Nanoparticles and Colloidal Hydrogels of Chitosan–Caseinate Polyelectrolyte Complexes for Drug-Controlled Release Applications
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Chitosans Macromolecular Structure and Thermal Properties
2.2. Spectroscopic Study of Chitosan/Caseinate Interaction
2.2.1. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)
2.2.2. Raman Spectroscopy
2.3. Characterization of Chitosan-Caseinate Polyelectrolyte Complex Systems
2.3.1. Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight
2.3.2. Effect of Chitosan Degree of Acetylation (DA)
2.3.3. Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight
2.3.4. Effect of Chitosan Degree of Acetylation (DA)
2.4. Insulin Delivery Chitosan-Caseinate Nanoparticle Systems. Insulin Entrapment Efficiency and Release
3. Discussion
3.1. Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight, Degree of Acetylation (DA) and Order of Addition of Polyelectrolytes on the Chitosan-Caseinate PEC Colloidal System Characteristics
3.2. Insulin Delivery from Chitosan-Caseinate Nanoparticles
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Chitosan Degree of Acetylation (DA)
4.2. Chitosan Molecular Weight
4.3. Thermogravimetric Analysis TGA
4.4. Chitosan/Caseinate Interaction in Casted Films
Fourier Transform Infrared FTIR and Raman Spectroscopies
4.5. Preparation of Chitosan-Caseinate Nanoparticles
- (i)
- NaCas added to high molecular weight and low DA chitosan (HMW CHI)
- (ii)
- NaCas added to low molecular weight chitosan with low DA (deacetylated-LMW CHI)
- (iii)
- NaCas added to low molecular weight chitosan with high DA (LMW CHI)
- (iv)
- High molecular weight chitosan (HMW CHI) of low DA added to NaCas
- (v)
- Low molecular weight chitosan of low DA (deacetylated-LMW CHI) added to NaCas
- (vi)
- Low molecular weight chitosan (LMW CHI) of high DA added to NaCas
4.6. Characterization of Chitosan-Caseinate Polyelectrolyte Complexes
4.6.1. Zeta Potential and Hydrodynamic Radius
4.6.2. Morphology of Chitosan-Caseinate Nanoparticles
4.7. Insulin-Loaded Chitosan-Caseinate Nanoparticles for Drug Controlled Release
Insulin Entrapment Efficiency and Release Kinetics. UV Spectroscopy
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Type of Chitosan | Mn (g/mol) | Mw (g/mol) | PDI | DA (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
HMW CHI | 4.10 × 105 ± 6.4% | 6.11 × 105 ± 9.6% | 1.49 ± 11.6% | 3 |
LMW CHI | 3.87 × 105 ± 0.62% | 5.23 × 105 ± 0.73% | 1.34 ± 0.35% | 13 |
deacetylated-LMW CHI | 7.52 × 104 ± 0.59% | 1.75 × 105 ± 0.31% | 2.327 ± 0.67% | 3 |
Experiment | Chitosan Mw | Chitosan DA | Volume Ratio V(CHI):V(NaCas) |
---|---|---|---|
Case I: Chitosan in excess | |||
(i) | High | Low | 50:1; - ; 10:1; - ; 5:1; 2:1; 1:1 |
(ii) | Low | Low | 50:1; - ; 10:1; - ; 5:1; 2:1; 1:1 |
(iii) | Low | High | 50:1; - ; 10:1; - ; 5:1; 2:1; 1:1 |
Case II: Caseinate in excess | |||
(iv) | High | Low | 1:50; 1:25; 1:10; 3:20; 1:5; 1:2; 1:1 |
(v) | Low | Low | 1:50; 1:25; 1:10; 3:20; 1:5; 1:2; 1:1 |
(vi) | Low | High | 1:50; 1:25; 1:10; 3:20; 1:5; 1:2; 1:1 |
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Lall, A.; Kamdem Tamo, A.; Doench, I.; David, L.; Nunes de Oliveira, P.; Gorzelanny, C.; Osorio-Madrazo, A. Nanoparticles and Colloidal Hydrogels of Chitosan–Caseinate Polyelectrolyte Complexes for Drug-Controlled Release Applications. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 5602. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165602
Lall A, Kamdem Tamo A, Doench I, David L, Nunes de Oliveira P, Gorzelanny C, Osorio-Madrazo A. Nanoparticles and Colloidal Hydrogels of Chitosan–Caseinate Polyelectrolyte Complexes for Drug-Controlled Release Applications. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(16):5602. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165602
Chicago/Turabian StyleLall, Aastha, Arnaud Kamdem Tamo, Ingo Doench, Laurent David, Paula Nunes de Oliveira, Christian Gorzelanny, and Anayancy Osorio-Madrazo. 2020. "Nanoparticles and Colloidal Hydrogels of Chitosan–Caseinate Polyelectrolyte Complexes for Drug-Controlled Release Applications" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 16: 5602. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165602