EP4 Agonist L-902,688 Suppresses EndMT and Attenuates Right Ventricular Cardiac Fibrosis in Experimental Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. EP4-Specific Agonist Prevents TGF-β-Induced EndMT In Vitro
2.2. The Role of EP4 in L-902,688-Induced Suppression of TGF-β-Induced EndMT
2.3. Effect of L-902,688 on Right Ventricular Changes in Experimental PAH
2.4. EP4-Specific Agonist Prevents Cardiac Fibrosis and Inhibits α-SMA Expression in Hypertrophic RV Tissue
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Experimental Design
4.2. Modified Masson’s Trichrome Staining
4.3. Immunohistochemistry
4.4. Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) Culture
4.5. Western Blot Analysis
4.6. Immunocytochemical Analysis
4.7. Statistical Analysis
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Lai, Y.-J.; Chen, I.-C.; Li, H.-H.; Huang, C.-C. EP4 Agonist L-902,688 Suppresses EndMT and Attenuates Right Ventricular Cardiac Fibrosis in Experimental Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 727. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19030727
Lai Y-J, Chen I-C, Li H-H, Huang C-C. EP4 Agonist L-902,688 Suppresses EndMT and Attenuates Right Ventricular Cardiac Fibrosis in Experimental Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(3):727. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19030727
Chicago/Turabian StyleLai, Ying-Ju, I-Chen Chen, Hsin-Hsien Li, and Chung-Chi Huang. 2018. "EP4 Agonist L-902,688 Suppresses EndMT and Attenuates Right Ventricular Cardiac Fibrosis in Experimental Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 3: 727. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19030727