Lupeol Treatment Attenuates Activation of Glial Cells and Oxidative-Stress-Mediated Neuropathology in Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Lupeol Treatment Inhibits Glial Cell Activation in the Cortex and Hippocampus of Mouse Brain with TBI
2.2. Lupeol Treatment Induces Nrf2/HO-1 Expression and Attenuates ROS and LPO in Mouse Brain with TBI
2.3. Administration of Lupeol Reduced the Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines in Mouse Brain with TBI
2.4. Lupeol Treatment Attenuated TBI-Induced Apoptotic Cell Death in Mouse Brain
2.5. Lupeol Treatment Improved Learning Memory and Spontaneous Alteration Behavior in TBI-Induced Memory Impairment
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals
4.2. Traumatic Brain Injury of Mice and Drug Treatment
4.3. Morris Water Maze (MWM) Test
4.4. Y-Maze Test
4.5. Homogenization of Mouse Brain
4.6. ROS Assay
4.7. LPO Assay
4.8. Antibodies and Reagents
4.9. Immunoblotting
4.10. Immunofluorescence Analysis
4.11. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ahmad, R.; Khan, A.; Rehman, I.U.; Lee, H.J.; Khan, I.; Kim, M.O. Lupeol Treatment Attenuates Activation of Glial Cells and Oxidative-Stress-Mediated Neuropathology in Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 6086. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116086
Ahmad R, Khan A, Rehman IU, Lee HJ, Khan I, Kim MO. Lupeol Treatment Attenuates Activation of Glial Cells and Oxidative-Stress-Mediated Neuropathology in Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(11):6086. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116086
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmad, Riaz, Amjad Khan, Inayat Ur Rehman, Hyeon Jin Lee, Ibrahim Khan, and Myeong Ok Kim. 2022. "Lupeol Treatment Attenuates Activation of Glial Cells and Oxidative-Stress-Mediated Neuropathology in Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 11: 6086. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116086