Patient-Derived Organoids of Cholangiocarcinoma
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Establishment of Human Cholangiocarcinoma Organoid Lines from Surgical Specimens
Organoid-Derived 2D Cell Lines
2.2. Patient-Derived Organoid-Based Xenografts of Cholangiocarcinoma
2.3. Patient-Derived Organoids Retained the Histological Characteristics of the Parental Tumor
2.4. Patient-Derived Organoids Recapitulate Parental Tumor Molecular Features
2.5. Therapeutic Response of the Human Preclinical Cholangiocarcinoma Models
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Human Samples
4.2. Mice
4.3. Organoid Culture
4.4. Cell Culture
4.5. Treatment
4.6. Patient-Derived Organoids Xenografts
4.7. Histology and Immunohistochemistry
4.8. Next-Generation Sequencing
4.9. Sequencing Data Analysis
4.10. Statistics
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patient ID | Age (Years) | Gender | Tumor Type | Isolation Method | Culture Medium * | Culture Period (Weeks) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 76 | M | CC | Manually picked | 1 | 1.1 |
5 | 54 | M | iCC | Manually picked | 1 | 5.0 |
5 | 54 | M | iCC | SC | 1 | 5.0 |
5 | 54 | M | iCC | CCL | 1 | 7.0 |
7 | 65 | M | iCC | CCL | 1 | 11.3 |
14 | 71 | F | iCC | CCL | 1 | 7.1 |
15 | 56 | F | CC | CCL | 1 | 7.1 |
19 | 74 | M | iCC | CCL | 1 | 7.0 |
20 | 76 | M | CC | CCL | 1 | 8.7 |
23 | 68 | M | pCC | CCL | 2 | 8.0 |
26 | 26 | F | dCC | CCL | 2 | 2.1 |
42 | 46 | M | CC | CCL + SC | 2 | 6.4 |
44 | 56 | M | pCC | CCL + SC | 2 | 2.0 |
50 | 73 | F | CC | CCL + SC | 2 | 6.4 |
51 | 72 | F | CC | CCL + SC | 2 | 5.9 |
61 | 69 | F | iCC | CCL | 3 | 35.3 |
68 | 57 | F | iCC | CCL + SC | 3 | 103.3 |
70 | 80 | F | iCC | CCL + SC | 3 | 2.0 |
71 | 60 | M | iCC | CCL + SC | 3 | 3.0 |
81 | 82 | M | dCC | CCL + SC | 3 | 1.0 |
83 | 68 | F | pCC | CCL | 3 | 86.4 |
86 | 67 | F | dCC | SC | 3 | 1.0 |
95 | 72 | M | iCC | SC | 3 | 2.1 |
99 | 63 | F | iCC | CCL + SC | 3 | 2.0 |
108 | 53 | M | iCC | CCL + SC | 3 | 20.1 |
109 | 78 | F | pCC | CCL + SC | 3 | 15.9 |
115 | 65 | M | pCC | CCL + SC | 3 | 4.3 |
118 | 53 | F | iCC | CCL + SC | 3 | 6.6 |
125 | 69 | M | pCC | CCL + SC | 3 | 7.1 |
Patient-ID | Sex | Age at Diagnosis | Tumor Location | TNM-Stage | Grading |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
P68 | Female | 57 | Intrahepatic | T2a N1 M1 | G2 |
P83 | Female | 86 | Perihilar | T3 N0 M0 | G3 |
TFK-1 | Male | 63 | Extrahepatic |
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Maier, C.F.; Zhu, L.; Nanduri, L.K.; Kühn, D.; Kochall, S.; Thepkaysone, M.-L.; William, D.; Grützmann, K.; Klink, B.; Betge, J.; et al. Patient-Derived Organoids of Cholangiocarcinoma. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 8675. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168675
Maier CF, Zhu L, Nanduri LK, Kühn D, Kochall S, Thepkaysone M-L, William D, Grützmann K, Klink B, Betge J, et al. Patient-Derived Organoids of Cholangiocarcinoma. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(16):8675. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168675
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaier, Christopher Fabian, Lei Zhu, Lahiri Kanth Nanduri, Daniel Kühn, Susan Kochall, May-Linn Thepkaysone, Doreen William, Konrad Grützmann, Barbara Klink, Johannes Betge, and et al. 2021. "Patient-Derived Organoids of Cholangiocarcinoma" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 16: 8675. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168675