
1 | 97.30 (2.21) | 1 | 87.72 (3.37) | |
10 | 79.87 (4.60) | 10 | 86.92 (3.64) | |
25 | 92.14 (1.94) | 25 | 93.23 (3.77) | |
50 | 94.90 (2.45) | 50 | 93.75 (1.93) |
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Sadhasivam, S.; Barda, O.; Zakin, V.; Reifen, R.; Sionov, E. Rapid Detection and Quantification of Patulin and Citrinin Contamination in Fruits. Molecules 2021, 26, 4545. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154545
Sadhasivam S, Barda O, Zakin V, Reifen R, Sionov E. Rapid Detection and Quantification of Patulin and Citrinin Contamination in Fruits. Molecules. 2021; 26(15):4545. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154545
Chicago/Turabian StyleSadhasivam, Sudharsan, Omer Barda, Varda Zakin, Ram Reifen, and Edward Sionov. 2021. "Rapid Detection and Quantification of Patulin and Citrinin Contamination in Fruits" Molecules 26, no. 15: 4545. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154545