Mitochondrial Dynamics Markers and Related Signaling Molecules Are Important Regulators of Spermatozoa Number and Functionality
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Repeated Psychophysical Stress Increases the Level of Stress Hormones in Circulation, but Decreases Androgens Levels, as Well as the Functionality, ATP Level and Number of Spermatozoa
2.2. Transcriptional Profiles of Mitochondrial Dynamics and Functionality Markers Are Dramatically Changed in Spermatozoa from Stressed Rats
2.3. Transcriptional Profiles of Signaling Molecules Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics and Functionality as Well as Number and Functionality of Spermatozoa, All of Which Are Important for Fertility, Are Dramatically Changed in Spermatozoa from Stressed Rats
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Statement of Institutional Review Board
4.2. Statement That the Authors Complied with ARRIVE Guidelines and Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Guidelines
4.3. Animals and Experimental Model of Stress
4.4. Serum Hormones Measurement
4.5. Isolation of Spermatozoa and Assessment of Their Functionality (Capacitation and Acrosome Reaction)
4.6. Measurement of ATP Level
4.7. RNA Isolation and cDNA Synthesis
4.8. Relative Quantification of Gene Expression
4.9. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group | Control | 1×3hIMO | 10×3hIMO | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Transcript | ||||
Ppargc1a | 1.0 ± 0.07 | 0.91 ± 0.30 | 2.74 *,# ± 0.52 | |
Tfam | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 1.19 ± 0.04 | 1.94 *,# ± 0.29 | |
Nrf1 | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 1.14 ± 0.06 | 2.33 * ± 0.54 | |
Nrf2a | 1.0 ± 0.06 | 1.18 ± 0.04 | 1.82 *,# ± 0.08 | |
Ppard | 1.0 ± 0.01 | 1.92 * ± 0.01 | 1.86 * ± 0.15 | |
mtNd1 | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 1.20 ± 0.01 | 7.03 *,# ± 0.16 | |
Mfn1 | 1.0 ± 0.01 | 1.00 ± 0.08 | 3.28 *,# ± 0.69 | |
Mfn2 | 1.0 ± 0.04 | 0.81 ± 0.01 | 2.88 *,# ± 0.37 | |
Opa1 | 1.0 ± 0.06 | 1.27 ± 0.01 | 1.63 * ± 0.08 | |
Drp1 | 1.0 ± 0.01 | 0.98 ± 0.03 | 3.23 *,# ± 0.39 | |
Pink1 | 1.0 ± 0.00 | 0.70 ± 0.01 | 2.31 *,# ± 0.18 | |
Prkn | 1.0 ± 0.05 | 0.75 ± 0.23 | 1.45 *,# ± 0.15 | |
Tfeb | 1.0 ± 0.01 | 1.28 ± 0.08 | 2.61 *,# ± 0.59 | |
Cox4i1 | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 1.15 ± 0.02 | 2.75 *,# ± 0.17 | |
Cox4i2 | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 0.64 ± 0.19 | 2.78 *,# ± 0.68 | |
Cytc | 1.0 ± 0.01 | 1.25 ± 0.04 | 1.60 * ± 0.08 | |
Ucp2 | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 1.23 ± 0.01 | 3.22 *,# ± 0.59 | |
Ucp3 | 1.0 ± 0.06 | 0.71 ± 0.03 | 0.20 *,# ± 0.02 | |
Adcy6 | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 0.52 * ± 0.01 | 3.13 *,# ± 0.38 | |
Adcy8 | 1.0 ± 0.01 | 0.43 * ± 0.06 | 0.43 * ± 0.11 | |
Adcy9 | 1.0 ± 0.01 | 0.85 ± 0.00 | 2.70 *,# ± 0.45 | |
Prkaca | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 0.77 ± 0.05 | 1.70 *,# ± 0.19 | |
Prkacb | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 0.96 ± 0.02 | 2.43 *,# ± 0.54 | |
Prkar1a | 1.0 ± 0.01 | 0.96 ± 0.02 | 2.29 *,# ± 0.30 | |
Prkar2a | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 0.63 ± 0.06 | 1.89 *,# ± 0.20 | |
Prkar2b | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 0.68 ± 0.05 | 3.90 *,# ± 0.51 | |
Mapk1 | 1.0 ± 0.01 | 1.89 * ± 0.09 | 3.33 *,# ± 0.65 | |
Mapk3 | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 0.72 ± 0.04 | 1.70 *,# ± 0.29 | |
Mapk6 | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 1.72 * ± 0.06 | 1.58 * ± 0.19 | |
Mapk8 | 1.0 ± 0.01 | 1.56 * ± 0.03 | 3.22 *,# ± 0.56 | |
Mapk9 | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 1.02 ± 0.01 | 1.82 *,# ± 0.23 | |
Mapk12 | 1.0 ± 0.01 | 0.95 ± 0.05 | 2.39 *,# ± 0.48 | |
Mapk13 | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 0.61 ± 0.04 | 3.25 *,# ± 0.56 | |
Mapk14 | 1.0 ± 0.01 | 0.83 ± 0.01 | 1.77 *,# ± 0.34 |
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Starovlah, I.M.; Radovic Pletikosic, S.M.; Kostic, T.S.; Andric, S.A. Mitochondrial Dynamics Markers and Related Signaling Molecules Are Important Regulators of Spermatozoa Number and Functionality. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 5693. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115693
Starovlah IM, Radovic Pletikosic SM, Kostic TS, Andric SA. Mitochondrial Dynamics Markers and Related Signaling Molecules Are Important Regulators of Spermatozoa Number and Functionality. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(11):5693. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115693
Chicago/Turabian StyleStarovlah, Isidora M., Sava M. Radovic Pletikosic, Tatjana S. Kostic, and Silvana A. Andric. 2021. "Mitochondrial Dynamics Markers and Related Signaling Molecules Are Important Regulators of Spermatozoa Number and Functionality" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 11: 5693. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115693