The Brassinosteroid Signaling Pathway—New Key Players and Interconnections with Other Signaling Networks Crucial for Plant Development and Stress Tolerance
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Brassinosteroid Perception by Plasma Membrane-Associated Receptor Complex
3. BR Ligand Binding by BRI1 Receptor Is Accompanied by Numerous Phosphorylation Events, Which Have Regulatory Function
4. BRI1 Forms Receptor Complex through Interaction with SERK Transmembrane Kinases What Involves Further Phosphorylation Events
5. Mechanisms Regulating the Activity of BRI1-SERKs Receptor Complex
6. SERKs Are Multifaceted Co-Receptors Mediating Various Signaling Pathways
7. Downstream BR Signaling Components Interacting Directly with Receptor Complex
8. BIN2 Kinase Is a Major Negative Regulator of BR Signaling Inactivating Transcription Factors Mediating BR-Dependent Gene Expression
9. BZR1 and BES1 Are Activated by PP2A Phosphatase-Mediated Dephosphorylation
10. The Transcription Factors BZR1 and BES1 Are the Key Regulators of BR-Dependent Gene Expression
11. Newly Identified Transcription Factors Regulating the BR-Dependent Gene Expression
12. Several Mediators of BR Signaling Are Involved in Other Signalosomes and Function as the Points of Cross-Talk between Pathways Regulating Various Physiological Processes and Stress Responses
13. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflict of Interest
References
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Gruszka, D. The Brassinosteroid Signaling Pathway—New Key Players and Interconnections with Other Signaling Networks Crucial for Plant Development and Stress Tolerance. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2013, 14, 8740-8774. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms14058740
Gruszka D. The Brassinosteroid Signaling Pathway—New Key Players and Interconnections with Other Signaling Networks Crucial for Plant Development and Stress Tolerance. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2013; 14(5):8740-8774. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms14058740
Chicago/Turabian StyleGruszka, Damian. 2013. "The Brassinosteroid Signaling Pathway—New Key Players and Interconnections with Other Signaling Networks Crucial for Plant Development and Stress Tolerance" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 14, no. 5: 8740-8774. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms14058740