The Inhibition of RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis through the Suppression of p38 Signaling Pathway by Naringenin and Attenuation of Titanium-Particle-Induced Osteolysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. NAR Cytotoxicity and Effect of NAR on Osteoclastogenesis
2.2. F-Actin Ring Formation
2.3. Osteoclast Bone Resorption
2.4. RANKL-Induced Gene Expression
2.5. RANKL-Induced p38 Signaling and Anisomycin on NAR-Treated Osteoclastogenesis
2.6. RANKL-Induced NF-κB, ERK, JNK Signaling
2.7. RANKL-Induced NFATc1 Expression
2.8. Titanium Particle-Induced Osteolysis
2.9. Schematic Diagram Describing the Mechanism by Which Naringenin (NAR) Inhibits Osteoclast Differentiation and Function
3. Discussion
4. Experimental Section
4.1. Media, Reagents, and Cells
4.2. Cytotoxicity Assay
4.3. BMMs Isolation and Osteoclasts Culture
4.4. F-Actin Ring Immunofluorescence
4.5. Bone Resorption Pit Assay
4.6. RNA Extraction and Quantitative PCR Assay
4.7. NF-κB Luciferase Reporter Gene Assay
4.8. Osteoclastogenesis Rescue Assay
4.9. Western Blot Analysis
4.10. Titanium Particle-Induced Calvarial Osteolysis Model
4.11. Micro-Computed Tomography (micro-CT) Scanning
4.12. Histological and Histomorphometric Analysis
4.13. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Wang, W.; Wu, C.; Tian, B.; Liu, X.; Zhai, Z.; Qu, X.; Jiang, C.; Ouyang, Z.; Mao, Y.; Tang, T.; et al. The Inhibition of RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis through the Suppression of p38 Signaling Pathway by Naringenin and Attenuation of Titanium-Particle-Induced Osteolysis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2014, 15, 21913-21934. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms151221913
Wang W, Wu C, Tian B, Liu X, Zhai Z, Qu X, Jiang C, Ouyang Z, Mao Y, Tang T, et al. The Inhibition of RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis through the Suppression of p38 Signaling Pathway by Naringenin and Attenuation of Titanium-Particle-Induced Osteolysis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2014; 15(12):21913-21934. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms151221913
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Wengang, Chuanlong Wu, Bo Tian, Xuqiang Liu, Zanjing Zhai, Xinhua Qu, Chuan Jiang, Zhengxiao Ouyang, Yuanqing Mao, Tingting Tang, and et al. 2014. "The Inhibition of RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis through the Suppression of p38 Signaling Pathway by Naringenin and Attenuation of Titanium-Particle-Induced Osteolysis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 15, no. 12: 21913-21934. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms151221913